auxotroph

简明释义

英[ˈɔːksətrəʊf;-trɒf]美[ˈɔksətrɑf;ˈɔksˌtrof]

n. [遗] 营养缺陷型；营养缺陷体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Under the instruction of metabolic control theory, the screening of leucine auxotroph was determined as the method of selecting the mutant strain of low-yield fusel oil.

以代谢控制理论为指导，确定以选育亮氨酸营养缺陷型菌株作为初筛方法，选育低产杂醇油啤酒酵母突变菌株。

2.Under the instruction of metabolic control theory, the screening of leucine auxotroph was determined as the method of selecting the mutant strain of low-yield fusel oil.

以代谢控制理论为指导，确定以选育亮氨酸营养缺陷型菌株作为初筛方法，选育低产杂醇油啤酒酵母突变菌株。

3.The characters of parents, such as morphology of colony, growth rate of mycelium and auxotroph, were maintained in protoplasted monokaryon.

单核原生质体再生菌丝的菌落形态、菌丝生长速度和营养缺陷型标记等性状均稳定地保持了亲本的特性。

4.Two main select markers were auxotroph and drug resistance.

筛选标记主要有营养缺陷型、药物抗性标记；

5.The researcher created an auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株 that required specific amino acids for growth.

研究人员创建了一个需要特定氨基酸才能生长的auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株。

6.In the lab, we used an auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株 to study metabolic pathways.

在实验室中，我们使用了一个auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株来研究代谢途径。

7.To identify the gene responsible for a specific function, scientists often create auxotrophs 营养缺陷菌株 with mutations.

为了识别负责特定功能的基因，科学家们常常创建带有突变的auxotrophs 营养缺陷菌株。

8.An auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株 can be used as a tool in genetic studies to trace inheritance patterns.

一个auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株可以作为遗传研究中的工具，用于追踪遗传模式。

9.By adding the missing nutrient, we were able to restore the growth of the auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株.

通过添加缺失的营养素，我们能够恢复auxotroph 营养缺陷菌株的生长。

作文

In the field of microbiology and genetics, the term auxotroph refers to an organism that has lost the ability to synthesize a particular compound required for its growth due to a mutation. This loss typically occurs in bacteria, yeast, and other microorganisms, making them dependent on external sources of this compound for their survival. Understanding auxotrophs is crucial for researchers as it allows them to study metabolic pathways and gene functions more effectively. For instance, when scientists create an auxotroph, they often do so by inducing mutations in a wild-type strain of an organism. This wild-type strain can produce all necessary nutrients for growth. However, through genetic manipulation or exposure to mutagens, researchers can generate an auxotroph that can no longer produce a specific nutrient, such as an amino acid or nucleotide. The study of these organisms helps in elucidating the biochemical pathways involved in the synthesis of these essential compounds. Moreover, auxotrophs serve as valuable tools in genetic engineering and biotechnology. For example, they are often used in experiments involving complementation tests, where researchers introduce a functional copy of the mutated gene into the auxotroph. If the introduced gene restores the ability to synthesize the missing compound, it confirms that the mutation was responsible for the loss of function. This process not only aids in identifying the roles of specific genes but also enhances our understanding of genetic interactions. Additionally, auxotrophs play a significant role in the development of pharmaceuticals. By using auxotrophic strains of bacteria, scientists can produce specific metabolites or proteins that are otherwise difficult to obtain. For instance, certain antibiotics are synthesized using auxotrophs because they can be engineered to produce high yields of the desired product while minimizing by-products. One of the classic examples of auxotrophs in research is the use of yeast strains that require specific amino acids for growth. These yeast auxotrophs have been instrumental in studying protein synthesis and metabolic regulation. By manipulating the growth conditions and supplementing the culture with different nutrients, researchers can observe how these changes affect the cellular processes within the auxotroph. In conclusion, the concept of auxotroph is fundamental in the study of genetics and microbiology. It not only provides insights into metabolic pathways and gene functions but also facilitates advancements in biotechnology and pharmaceutical development. As researchers continue to explore the potential of auxotrophs, we can expect further innovations that will enhance our understanding of biological systems and improve various applications in medicine and industry. The significance of auxotrophs extends beyond their definition; they are essential players in the quest for knowledge in the life sciences.

在微生物学和遗传学领域，术语auxotroph指的是由于突变而失去了合成其生长所需特定化合物能力的生物体。这种丧失通常发生在细菌、酵母和其他微生物中，使它们依赖外部来源提供这种化合物以维持生存。理解auxotrophs对于研究人员至关重要，因为这使他们能够更有效地研究代谢途径和基因功能。 例如，当科学家创建一个auxotroph时，他们通常是通过诱导野生型菌株的突变来实现的。这个野生型菌株可以生产所有必要的营养物质以供生长。然而，通过基因操作或暴露于诱变剂，研究人员可以生成一个不再能产生特定营养物质（如氨基酸或核苷酸）的auxotroph。对这些生物体的研究有助于阐明合成这些基本化合物所涉及的生化途径。 此外，auxotrophs在基因工程和生物技术中也作为有价值的工具。例如，它们通常用于补偿实验，在这些实验中，研究人员将突变基因的功能拷贝引入auxotroph中。如果引入的基因恢复了合成缺失化合物的能力，这就确认了突变是导致功能丧失的原因。这个过程不仅有助于识别特定基因的作用，还增强了我们对基因相互作用的理解。 此外，auxotrophs在制药开发中也发挥着重要作用。通过使用auxotrophic细菌菌株，科学家们可以生产特定的代谢物或蛋白质，这些物质在其他情况下很难获得。例如，某些抗生素是利用auxotrophs合成的，因为它们可以被设计为高产所需产品，同时最小化副产品的产生。 一个经典的auxotrophs研究例子是使用需要特定氨基酸才能生长的酵母菌株。这些酵母auxotrophs在研究蛋白质合成和代谢调节方面发挥了重要作用。通过操控生长条件并向培养基中添加不同的营养物质，研究人员可以观察这些变化如何影响auxotroph内的细胞过程。 总之，auxotroph的概念在遗传学和微生物学研究中是基础性的。它不仅提供了对代谢途径和基因功能的见解，而且促进了生物技术和制药开发的进步。随着研究人员继续探索auxotrophs的潜力，我们可以期待进一步的创新，这将增强我们对生物系统的理解，并改善医学和工业中的各种应用。auxotrophs的重要性超越了它们的定义；它们是生命科学知识探索中不可或缺的参与者。