unimolecular

简明释义

英[ˌjunɪˈmoʊlɛkələr]美[ˌjunɪˈmoʊlɛkələr]

adj. [化学] 单分子的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The unimolecular decomposition and dehydrogenation of ethanol initiate the branched chain reaction, and the 3 isomers of radical C2H5O determine the direction of the reaction chain branching.

乙醇氧化经裂解反应、脱氢反应最终形成支链反应，乙氧基c 2h5o的三种同分异构体在链分支中决定了链分支的进行方向。

2.The unimolecular decomposition and dehydrogenation of ethanol initiate the branched chain reaction, and the 3 isomers of radical C2H5O determine the direction of the reaction chain branching.

乙醇氧化经裂解反应、脱氢反应最终形成支链反应，乙氧基c 2h5o的三种同分异构体在链分支中决定了链分支的进行方向。

3.The studies of G2-PCL-HPG unimolecular nanocarriers in water solution showed that G2-PCL-HPG unimolecular can well carry polar or no-polar molecules.

研究G2-PCL-HPG的单分子携带能力发现，在水溶液中，其对极性或非极性分子都有良好的携带能力。

4.The reaction mechanism was found to be unimolecular, meaning it depends on the concentration of only one reactant.

反应机制被发现是单分子的，这意味着它只依赖于一个反应物的浓度。

5.In a unimolecular process, the rate of reaction is proportional to the concentration of a single molecule.

在单分子过程中，反应速率与单个分子的浓度成正比。

6.The study focused on a unimolecular decomposition reaction that occurs in gas-phase chemistry.

这项研究集中于发生在气相化学中的单分子分解反应。

7.Understanding unimolecular reactions is crucial for developing new synthetic pathways.

理解单分子反应对于开发新的合成途径至关重要。

8.The enzyme catalyzes a unimolecular reaction that transforms a single substrate into a product.

该酶催化一种单分子反应，将单一底物转化为产物。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, understanding the mechanisms of reactions is crucial for both theoretical and practical applications. One term that often arises in this context is unimolecular, which refers to a reaction that involves a single molecule undergoing a transformation. This contrasts with bimolecular reactions, where two molecules interact to produce a result. The significance of unimolecular processes cannot be overstated, especially when discussing reaction kinetics and the behavior of gases. A classic example of a unimolecular reaction is the decomposition of a gas into its constituent parts. For instance, consider the breakdown of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) into nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen (O2). This reaction can occur without any direct interaction with another molecule; instead, it relies on the energy and stability of the NO2 molecule itself. This self-sufficient nature of unimolecular reactions makes them particularly interesting to chemists. The rate of a unimolecular reaction is typically described by first-order kinetics, meaning that the rate at which the reaction proceeds depends solely on the concentration of the single reactant. This is an essential concept in chemical kinetics, as it allows scientists to predict how changes in concentration will affect the speed of the reaction. For example, if the concentration of NO2 is increased, the rate of its decomposition will also increase, but only in proportion to the concentration of NO2 itself. Moreover, unimolecular reactions are not limited to gas-phase processes. They can also occur in solution or even in solid-state reactions. In biochemical contexts, many enzyme-catalyzed reactions can be considered unimolecular when the substrate binds to the enzyme, leading to a conformational change that results in product formation. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for drug design and development, as it allows for the optimization of interactions between substrates and enzymes. One fascinating aspect of unimolecular reactions is their role in atmospheric chemistry. For instance, the breakdown of ozone (O3) in the stratosphere is a unimolecular process that contributes to the depletion of the ozone layer. As environmental concerns grow, studying these reactions helps us understand the implications of human activity on atmospheric composition and climate change. In conclusion, the concept of unimolecular reactions is fundamental to various fields within chemistry and beyond. By focusing on reactions involving single molecules, scientists can gain insights into reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and environmental processes. The study of unimolecular reactions not only enhances our understanding of chemical principles but also aids in developing solutions to real-world challenges, such as drug development and environmental protection. As we continue to explore the intricate world of molecular interactions, the term unimolecular will undoubtedly remain a key player in our scientific vocabulary.

在化学领域，理解反应机制对于理论和实践应用至关重要。一个常常出现的术语是unimolecular，它指的是涉及单个分子发生转化的反应。这与双分子反应形成对比，后者涉及两个分子相互作用以产生结果。unimolecular过程的重要性不容小觑，尤其是在讨论反应动力学和气体行为时。 一个典型的unimolecular反应的例子是气体分解为其组成部分。例如，考虑二氧化氮（NO2）分解为一氧化氮（NO）和氧气（O2）。这个反应可以在没有与其他分子直接交互的情况下发生；相反，它依赖于NO2分子的能量和稳定性。unimolecular反应的这种自给自足特性使它们对化学家特别有趣。 unimolecular反应的速率通常由一级动力学描述，这意味着反应进行的速率仅依赖于单一反应物的浓度。这是化学动力学中的一个基本概念，因为它允许科学家预测浓度变化将如何影响反应速度。例如，如果NO2的浓度增加，则其分解的速率也会增加，但仅与NO2本身的浓度成比例。 此外，unimolecular反应并不限于气相过程。它们也可以在溶液中或甚至在固态反应中发生。在生物化学背景下，许多酶催化的反应可以被视为unimolecular，当底物与酶结合时，会导致构象变化，从而形成产物。理解这些机制对于药物设计和开发至关重要，因为它允许优化底物和酶之间的相互作用。 unimolecular反应的一个迷人方面是它们在大气化学中的作用。例如，臭氧（O3）在平流层中的分解是一个unimolecular过程，它有助于臭氧层的耗损。随着环境问题的日益严重，研究这些反应帮助我们理解人类活动对大气成分和气候变化的影响。 总之，unimolecular反应的概念是化学及其相关领域的基础。通过关注涉及单个分子的反应，科学家可以深入了解反应机制、动力学和环境过程。对unimolecular反应的研究不仅增强了我们对化学原理的理解，还有助于开发应对现实世界挑战的解决方案，例如药物开发和环境保护。随着我们继续探索分子相互作用的复杂世界，unimolecular这一术语无疑将在我们的科学词汇中保持关键地位。