axons

简明释义

英[ˈæksɒnz]美[ˈækˌsɑnz]

n. [解剖]轴突；轴索（axon 的复数形式）

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Therefore, it is important to improve the microenvironment of injured area for the regeneration of axons.

为了促进中枢神经系统损伤后轴突再生，改善损伤区再生微环境很重要。

2.The histomorphological analysis on the regrown axons showed that?there was no statistically significant difference between Groups B and C.

组织学观察示B、C组再生神经的新生轴突形态无明显区别，均接近正常神经组织。

3.Result: Morphology of SC was normal and bundle arrangement in host. Axons could regrow into grafts.

结果： 实验组宿主中SC形态正常，束状排列，轴索可长入移植物中。

4.The axon is much longer than the dendrites and, in fact, some axons are many feet long.

轴突比树突长的多，实际上，一些轴突长达几英寸。

5.These newly identified neurons are characterized by their divergent projections to two target nuclei via their branched axons.

这些神经元以经其各自的分叉轴突分别向两个靶核投射为特征。

6.He observed that the axons in his samples ended in the gray matter, and that their endings were consistent with the location of dendrites.

他发现，在他的标本中，轴突最终终止于灰质，并且它们的结合位点与树突的位置相一致。

7.Sciatic pain is induced by mechanical or biological factors either by direct stimulation of axons or by neuroischemia.

机械因素或生物因素可诱发坐骨神经痛，既可以通过直接刺激神经轴突也可由于神经缺血所诱导。

8.Results Electrophysiological test implied that the regeneration axons in the recipient nerve were the lateral axon ingrowth of healthy donor nerve.

结果端侧缝合术后，受体神经中的新生轴突来源于供体神经的健康轴突的侧枝性再生。

9.The brain communicates through the network of axons which are essential for transmitting signals.

大脑通过轴突的网络进行交流，这对于传递信号至关重要。

10.Damage to the axons can lead to neurological disorders.

对轴突的损伤可能导致神经系统疾病。

11.Researchers are studying how axons regenerate after injury.

研究人员正在研究受伤后轴突如何再生。

12.Myelination of axons increases the speed of electrical impulses.

轴突的髓鞘化增加了电冲动的速度。

13.In multiple sclerosis, the immune system attacks the axons in the central nervous system.

在多发性硬化症中，免疫系统攻击中枢神经系统中的轴突。

作文

The human nervous system is a complex network that plays a crucial role in our daily lives. At the core of this intricate system are neurons, which are specialized cells responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. One of the key components of neurons is the axons, which are long, slender projections that conduct electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. Understanding the function of axons is essential for grasping how our nervous system operates and how it affects our behavior, thoughts, and bodily functions. Neurons are composed of several parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axons. The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles essential for the neuron's life. Dendrites are tree-like structures that receive signals from other neurons, while axons serve as the transmission lines. They can vary significantly in length, with some axons extending over a meter in humans, allowing for rapid communication between distant parts of the body. When a neuron is activated, an electrical signal known as an action potential travels down the axon. This process is facilitated by the myelin sheath, a fatty layer that insulates the axon and speeds up the transmission of signals. The presence of myelin allows for saltatory conduction, where the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to another, dramatically increasing the speed of signal transmission. This mechanism is vital for quick reflexes and coordinated movements. In addition to their role in signal transmission, axons also play a part in communication between different parts of the brain and spinal cord. For instance, motor axons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles, enabling movement. Sensory axons, on the other hand, carry information from sensory receptors to the brain, allowing us to perceive the world around us. Damage to axons can lead to serious neurological issues. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis involve the degradation of the myelin sheath, resulting in impaired signal transmission. This can cause symptoms ranging from muscle weakness to difficulties with coordination and balance. Understanding the structure and function of axons not only helps in diagnosing such conditions but also paves the way for developing treatments that can repair or regenerate damaged axons. Research into axons has expanded our knowledge of various neurological disorders and has provided insights into potential therapeutic approaches. For example, scientists are exploring ways to enhance the regeneration of axons after injury, which could revolutionize treatment for spinal cord injuries and other nerve damage. Furthermore, understanding the signaling pathways involved in axon growth and repair could lead to breakthroughs in regenerative medicine. In conclusion, axons are fundamental components of the nervous system that facilitate communication between neurons and play a critical role in our ability to respond to the environment. Their structure, function, and potential for regeneration are areas of active research that hold promise for the future of neuroscience and medicine. By studying axons, we gain valuable insights into how our bodies operate and how we might treat various neurological conditions, ultimately improving the quality of life for many individuals. The exploration of axons underscores the importance of understanding the basic building blocks of life and how they contribute to the intricate tapestry of human physiology.

人类神经系统是一个复杂的网络，在我们的日常生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。在这个复杂系统的核心是神经元，它们是专门负责在全身传递信息的细胞。神经元的一个关键组成部分是轴突，它是长而细的突起，负责将电信号从神经元的细胞体传导出去。理解轴突的功能对于掌握我们神经系统的运作以及它如何影响我们的行为、思想和身体功能是至关重要的。 神经元由几个部分组成：细胞体、树突和轴突。细胞体包含细胞核和对神经元生命至关重要的细胞器。树突是接收来自其他神经元信号的树状结构，而轴突则充当传输线路。它们的长度可以有很大差异，有些轴突在人体内延伸超过一米，使得远距离之间能够快速通信。 当神经元被激活时，一种称为动作电位的电信号沿着轴突传播。这个过程由髓鞘促进，髓鞘是一种脂肪层，能够绝缘轴突并加快信号传输的速度。髓鞘的存在允许跳跃性传导，即动作电位在朗飞节点之间跳跃，显著提高了信号传输的速度。这一机制对于快速反应和协调运动至关重要。 除了在信号传输中的作用外，轴突还在大脑和脊髓不同部分之间的交流中发挥作用。例如，运动轴突将信号从中枢神经系统传输到肌肉，从而实现运动。感官轴突则将来自感官受体的信息传递到大脑，使我们能够感知周围的世界。 轴突的损伤可能导致严重的神经系统问题。多发性硬化症等疾病涉及髓鞘的降解，导致信号传输受损。这可能导致从肌肉无力到协调和平衡困难等各种症状。理解轴突的结构和功能不仅有助于诊断这些情况，还为开发能够修复或再生受损轴突的治疗方法铺平了道路。 对轴突的研究扩展了我们对各种神经系统疾病的知识，并为潜在的治疗方法提供了见解。例如，科学家们正在探索增强轴突在损伤后再生的方法，这可能会彻底改变脊髓损伤和其他神经损伤的治疗。此外，了解涉及轴突生长和修复的信号通路可能会导致再生医学的突破。 总之，轴突是神经系统的基本组成部分，促进神经元之间的交流，并在我们响应环境的能力中发挥关键作用。它们的结构、功能和再生潜力是活跃研究的领域，承诺为神经科学和医学的未来带来希望。通过研究轴突，我们获得了关于我们身体如何运作以及如何治疗各种神经系统疾病的宝贵见解，最终改善了许多人的生活质量。对轴突的探索强调了理解生命基本构件的重要性，以及它们如何贡献于人类生理的复杂织锦。