tephra

简明释义

英[ˈtefrə]美[ˈtefrə]

n. 火山灰，火山碎屑

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Around the same time, a massive volcanic eruption in the Wrangell Mountains in Alaska occurred, blanketing the area in a layer of ash, up to a foot deep, called the White River tephra.

大致在同一时期，阿拉斯加州的弗兰格尔山脉出现了大规模的火山爆发，这个地区遂被深达一英尺的怀特河火山灰所覆盖。

2.Around the same time, a massive volcanic eruption in the Wrangell Mountains in Alaska occurred, blanketing the area in a layer of ash, up to a foot deep, called the White River tephra.

大致在同一时期，阿拉斯加州的弗兰格尔山脉出现了大规模的火山爆发，这个地区遂被深达一英尺的怀特河火山灰所覆盖。

3.Significant changes in phytolith assemblages occur at the same depth as four major tephra. indicating a sharp decline in trees and shrubs and a surge in grass and Cyperaceae.

植硅体组合在4个主要的火山灰层都发生了明显的变化，表现在树木和灌木的急剧下降及禾草类和莎草科的繁盛。

4.New information on the response of vegetation to air-fall volcanic ash is provided by analysis of phytoliths from sediments containing major tephra beds.

含火山灰层沉积的植硅体分析为了解植被对从空中下降的火山灰的反应提供新的信息。

5.The ledge was covered with heavy ash, called tephra, and speckled with droplets of volcanic glass and delicate lava threads known as Pele's hair.

岩架上覆盖了厚厚的火山灰烬，其间点缀着火山玻璃珠和被称之为火山毛(Pele ' s hair)的熔岩细线。

6.Tephra is any fragmented material produced by a volcanic eruption, be it ash or rock.

无论是灰烬还是岩石，所有因火山爆发而形成的碎片状物质都称作火山灰。

7.Mustafar's skies are obscured by choking black clouds of ash, smoke and tephra.

穆斯塔法的天空弥漫着令人窒息的黑云，其主要成分为灰烬、烟雾与火山灰。

8.During the volcanic eruption, a large amount of tephra 火山灰 was ejected into the atmosphere, affecting air travel.

在火山喷发期间，喷出了大量的tephra火山灰，影响了航空旅行。

9.Geologists study tephra 火山灰 layers to understand past volcanic activity and its impact on the environment.

地质学家研究tephra火山灰层，以了解过去火山活动及其对环境的影响。

10.The tephra 火山灰 fallout from the eruption covered nearby towns in a thick layer.

喷发产生的tephra火山灰沉降在附近城镇上，覆盖了一层厚厚的灰烬。

11.In some regions, tephra 火山灰 is used as a natural fertilizer for agricultural purposes.

在某些地区，tephra火山灰被用作农业用途的天然肥料。

12.The composition of tephra 火山灰 can provide insights into the type of magma that erupted.

tephra火山灰的成分可以提供关于喷发的岩浆类型的见解。

作文

Tephra, derived from the Greek word for "ash," refers to the fragmented material that is ejected during a volcanic eruption. This material can vary in size from fine ash to larger volcanic rocks and can be dispersed over vast distances by wind. Understanding tephra is crucial for both geological studies and environmental monitoring, as it provides valuable insights into past volcanic activity and its impact on the surrounding ecosystems. During a volcanic eruption, various processes contribute to the formation of tephra. When magma from beneath the Earth's crust rises to the surface, it can encounter water, which leads to explosive eruptions. The rapid expansion of steam and gas can shatter the magma, creating small particles that are propelled into the atmosphere. These particles then fall back to the ground, accumulating in layers that can be studied by scientists. The size of tephra particles is classified into several categories, including volcanic ash (less than 2 mm in diameter), lapilli (between 2 mm and 64 mm), and volcanic bombs (larger than 64 mm). Each type of tephra has different effects on the environment. For instance, fine ash can travel long distances and affect air quality, while larger particles can cause damage to structures and pose risks to aviation. One notable example of tephra is the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980. This catastrophic event released a significant amount of volcanic ash into the atmosphere, which spread across several states in the U.S. The tephra from this eruption not only affected local communities but also had lasting impacts on the landscape and ecology of the region. Scientists have since studied the layers of tephra deposited during the eruption to better understand the volcano's behavior and the potential hazards of future eruptions. In addition to its geological significance, tephra also plays a role in climate studies. Large volcanic eruptions can inject substantial amounts of ash and gases into the stratosphere, leading to temporary cooling of the Earth's surface. This phenomenon has been observed after major eruptions, such as the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, which caused a global temperature drop due to the reflection of sunlight by the suspended particles in the atmosphere. Furthermore, the study of tephra layers in sediment cores allows scientists to reconstruct past volcanic activity and understand its influence on climate and ecosystems over time. By analyzing the composition and distribution of tephra, researchers can identify specific eruptions and their potential impacts on human societies and natural environments. In conclusion, tephra is more than just volcanic ash; it is a key component in understanding volcanic processes and their broader implications. As we continue to study tephra, we gain insights into the Earth’s geological history and improve our ability to predict and mitigate the effects of future volcanic eruptions. The importance of tephra extends beyond geology, influencing climate science, environmental health, and disaster preparedness. Thus, recognizing and studying tephra is essential for a comprehensive understanding of our planet's dynamic systems.

火山碎屑（tephra）这个词源于希腊语，意为“灰烬”，指的是在火山喷发过程中喷出的碎片物质。这种物质的大小可以从细灰到较大的火山岩不等，并且可以通过风在广泛的距离内传播。理解tephra对地质研究和环境监测至关重要，因为它提供了对过去火山活动及其对周围生态系统影响的宝贵见解。 在火山喷发过程中，形成tephra的过程有多种因素。当来自地球地壳下的岩浆上升到地表时，它可能会遇到水，从而导致爆炸性喷发。蒸汽和气体的快速膨胀可以粉碎岩浆，产生被抛入大气中的小颗粒。这些颗粒随后再落回地面，形成可以被科学家研究的沉积层。 tephra颗粒的大小被分为几个类别，包括火山灰（直径小于2毫米）、小石（直径在2毫米到64毫米之间）和火山弹（直径大于64毫米）。每种类型的tephra对环境的影响不同。例如，细灰可以传播很远并影响空气质量，而较大的颗粒则可能对建筑物造成损害，并对航空安全构成风险。 一个显著的tephra例子是1980年圣海伦斯山的喷发。这次灾难性的事件向大气中释放了大量火山灰，覆盖了美国多个州。这次喷发的tephra不仅影响了当地社区，还对该地区的地貌和生态产生了持久影响。科学家们此后研究了喷发期间沉积的tephra层，以更好地理解火山的行为及未来喷发的潜在危险。 除了地质意义外，tephra在气候研究中也扮演着重要角色。大型火山喷发可以将大量的灰烬和气体注入平流层，从而导致地球表面的暂时降温。这一现象在一些重大喷发后得到了观察，例如1991年皮纳图博山的喷发，由于悬浮颗粒对阳光的反射，导致全球气温下降。 此外，在沉积物核心中研究tephra层使科学家能够重建过去的火山活动，并了解其对气候和生态系统的影响。通过分析tephra的成分和分布，研究人员可以识别特定的喷发事件及其对人类社会和自然环境的潜在影响。 总之，tephra不仅仅是火山灰；它是理解火山过程及其更广泛影响的关键组成部分。随着我们继续研究tephra，我们获得了对地球地质历史的深入了解，并提升了预测和减轻未来火山喷发影响的能力。tephra的重要性超越了地质学，影响气候科学、环境健康和灾害准备。因此，认识和研究tephra对于全面理解我们星球的动态系统至关重要。