autopolyploidy

简明释义

英[ˌɔːtəʊˈpɒlɪˌplɔɪdi]美[ˌɔːtoʊˈpɑːlɪˌplɔɪdi]

n. [遗] 同源多倍性

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Whether this involves allopolyploidy or autopolyploidy will not be considered.

这是否包括异源多倍性还是同源多倍性将都不考虑。

2.Whether this involves allopolyploidy or autopolyploidy will not be considered.

这是否包括异源多倍性还是同源多倍性将都不考虑。

3.The study of autopolyploidy has revealed important insights into plant evolution.

对自体多倍性的研究揭示了植物进化的重要见解。

4.In agriculture, autopolyploidy can lead to increased crop yields and better stress resistance.

在农业中，自体多倍性可以导致作物产量增加和更好的抗逆性。

5.Researchers are exploring the role of autopolyploidy in the genetic diversity of certain species.

研究人员正在探讨自体多倍性在某些物种遗传多样性中的作用。

6.The process of autopolyploidy involves the duplication of chromosomes within a single species.

在自体多倍性过程中，单一物种内的染色体会发生重复。

7.Many cultivated plants exhibit autopolyploidy, which contributes to their vigor.

许多栽培植物表现出自体多倍性，这有助于它们的生长力。

作文

In the realm of genetics, the concept of autopolyploidy plays a significant role in understanding the complexity of plant evolution and diversity. Autopolyploidy refers to the condition where an organism has more than two sets of chromosomes, all derived from a single species. This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in plants and can lead to various advantages, such as increased size, vigor, and adaptability to different environmental conditions. To comprehend autopolyploidy, it is essential to first grasp the basics of polyploidy. Polyploidy is a condition wherein an organism possesses multiple sets of chromosomes. It can be classified into two main categories: allopolyploidy and autopolyploidy. Allopolyploidy arises from the hybridization of two different species, resulting in a new organism with combined genetic material. In contrast, autopolyploidy occurs when an organism duplicates its own chromosome set, leading to a higher number of identical chromosomes. The process of autopolyploidy can occur through several mechanisms, including errors during cell division, specifically during mitosis or meiosis. When these errors happen, the resulting gametes may contain double the normal number of chromosomes. If these gametes fuse during fertilization, the offspring will exhibit polyploid characteristics. This doubling of chromosomes can result in significant morphological changes, including larger flowers, fruits, and leaves, which can enhance the plant's reproductive success. One of the most fascinating aspects of autopolyploidy is its contribution to speciation. By increasing genetic variation within a population, autopolyploidy can create new ecological niches. For example, many agricultural crops, such as wheat and cotton, are known to have undergone autopolyploidy, which has allowed them to thrive in diverse environments. The increased genetic diversity often leads to greater resilience against diseases and environmental stressors, making these crops more sustainable in the long run. Moreover, autopolyploidy can also facilitate hybrid vigor, where the offspring of genetically diverse parents exhibit improved or superior qualities compared to their progenitors. This phenomenon is particularly beneficial in agriculture, where breeders often seek to enhance crop yield and quality. By intentionally inducing autopolyploidy through techniques such as chemical treatments or controlled breeding, scientists can develop new varieties that are more productive and resilient. However, the implications of autopolyploidy extend beyond agriculture. In natural ecosystems, this genetic phenomenon can influence biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics. By allowing species to adapt to changing environments, autopolyploidy can play a crucial role in the survival of plant species amidst climate change and habitat destruction. In conclusion, autopolyploidy is a vital concept in genetics that underscores the importance of chromosomal duplication in the evolution and diversity of plant species. Its ability to enhance genetic variation, promote hybrid vigor, and contribute to speciation makes it a key player in both natural ecosystems and agricultural practices. Understanding autopolyploidy not only enriches our knowledge of plant biology but also equips us with tools to address challenges in food security and environmental sustainability.

在遗传学领域，自体多倍体的概念在理解植物进化和多样性复杂性方面发挥着重要作用。自体多倍体是指生物体拥有超过两套染色体，且这些染色体均来源于同一物种。这种现象在植物中尤为普遍，可以带来多种优势，例如增大体型、提高活力以及适应不同环境条件的能力。 要理解自体多倍体，首先需要掌握多倍体的基本知识。多倍体是指生物体拥有多套染色体的状态。它可以分为两大类：异源多倍体和自体多倍体。异源多倍体是由两个不同物种的杂交产生的，形成一种具有组合遗传物质的新生物。而自体多倍体则发生在生物体复制自身的染色体组时，导致染色体数量增加。 自体多倍体的过程可以通过几种机制发生，包括细胞分裂过程中，特别是在有丝分裂或减数分裂期间的错误。当这些错误发生时，所产生的配子可能包含正常数量的两倍染色体。如果这些配子在受精时结合，后代将表现出多倍体特征。这种染色体的加倍可能导致显著的形态变化，包括花、果实和叶子的增大，这可以增强植物的繁殖成功率。 自体多倍体最引人注目的方面之一是它对物种形成的贡献。通过增加种群内的遗传变异，自体多倍体可以创造新的生态位。例如，许多农业作物，如小麦和棉花，已知经历了自体多倍体，这使它们能够在多样化的环境中茁壮成长。遗传多样性的增加通常导致对疾病和环境压力的更大抵抗力，使这些作物在长期内更具可持续性。 此外，自体多倍体还可以促进杂交优势，即基因多样性父母的后代表现出比其祖先更好的品质。这种现象在农业中尤其有利，育种者通常寻求提高作物的产量和质量。通过故意诱导自体多倍体，如化学处理或控制育种，科学家可以开发出更具生产力和抵抗力的新型品种。 然而，自体多倍体的影响不仅限于农业。在自然生态系统中，这一遗传现象可以影响生物多样性和生态系统动态。通过使物种能够适应变化的环境，自体多倍体在气候变化和栖息地破坏中对植物物种的生存发挥着至关重要的作用。 总之，自体多倍体是遗传学中一个重要的概念，强调了染色体复制在植物物种的进化和多样性中的重要性。它增强遗传变异、促进杂交优势和助力物种形成的能力，使其成为自然生态系统和农业实践中的关键因素。理解自体多倍体不仅丰富了我们对植物生物学的知识，还为我们应对粮食安全和环境可持续性挑战提供了工具。