axoneme

简明释义

英[ˈæksəˌniːm]美[æksɑːˈniːm]

n. 基因丝；鞭毛轴丝

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The early axoneme of a basal body-axoneme complex consists nine doublets with only inner and outer dynein arms, no central microtubules.

一个早期基体—轴丝复合体的轴丝是由具有内、外动力蛋白臂的9个双微管组成，缺少中央微管。

2.The early axoneme of a basal body-axoneme complex consists nine doublets with only inner and outer dynein arms, no central microtubules.

一个早期基体—轴丝复合体的轴丝是由具有内、外动力蛋白臂的9个双微管组成，缺少中央微管。

3.The central structure of the principal piece is axoneme.

主段的中心结构是轴丝。

4.The structure of the axoneme 轴突膜 is crucial for the movement of cilia and flagella.

轴突膜的结构对纤毛和鞭毛的运动至关重要。

5.Researchers found that the axoneme 轴突膜 consists of microtubules arranged in a specific pattern.

研究人员发现，轴突膜由以特定模式排列的微管组成。

6.The bending motion of the cilia is driven by the sliding of the axoneme 轴突膜 components.

纤毛的弯曲运动是由轴突膜组件的滑动驱动的。

7.Defects in the axoneme 轴突膜 can lead to various ciliopathies.

轴突膜的缺陷可能导致各种纤毛病。

8.Electron microscopy revealed the intricate details of the axoneme 轴突膜 structure.

电子显微镜揭示了轴突膜结构的复杂细节。

作文

The study of cellular structures has always fascinated scientists, particularly when it comes to understanding the intricate designs that enable life. One such structure that plays a critical role in the functionality of cilia and flagella is the axoneme. The axoneme (轴突) is the core structural component of these organelles, composed of microtubules arranged in a specific pattern. This arrangement is typically characterized by a '9+2' configuration, where nine doublet microtubules form a ring around two central singlet microtubules. Understanding the axoneme is essential for grasping how cells move and interact with their environment. Cilia and flagella are not just simple appendages; they are complex machines that require precise coordination and structure. The axoneme serves as the backbone of these organelles, providing the necessary support and organization for movement. When cilia or flagella beat, they do so due to the coordinated sliding of the microtubules within the axoneme, a process powered by motor proteins such as dynein. In recent years, research has expanded our knowledge about the axoneme and its functions. Scientists have discovered that defects in the axoneme can lead to various diseases, including primary ciliary dyskinesia, which affects the respiratory system and fertility. This highlights the importance of the axoneme not only in normal cellular function but also in human health. By studying the axoneme, researchers hope to develop therapies that can address these conditions effectively. Moreover, the axoneme is not limited to human biology; it is found across many species, indicating its evolutionary significance. For instance, in sperm cells, the axoneme enables motility, allowing sperm to swim toward the egg for fertilization. In protists, the axoneme facilitates movement through water, showcasing the diversity of its functions in different organisms. In conclusion, the axoneme is a vital structure that underpins the mechanics of cilia and flagella. Its unique arrangement of microtubules allows for efficient movement, which is crucial for many biological processes. As research continues to uncover the complexities of the axoneme, we gain a deeper appreciation for the elegance of cellular design and its implications for health and disease. Understanding the axoneme is not just an academic pursuit; it has real-world applications that could lead to significant advancements in medicine and biology.

细胞结构的研究一直吸引着科学家，特别是在理解使生命得以运作的复杂设计时。其中一个在纤毛和鞭毛的功能中起关键作用的结构是轴突。轴突（axoneme）是这些细胞器的核心结构成分，由特定模式排列的微管组成。这种排列通常以“9+2”的配置为特征，其中九个双联微管形成一个环，围绕两个中心单联微管。 理解轴突对于掌握细胞如何移动以及与环境互动至关重要。纤毛和鞭毛不仅仅是简单的附属物；它们是需要精确协调和结构的复杂机器。轴突作为这些细胞器的支柱，提供了必要的支持和组织，使运动成为可能。当纤毛或鞭毛摆动时，它们是由于轴突内微管的协调滑动，这一过程由动力蛋白如驱动蛋白（dynein）提供动力。 近年来，研究扩展了我们对轴突及其功能的认识。科学家发现，轴突中的缺陷可能导致各种疾病，包括初级纤毛运动不良症，这影响呼吸系统和生育能力。这突显了轴突在正常细胞功能和人类健康中的重要性。通过研究轴突，研究人员希望开发出能够有效应对这些疾病的疗法。 此外，轴突并不限于人类生物学；它在许多物种中都存在，表明其进化的重要性。例如，在精子细胞中，轴突使运动成为可能，允许精子游向卵子进行受精。在原生动物中，轴突促进水中的运动，展示了其在不同生物体中功能的多样性。 总之，轴突是支撑纤毛和鞭毛机械功能的重要结构。其独特的微管排列允许高效运动，这对许多生物过程至关重要。随着研究继续揭示轴突的复杂性，我们对细胞设计的优雅及其对健康和疾病的影响有了更深入的理解。理解轴突不仅仅是学术追求；它具有现实世界的应用，可能导致医学和生物学的重大进展。