aversive

简明释义

英[əˈvɜːsɪv]美[əˈvɜːrsɪv]

adj. 反感的；嫌恶的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.These findings suggest that dopamine neurons are specifically excited by reward and that a population of nondopamine neurons is excited by aversive stimuli.

这些发现暗示多巴胺能神经元会被奖赏机制特异地激活而一群非多巴胺能神经元会被令人厌恶的刺激激活。

2.Learning that occurs when the subject responds in order to avoid an unpleasant stimulus. The process of learning to emit a behaviour in order to prevent an aversive event.

个体通过在回避一个不愉快的刺激，所习得和记忆时建立的一种条件性回避行为。

3.According to the study, boredom is "an aversive state of wanting, but being unable, to engage in satisfying activity," arising from failures in one of the brain's attention networks.

调查研究表明，厌倦是指“渴望但又无法从事令人满意的活动的一种反感状态”，起因是大脑注意力网络故障。

4.Conclusion: There are many cognition dysfunctional symptoms and aversive family environment in female heroin addict inmates in Reform Institute through Labor and Education.

结论：女性海洛因依赖劳教人员存在明显的功能失调性认知模式与不良家庭环境。

5.Usually people will do anything to avoid being bored, as it's such an aversive experience. But creative people, like writers, sometimes talk about seeking out boredom.

通常人们会做各种事情去避免无聊，因为这是一种非常糟糕的体验。但是有创造力的人们，比如作家，有时候会说起想要寻求无聊感。

6.The identified dopamine neurons were inhibited by the aversive stimulus.

那些被鉴定的多巴胺能神经元确实被刺激所抑制。

7.Reward coding theories predict that dopamine neurons will be inhibited by or will not respond to aversive stimuli.

奖赏译码理论预测多巴胺神能经元对于令人厌恶的刺激会被抑制或者不反应。

8.From the description in Box 2, we anticipate a similar improvement in the capacity to disengage from aversive emotional stimuli following om training, enabling greater emotional flexibility.

从方框2的描述我们可以预期，高强度OM冥想训练还可以提高类似的摆脱厌恶情绪刺激的能力，从而表现为更好的情绪灵活性。

9.During our evolutionary past, animals could have represented either predator (aversive) or prey (rewarding).

在人类的进化过程中，动物则代表着捕食者(厌恶)或者猎物(收获)，它们两者的关系息息相关。

10.The dog was trained using an aversive 厌恶的 method that involved loud noises to discourage barking.

这只狗是通过一种使用大声噪音的厌恶的方法进行训练的，以此来阻止吠叫。

11.Some psychologists argue that aversive 厌恶的 techniques can lead to anxiety in children.

一些心理学家认为，厌恶的技术可能会导致儿童产生焦虑。

12.In behavioral therapy, aversive 厌恶的 stimuli are sometimes used to reduce unwanted behaviors.

在行为疗法中，有时会使用厌恶的刺激来减少不想要的行为。

13.The use of aversive 厌恶的 conditioning in training animals has been a topic of much debate.

在动物训练中使用厌恶的条件反射一直是一个备受争议的话题。

14.He described the aversive 厌恶的 smell of rotten food as unbearable.

他形容腐烂食物的厌恶的气味让人无法忍受。

作文

In the realm of psychology, the term aversive (厌恶的) is often used to describe stimuli that an organism seeks to avoid. This concept is crucial in understanding behavior modification and learning processes. For instance, consider a scenario where a child touches a hot stove. The immediate pain serves as an aversive (厌恶的) stimulus, prompting the child to learn to avoid such actions in the future. This form of learning, known as operant conditioning, illustrates how negative experiences can shape our behaviors over time. Aversive stimuli can take many forms, including physical pain, emotional distress, or social rejection. In animal training, trainers often use aversive (厌恶的) methods to discourage unwanted behaviors. For example, if a dog barks excessively, a trainer might employ a loud noise or a spray of water to create an aversive (厌恶的) experience for the dog, thereby reducing the likelihood of barking in the future. However, this approach raises ethical concerns. Many argue that using aversive (厌恶的) techniques can lead to fear and anxiety in animals, potentially damaging the human-animal bond. In human contexts, aversive (厌恶的) stimuli can also manifest in various ways. For instance, in educational settings, students may encounter aversive (厌恶的) experiences such as harsh criticism or strict discipline. These experiences can lead to anxiety and a reluctance to engage in learning. Educators are increasingly recognizing the importance of creating a positive learning environment, one that minimizes aversive (厌恶的) stimuli in favor of supportive and encouraging approaches. Moreover, the concept of aversive (厌恶的) stimuli extends into the realm of addiction and mental health. Individuals struggling with substance abuse may initially seek out drugs or alcohol for pleasure, but the negative consequences—such as withdrawal symptoms or social isolation—become aversive (厌恶的) over time. Understanding this dynamic can help therapists develop more effective treatment strategies that address both the desire for pleasure and the need to avoid aversive (厌恶的) outcomes. In conclusion, the term aversive (厌恶的) encompasses a wide range of stimuli that prompt avoidance behavior. Whether in the context of animal training, education, or mental health, recognizing the impact of aversive (厌恶的) experiences is essential for fostering healthier behaviors and relationships. By minimizing aversive (厌恶的) stimuli and promoting positive reinforcement, we can create environments that enhance learning, growth, and well-being for both humans and animals alike. Understanding the implications of aversive (厌恶的) experiences allows us to navigate our interactions more thoughtfully, ultimately leading to more compassionate and effective outcomes.

在心理学领域，术语aversive（厌恶的）通常用于描述生物体试图避免的刺激。这个概念对于理解行为修正和学习过程至关重要。例如，考虑一个场景，一个孩子触摸了热炉。立即的疼痛作为一种aversive（厌恶的）刺激，促使孩子学习在未来避免这样的行为。这种学习形式被称为操作性条件反射，展示了负面经历如何随着时间的推移塑造我们的行为。 厌恶刺激可以有多种形式，包括身体疼痛、情感痛苦或社会拒绝。在动物训练中，训练师常常使用aversive（厌恶的）方法来阻止不希望的行为。例如，如果一只狗过度吠叫，训练师可能会使用大声噪音或喷水来创造一种aversive（厌恶的）体验，从而减少未来吠叫的可能性。然而，这种方法引发了伦理问题。许多人认为，使用aversive（厌恶的）技术可能导致动物的恐惧和焦虑，可能会破坏人类与动物之间的联系。 在人的环境中，aversive（厌恶的）刺激也可以以各种方式表现出来。例如，在教育环境中，学生可能会遇到aversive（厌恶的）经历，如严厉的批评或严格的纪律。这些经历可能导致焦虑和不愿意参与学习。教育工作者越来越认识到创造积极学习环境的重要性，这种环境最小化aversive（厌恶的）刺激，而倾向于支持和鼓励的方法。 此外，aversive（厌恶的）刺激的概念还扩展到成瘾和心理健康领域。挣扎于物质滥用的个体可能最初寻求药物或酒精以获得快感，但负面后果——如戒断症状或社会孤立——随着时间的推移变得aversive（厌恶的）。理解这种动态可以帮助治疗师制定更有效的治疗策略，既解决对快乐的渴望，又满足避免aversive（厌恶的）结果的需求。 总之，术语aversive（厌恶的）涵盖了一系列促使回避行为的刺激。无论是在动物训练、教育还是心理健康的背景下，认识到aversive（厌恶的）经历的影响对于促进更健康的行为和关系至关重要。通过最小化aversive（厌恶的）刺激并促进积极强化，我们可以创造增强人类和动物学习、成长和福祉的环境。理解aversive（厌恶的）经历的含义使我们能够更深思熟虑地处理互动，最终导致更富有同情心和有效的结果。