axolemma

简明释义

英[ˌæksəˈlɛmə]美[ˌæksəˈlɛmə]

n. [解剖] 轴膜

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Results After the human embryo DRG cells were elongated, the normal morphology of neuron and function of axolemma were maintained.

结果人胚神经元细胞经过延长后可保持其正常形态及维持轴膜的功能。

2.Results After the human embryo DRG cells were elongated, the normal morphology of neuron and function of axolemma were maintained.

结果人胚神经元细胞经过延长后可保持其正常形态及维持轴膜的功能。

3.The integrity of the axolemma is crucial for the proper functioning of nerve cells.

轴突膜的完整性对神经细胞的正常功能至关重要。

4.Damage to the axolemma can lead to impaired signal transmission in neurons.

轴突膜的损伤可能导致神经元信号传输受损。

5.Researchers are studying how the axolemma responds to various types of stress.

研究人员正在研究轴突膜如何对各种压力类型做出反应。

6.The axolemma plays a key role in the regeneration of damaged axons.

轴突膜在受损轴突的再生中起着关键作用。

7.In myelinated fibers, the axolemma is exposed at the nodes of Ranvier.

在有髓鞘的纤维中，轴突膜在郎飞结处暴露。

作文

The human nervous system is a complex network that allows for communication between different parts of the body. At the core of this system are neurons, which are specialized cells responsible for transmitting information. Each neuron has several components, one of which is the axon. The axon is a long, slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. Surrounding the axon is a membrane known as the axolemma, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the neuron's function. The axolemma (轴突膜) is essential for the propagation of action potentials, the electrical signals that neurons use to communicate with one another. Understanding the structure and function of the axolemma is vital for appreciating how neurons work. The axolemma is not just a passive barrier; it contains various proteins and channels that facilitate the movement of ions across the membrane. This movement is critical for the generation and transmission of action potentials. When a neuron is stimulated, sodium channels in the axolemma open, allowing sodium ions to flow into the cell. This influx of positive charge causes a rapid change in the membrane potential, leading to the initiation of an action potential. Moreover, the axolemma also plays a role in the recovery of the neuron after an action potential has been fired. After the peak of the action potential, potassium channels open, allowing potassium ions to exit the cell. This process helps to restore the resting membrane potential and prepares the neuron for the next signal. Without the proper functioning of the axolemma, neurons would struggle to communicate effectively, leading to a breakdown in the overall functioning of the nervous system. In addition to its role in action potentials, the axolemma is involved in other critical processes such as synaptic transmission. When an action potential reaches the end of the axon, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. The axolemma contains receptors that can bind these neurotransmitters, allowing the signal to be transmitted to the next neuron. This intricate process highlights the importance of the axolemma not only in the conduction of electrical signals but also in chemical signaling between neurons. Research into the axolemma has significant implications for understanding various neurological disorders. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis involve the degeneration of myelin, the insulating layer that surrounds the axons of neurons. This damage affects the integrity of the axolemma and disrupts the normal flow of electrical signals. By studying the axolemma, scientists hope to develop better treatments for these conditions and improve the quality of life for those affected. In conclusion, the axolemma is a fundamental component of neuronal function. Its role in action potential propagation, recovery, and synaptic transmission underscores its importance in the nervous system. As we continue to explore the complexities of neuronal communication, a deeper understanding of the axolemma will undoubtedly lead to advancements in neuroscience and medicine. The study of this remarkable membrane not only enhances our knowledge of how neurons operate but also opens doors to potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.

人类神经系统是一个复杂的网络，允许身体不同部分之间进行交流。这个系统的核心是神经元，神经元是负责传递信息的特化细胞。每个神经元都有几个组件，其中一个是轴突。轴突是一个细长的突起，负责将电信号从神经元的细胞体传导出去。包围轴突的是一种称为axolemma的膜，它在维持神经元功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。axolemma（轴突膜）对动作电位的传播至关重要，动作电位是神经元用来相互沟通的电信号。 理解axolemma的结构和功能对于欣赏神经元的工作至关重要。axolemma不仅仅是一个被动的屏障；它包含各种蛋白质和通道，促进离子穿过膜的运动。这种运动对于动作电位的产生和传输至关重要。当神经元受到刺激时，axolemma中的钠通道打开，允许钠离子流入细胞。这种正电荷的涌入导致膜电位的快速变化，从而引发动作电位。 此外，axolemma还在动作电位发射后的神经元恢复中发挥作用。在动作电位达到峰值后，钾通道打开，允许钾离子离开细胞。这个过程有助于恢复静息膜电位，并为神经元准备下一个信号。如果axolemma无法正常功能，神经元将难以有效沟通，导致神经系统整体功能的崩溃。 除了在动作电位中的作用，axolemma还参与其他关键过程，例如突触传递。当动作电位到达轴突末端时，它会触发神经递质释放到突触间隙。axolemma含有可以结合这些神经递质的受体，从而允许信号传递给下一个神经元。这一复杂过程突显了axolemma在电信号传导和神经元之间化学信号传递中的重要性。 对axolemma的研究对理解各种神经系统疾病具有重要意义。多发性硬化症等疾病涉及神经元轴突周围髓鞘的退化。这种损伤影响axolemma的完整性，并干扰正常的电信号流动。通过研究axolemma，科学家希望开发更好的治疗方法，以改善受影响者的生活质量。 总之，axolemma是神经元功能的基本组成部分。它在动作电位传播、恢复和突触传递中的作用突显了其在神经系统中的重要性。随着我们继续探索神经元通信的复杂性，对axolemma的深入理解无疑将促进神经科学和医学的进步。对这一神奇膜的研究不仅增强了我们对神经元如何运作的知识，也为神经退行性疾病的潜在治疗策略打开了大门。