autocatalysis

简明释义

英[ˌɔːtəʊkəˈtæləsɪs]美[ˌɔtokəˈtæləsɪs]

n. 链式反应扩大；[物化] 自动催化作用

复 数 a u t o c a t a l y s e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The magnetic field not only can influence on the autocatalysis process of aniline, but also can influence on the morphology and properties of the PANI films.

因此，外加磁场不仅有利于提高苯胺的自催化过程，而且对PANI的形貌、性质等都有一定的影响。

2.The magnetic field not only can influence on the autocatalysis process of aniline, but also can influence on the morphology and properties of the PANI films.

因此，外加磁场不仅有利于提高苯胺的自催化过程，而且对PANI的形貌、性质等都有一定的影响。

3.In the reaction, the presence of the product accelerated its formation through autocatalysis (自催化).

在反应中，产物的存在通过自催化加速了其形成。

4.The study of autocatalysis (自催化) is crucial in understanding many biological processes.

对自催化的研究对理解许多生物过程至关重要。

5.In chemical kinetics, autocatalysis (自催化) can lead to rapid increases in reaction rates.

在化学动力学中，自催化可能导致反应速率的快速增加。

6.The phenomenon of autocatalysis (自催化) can be observed in certain polymerization reactions.

在某些聚合反应中可以观察到自催化现象。

7.Researchers are exploring the role of autocatalysis (自催化) in environmental chemistry.

研究人员正在探索自催化在环境化学中的作用。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, the term autocatalysis refers to a process where a chemical reaction is accelerated by one of its products. This fascinating phenomenon can be observed in various natural and synthetic reactions, making it a topic of significant interest in both academic and industrial settings. Understanding autocatalysis is crucial for chemists as it not only provides insights into reaction mechanisms but also has practical applications in areas such as drug development and environmental science. To illustrate the concept of autocatalysis, consider the classic example of the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions. In this reaction, hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas. Initially, the reaction proceeds slowly, but as the reaction progresses, the iodine produced catalyzes the decomposition of more hydrogen peroxide, leading to an exponential increase in the rate of reaction. This self-accelerating behavior exemplifies autocatalysis, where the product of the reaction (iodine) plays a critical role in speeding up the process. The significance of autocatalysis extends beyond simple chemical reactions. In biological systems, many enzymatic reactions exhibit autocatalytic behavior. For instance, certain metabolic pathways are regulated by the accumulation of end products that enhance their own production. This self-regulating mechanism ensures that the cells maintain homeostasis and respond efficiently to changing environmental conditions. By studying autocatalysis, researchers can gain deeper insights into cellular processes and develop new therapeutic strategies for diseases characterized by dysregulated metabolism. Moreover, autocatalysis plays a pivotal role in the field of polymer chemistry. Many polymerization reactions are autocatalytic, meaning that the formation of the polymer itself can lead to an increase in the rate of further polymerization. This property is exploited in the production of various materials, including plastics and resins. By understanding the kinetics of autocatalysis, manufacturers can optimize production processes to achieve desired material properties and reduce waste. In the context of environmental science, autocatalysis can also be observed in the degradation of pollutants. Certain microorganisms possess the ability to break down complex organic compounds through autocatalytic pathways, leading to a more efficient bioremediation process. By harnessing the principles of autocatalysis, scientists are exploring innovative approaches to clean up contaminated environments and restore ecological balance. In conclusion, autocatalysis is a vital concept in chemistry that highlights the intricate relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. Its implications stretch across various fields, from understanding fundamental biochemical processes to developing advanced materials and addressing environmental challenges. By delving into the mechanisms of autocatalysis, researchers can unlock new potentials in science and technology, paving the way for future innovations and discoveries. As we continue to explore the complexities of chemical reactions, the study of autocatalysis will undoubtedly remain a key area of focus, driving progress in both theoretical and applied chemistry.

在化学领域，术语自催化指的是一种化学反应的过程，其中反应被其产品加速。这一迷人的现象可以在各种自然和合成反应中观察到，使其成为学术界和工业界的重要研究对象。理解自催化对化学家至关重要，因为它不仅提供了关于反应机制的见解，还有助于药物开发和环境科学等领域的实际应用。 为了说明自催化的概念，考虑氢过氧化物与碘离子之间反应的经典例子。在这个反应中，氢过氧化物分解为水和氧气。最初，反应进行缓慢，但随着反应的进展，产生的碘催化了更多氢过氧化物的分解，导致反应速率呈指数增加。这种自我加速的行为体现了自催化，其中反应的产物（碘）在加速过程中发挥了关键作用。 自催化的重要性超越了简单的化学反应。在生物系统中，许多酶促反应表现出自催化行为。例如，某些代谢途径受到积累的最终产物的调节，这些产物增强了自身的生产。这种自我调节机制确保细胞维持稳态，并有效地响应变化的环境条件。通过研究自催化，研究人员可以深入了解细胞过程，并开发新的治疗策略，以应对代谢失调引起的疾病。 此外，自催化在聚合物化学领域也发挥着关键作用。许多聚合反应是自催化的，意味着聚合物的形成本身可以导致进一步聚合反应速率的增加。这一特性在各种材料的生产中得到了利用，包括塑料和树脂。通过理解自催化的动力学，制造商可以优化生产过程，以实现所需的材料特性并减少浪费。 在环境科学的背景下，自催化也可以在污染物降解中观察到。某些微生物具有通过自催化途径降解复杂有机化合物的能力，从而导致更高效的生物修复过程。通过利用自催化的原理，科学家们正在探索创新的方法来清理受污染的环境，并恢复生态平衡。 总之，自催化是化学中的一个重要概念，突显了反应物和产物之间在化学反应中的复杂关系。其影响跨越多个领域，从理解基本的生物化学过程到开发先进材料和解决环境挑战。通过深入探讨自催化的机制，研究人员可以在科学和技术中解锁新的潜力，为未来的创新和发现铺平道路。随着我们继续探索化学反应的复杂性，自催化的研究无疑将仍然是一个关键的关注领域，推动理论和应用化学的进步。