autarchy

简明释义

英[ˈɔːtɑːki]美[ˈɔːtɑːrki]

n. 专制，独裁；专制国家

复 数 a u t a r c h i e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The country's move towards autarchy 自给自足 has led to a significant reduction in imports.

该国向自给自足的转变导致进口显著减少。

2.In times of crisis, some nations may resort to autarchy 自给自足 to ensure economic stability.

在危机时期，一些国家可能会诉诸于自给自足以确保经济稳定。

3.The government proposed policies that favored autarchy 自给自足 over globalization.

政府提出了更倾向于自给自足而非全球化的政策。

4.Historically, periods of autarchy 自给自足 have often been associated with war or economic sanctions.

历史上，自给自足的时期通常与战争或经济制裁有关。

5.Some economists argue that autarchy 自给自足 can lead to inefficiencies in production.

一些经济学家认为，自给自足可能导致生产效率低下。

作文

In recent years, the concept of autarchy (自给自足) has gained attention in various discussions about economic systems and sustainability. Autarchy refers to a situation where a nation or region is self-sufficient, relying on its own resources without engaging in international trade. This idea contrasts sharply with globalization, which emphasizes interconnectedness and interdependence among countries. While autarchy may seem appealing in theory, especially in terms of promoting local industries and reducing reliance on foreign goods, it presents significant challenges and potential drawbacks. To understand the implications of autarchy, we must first explore its historical context. Many nations have attempted to adopt autarchic policies during times of crisis, such as wars or economic downturns. For example, during World War II, several countries implemented autarchic measures to ensure they could sustain themselves amidst blockades and trade restrictions. These measures included increasing domestic production and limiting imports, which aimed to bolster national security and economic independence. However, while these policies may have provided short-term relief, they often led to long-term inefficiencies and economic stagnation. One significant drawback of autarchy is the lack of competition that arises when a country relies solely on its own resources. Without the pressure of foreign competition, domestic industries may become complacent, leading to lower quality products and slower innovation. In contrast, countries that engage in international trade benefit from exposure to new ideas, technologies, and practices, fostering a more dynamic and competitive market environment. Furthermore, autarchy can limit consumer choices, forcing individuals to rely on whatever goods are produced locally, even if they are of inferior quality or higher prices. Additionally, autarchy can have adverse effects on the global economy. In an increasingly interconnected world, the prosperity of one nation often depends on the economic health of others. When countries pursue autarchic policies, they risk creating economic isolation, which can lead to tensions and conflicts. Trade relationships are vital for fostering cooperation and understanding between nations, and abandoning them in favor of autarchy can undermine diplomatic efforts and contribute to geopolitical instability. Moreover, the environmental implications of autarchy should not be overlooked. While proponents argue that local production reduces carbon footprints associated with transportation, the reality is more complex. Some regions may not have the natural resources or climate conditions necessary to produce certain goods sustainably. In such cases, autarchy could lead to overexploitation of local resources, resulting in environmental degradation. A balanced approach that incorporates both local production and international trade may be more effective in achieving sustainability goals. In conclusion, while the notion of autarchy (自给自足) presents an intriguing alternative to globalization, it is fraught with challenges that cannot be ignored. The historical context reveals that attempts at autarchy often lead to economic inefficiencies, reduced competition, and limited consumer choices. Furthermore, the implications for global relations and environmental sustainability must be carefully considered. As we navigate the complexities of our modern world, it is essential to strike a balance between self-sufficiency and interconnectedness, ensuring that we can thrive both locally and globally.

近年来，自给自足的概念在有关经济体系和可持续发展的各种讨论中引起了关注。自给自足指的是一个国家或地区在没有参与国际贸易的情况下，依赖自身资源实现自我供给的状况。这个理念与全球化形成鲜明对比，后者强调国家之间的相互联系和相互依赖。虽然在理论上，自给自足似乎很有吸引力，特别是在促进地方产业和减少对外国商品依赖方面，但它也带来了重大挑战和潜在缺陷。 为了理解自给自足的影响，我们首先必须探讨其历史背景。许多国家在危机时期，例如战争或经济衰退期间，曾试图采取自给自足政策。例如，在第二次世界大战期间，一些国家实施了自给自足措施，以确保在封锁和贸易限制中能够维持自身。这些措施包括增加国内生产和限制进口，旨在增强国家安全和经济独立。然而，尽管这些政策可能在短期内提供了缓解，但它们往往导致长期的低效和经济停滞。 自给自足的一个显著缺点是，当一个国家仅依赖自身资源时，缺乏竞争。没有外国竞争的压力，国内产业可能会变得自满，导致产品质量下降和创新缓慢。相比之下，参与国际贸易的国家受益于接触新思想、新技术和新实践，从而促进了更具活力和竞争力的市场环境。此外，自给自足可能限制消费者选择，迫使个人依赖本地生产的商品，即使这些商品质量较差或价格较高。 此外，自给自足对全球经济的负面影响也不容忽视。在一个日益互联的世界中，一个国家的繁荣往往依赖于其他国家的经济健康。当国家追求自给自足政策时，他们冒着创造经济孤立的风险，这可能导致紧张局势和冲突。贸易关系对于促进国家之间的合作与理解至关重要，放弃这些关系以追求自给自足可能会破坏外交努力并导致地缘政治不稳定。 此外，自给自足的环境影响也不应被忽视。虽然支持者认为地方生产减少了运输相关的碳足迹，但现实更加复杂。有些地区可能没有必要的自然资源或气候条件来可持续地生产某些商品。在这种情况下，自给自足可能导致当地资源的过度开发，造成环境退化。采用一种同时结合地方生产和国际贸易的平衡方法，可能在实现可持续发展目标方面更为有效。 总之，尽管自给自足（自给自足）的概念为全球化提供了一个引人入胜的替代方案，但它存在着不可忽视的挑战。历史背景表明，尝试自给自足通常导致经济低效、竞争减少和消费者选择有限。此外，全球关系和环境可持续性的影响必须仔细考虑。在我们应对现代世界的复杂性时，寻找自给自足与相互联系之间的平衡至关重要，以确保我们能够在地方和全球层面上共同繁荣。