alkene

简明释义

英[ˈælkiːn]美[ˈælkiːn]

n. [有化] 烯烃；链烯烃

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The third is unsaturated alkene.

第三为不饱和烯烃；

2.The comparison of heterogenized and homogenous catalyst on epoxidation of different alkene was also given.

同时与均相催化剂空气环氧化不同烯烃的性能进行了对比。

3.The suggestion for developing the technics of alkene preparation from natural gas in China was proposed.

并对我国今后天然气制烯烃技术的开发提出了建议。

4.In recent years, special attention has also been devoted to hydroesterification of alkene using methyl formate instead of CO/CH3OH.

近年来，利用甲酸甲酯替代CO/CH3OH与烯烃的加氢酯化反应也逐渐成为研究热点。

5.The hydrocarbon must be an alkene.

这个碳氢化合物必定是烯烃。

6.This paper reviews the catalytic system of methyl formate reacting with alkene for synthesis of esters, in addition, the reaction mechanism is also discussed.

本文系统介绍了甲酸甲酯与烯烃反应合成酯的催化体系，并对反应机理进行了讨论。

7.The reaction of an alcohol with an acid can lead to the formation of an alkene 烯烃.

醇与酸的反应可以导致形成一种烯烃。

8.In organic chemistry, an alkene 烯烃 is defined by the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond.

在有机化学中，烯烃的定义是碳-碳双键的存在。

9.Ethylene is the simplest example of an alkene 烯烃 and is widely used in the production of plastics.

乙烯是最简单的烯烃例子，被广泛用于塑料生产。

10.The addition reaction of bromine to an alkene 烯烃 results in a dibromide compound.

溴与烯烃的加成反应会生成二溴化合物。

11.Many natural oils contain alkenes 烯烃, which contribute to their fragrance.

许多天然油中含有烯烃，这使它们具有香气。

作文

Alkenes are a fascinating class of hydrocarbons that play a crucial role in organic chemistry. They are characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond, which distinguishes them from alkanes, their saturated counterparts. This double bond not only influences the physical and chemical properties of alkenes but also makes them highly reactive. As a result, alkenes are widely used in various industrial applications, including the production of plastics, antifreeze, and many other important chemicals. One of the most common examples of an alkene (烯烃) is ethylene, which consists of two carbon atoms connected by a double bond. Ethylene is not just a simple molecule; it is a vital building block in the production of polyethylene, one of the most widely used plastics in the world. The double bond in ethylene allows it to undergo polymerization, a process where many ethylene molecules join together to form long chains, resulting in polyethylene. This versatility makes alkenes (烯烃) indispensable in the modern world. The reactivity of alkenes (烯烃) is primarily due to the presence of the double bond. This bond can participate in various chemical reactions, such as addition reactions, where atoms or groups of atoms are added to the carbon atoms involved in the double bond. For instance, when hydrogen gas reacts with an alkene (烯烃) like propene, it can convert the double bond into a single bond, resulting in propane. This reaction is known as hydrogenation and is a fundamental process in organic synthesis. Another significant reaction involving alkenes (烯烃) is the electrophilic addition reaction. In this type of reaction, an electrophile attacks the double bond, leading to the formation of more complex molecules. For example, when bromine reacts with an alkene (烯烃), it adds across the double bond, resulting in a dibromide compound. This reaction illustrates how alkenes (烯烃) can serve as intermediates in the synthesis of more complex organic compounds. Furthermore, alkenes (烯烃) can also undergo oxidation reactions. When treated with potassium permanganate, for instance, they can be oxidized to form alcohols or carboxylic acids, depending on the reaction conditions. This ability to undergo various reactions makes alkenes (烯烃) valuable in synthetic organic chemistry, allowing chemists to create a wide range of products from simple starting materials. In addition to their importance in chemical reactions, alkenes (烯烃) also have significant implications in biological systems. For example, certain alkenes (烯烃) are found in natural oils and fats, contributing to their flavor and aroma. Moreover, some plants produce alkenes (烯烃) as part of their defense mechanisms against herbivores. In conclusion, alkenes (烯烃) are a vital category of hydrocarbons that are essential in both industrial and biological contexts. Their unique structure, characterized by the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond, allows them to participate in a variety of chemical reactions, making them crucial building blocks in organic synthesis. As we continue to explore the world of chemistry, alkenes (烯烃) will undoubtedly remain at the forefront of research and application, highlighting their significance in our everyday lives.

烯烃是一类迷人的烃类化合物，在有机化学中扮演着关键角色。它们的特征是至少存在一个碳-碳双键，这使它们与其饱和的对应物烷烃区分开来。这个双键不仅影响烯烃的物理和化学性质，还使它们具有高度的反应性。因此，烯烃在各种工业应用中广泛使用，包括塑料、冷冻剂和许多其他重要化学品的生产。 最常见的烯烃（alkene）例子之一是乙烯，它由两个碳原子通过双键连接而成。乙烯不仅仅是一个简单的分子；它是聚乙烯生产中的重要基础块，聚乙烯是世界上使用最广泛的塑料之一。乙烯中的双键使其能够进行聚合反应，这一过程是许多乙烯分子结合在一起形成长链，从而生成聚乙烯。这种多功能性使烯烃（alkenes）在现代世界中不可或缺。 烯烃（alkenes）的反应性主要源于双键的存在。这个键可以参与各种化学反应，例如加成反应，其中原子或原子团被添加到参与双键的碳原子上。例如，当氢气与烯烃（alkene）如丙烯反应时，它可以将双键转化为单键，从而生成丙烷。这种反应被称为氢化反应，是有机合成中的基本过程。 涉及烯烃（alkenes）的另一个重要反应是亲电加成反应。在这种反应中，亲电试剂攻击双键，导致更复杂分子的形成。例如，当溴与烯烃（alkene）反应时，它会在双键上加成，形成二溴化合物。这种反应说明了烯烃（alkenes）如何作为合成更复杂有机化合物的中间体。 此外，烯烃（alkenes）还可以经历氧化反应。例如，当用高锰酸钾处理时，它们可以被氧化形成醇或羧酸，具体取决于反应条件。这种经历各种反应的能力使烯烃（alkenes）在合成有机化学中变得有价值，使化学家能够从简单的起始材料中创造出各种产品。 除了在化学反应中的重要性外，烯烃（alkenes）在生物系统中也具有重要意义。例如，某些烯烃（alkenes）存在于天然油脂中，贡献其风味和香气。此外，一些植物产生烯烃（alkenes）作为其对抗食草动物的防御机制。 总之，烯烃（alkenes）是一类重要的烃类化合物，在工业和生物背景中都至关重要。它们独特的结构以碳-碳双键为特征，使它们能够参与多种化学反应，使其成为有机合成中的关键构建块。随着我们继续探索化学世界，烯烃（alkenes）无疑将继续处于研究和应用的前沿，突显它们在我们日常生活中的重要性。