behaviorist

简明释义

英[bɪˈheɪvjərɪst]美[bɪˈheɪvjərɪst]

n. 行为主义者

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.And from a behaviorist point of view this is because of the associative history of these things.

在行为主义者看来，这是在这些事物之间的联结历史造成的。

2.If we find that a particular learning situating is suited to a behaviorist approach, then.

如果发现某一特定情况下适于行为主义的方法，那我们就用行为主义的技术。

3.In his book, he gives way to traffic behaviorist Alan Pisarski, who blames affluence for cities jammed with narcissists in BMWs.

在他的书中，他让路于交通行为学家Alan Pisarski，他责备城市富裕阶层由于陶醉于宝马上而阻塞城市交通。

4.More fundamentally, maybe the mirror test, a methodological remnant of a behaviorist legacy of animals as biological automata, reflects nothing more than a human inability to understand animals.

但更主要的问题是，或许这种镜子测试，作为行为学家的一种过时传统方法，不再适用于研究生物的自动识别能力，只能说明人类对动物的无知。

5.The paper mainly makes a research and study of teaching procedure on the basis of the behaviorist theory.

文章将以行为主义理论为基础，重点对听力课的教学过程进行研究和探讨。

6.Dogs are a great motivator for doing exercises, said Dr. Sandra McCune, an animal behaviorist and also co-author of the book, "the Health Benefits of Dog Walking for People and Pets".

动物行为学家Sandra McCune博士说，狗狗可以很好的激励人进行锻炼。他也是《遛狗对健康的好处》一书的作者之一。

7.More fundamentally, maybe the mirror test, a methodological remnant of a behaviorist legacy of animals as biological automata, reflects nothing more than a human inability to understand animals.

但更主要的问题是，或许这种镜子测试，作为行为学家的一种过时传统方法，不再适用于研究生物的自动识别能力，只能说明人类对动物的无知。

8.Now, according to sort of a simple-minded view of operant conditioning in behaviorist psychology, the children you reward should do it more.

根据简单的，行为心理学的操作性条件反射观点来看，拿到奖励的小孩应该会画更多画。

9.The behaviorist 行为主义者 approach focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states.

这种行为主义者 行为主义者的方法专注于可观察的行为，而不是内部心理状态。

10.In therapy, a behaviorist 行为主义者 might use reinforcement techniques to encourage positive behavior.

在治疗中，行为主义者 行为主义者可能会使用强化技术来鼓励积极行为。

11.A behaviorist 行为主义者 believes that all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment.

行为主义者 行为主义者相信所有行为都是通过与环境的互动学习而来的。

12.Many schools employ a behaviorist 行为主义者 approach to manage classroom behavior effectively.

许多学校采用行为主义者 行为主义者的方法来有效管理课堂行为。

13.The behaviorist 行为主义者 perspective is often contrasted with cognitive psychology.

行为主义者 行为主义者的观点通常与认知心理学形成对比。

作文

In the field of psychology, the term behaviorist refers to a professional who focuses on the study of observable behaviors rather than internal mental states. This approach emerged in the early 20th century as a reaction against introspective methods that were prevalent at the time. Behaviorists believe that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and they often emphasize the role of the environment in shaping behavior. This perspective has led to various applications in areas such as education, therapy, and even animal training. One of the foundational figures in behaviorism is B.F. Skinner, who developed the concept of operant conditioning. Skinner's work demonstrated that behavior could be modified through reinforcement or punishment, which means that positive or negative consequences can influence future actions. For example, a student who receives praise for completing homework on time is more likely to repeat that behavior. This principle has been widely adopted in educational settings, where teachers use rewards to encourage desirable behaviors among students. Another significant aspect of behaviorist theory is the idea of classical conditioning, famously illustrated by Ivan Pavlov's experiments with dogs. Pavlov discovered that dogs could learn to associate a bell with food, leading them to salivate at the sound of the bell alone. This type of learning highlights how environmental stimuli can trigger specific responses, further supporting the notion that behavior is largely a product of conditioning. Critics of behaviorism argue that it overlooks the cognitive processes that influence behavior. They contend that understanding thoughts, emotions, and motivations is essential for a comprehensive view of human behavior. Despite this criticism, the behaviorist approach has made significant contributions to psychology, particularly in developing techniques for behavior modification and therapy. In practical terms, behaviorist methods have been applied in various therapeutic settings, such as in treating phobias or addiction. Techniques like exposure therapy, which gradually exposes individuals to their fears in a controlled manner, are rooted in behaviorist principles. By systematically desensitizing patients to their fears, therapists can help them overcome irrational anxieties. Additionally, behaviorism has influenced parenting strategies. Parents often utilize behaviorist techniques when they reward good behavior and discipline undesirable actions. For instance, a parent might give a child extra playtime for completing chores, reinforcing the behavior they want to encourage. In conclusion, the behaviorist approach has significantly shaped our understanding of human and animal behavior. While it may not account for every aspect of psychological functioning, its emphasis on observable behaviors and the impact of the environment offers valuable insights. As psychology continues to evolve, integrating behaviorist principles with cognitive and emotional considerations may provide a more holistic understanding of behavior. Whether in educational settings, therapeutic practices, or everyday parenting, the legacy of behaviorism remains influential, reminding us of the power of learned behaviors in shaping our lives.

在心理学领域，术语行为主义者指的是专注于可观察行为的专业人士，而不是内部心理状态。这种方法在20世纪初作为对当时流行的内省方法的反应而出现。行为主义者认为所有行为都是通过条件反射获得的，他们通常强调环境在塑造行为中的作用。这一观点在教育、治疗甚至动物训练等领域产生了各种应用。 行为主义的奠基人之一是B.F.斯金纳，他提出了操作性条件反射的概念。斯金纳的研究表明，行为可以通过强化或惩罚来改变，这意味着积极或消极的后果可以影响未来的行为。例如，一个按时完成作业并获得赞扬的学生更有可能重复这种行为。这一原则在教育环境中得到了广泛采用，教师利用奖励来鼓励学生的良好行为。 行为主义者理论的另一个重要方面是经典条件反射的概念，著名的例子是伊万·巴甫洛夫对狗的实验。巴甫洛夫发现，狗可以学习将铃声与食物联系起来，从而仅在听到铃声时就流口水。这种学习方式突显了环境刺激如何引发特定反应，进一步支持了行为在很大程度上是条件反射产物的观点。 行为主义的批评者认为，它忽视了影响行为的认知过程。他们主张理解思想、情感和动机对于全面了解人类行为至关重要。尽管存在这些批评，行为主义者的方法对心理学做出了重要贡献，特别是在行为修改和治疗技术的发展方面。 在实际应用中，行为主义者的方法已被应用于各种治疗环境，例如治疗恐惧症或成瘾。逐步暴露疗法等技术根植于行为主义原则，通过在受控环境中逐渐让个体接触他们的恐惧，帮助他们克服不理性的焦虑。 此外，行为主义还影响了育儿策略。父母在奖励良好行为和惩戒不良行为时，常常利用行为主义技巧。例如，父母可能会因为孩子完成家务而给予额外的玩耍时间，从而强化他们想要鼓励的行为。 总之，行为主义者的方法在塑造我们对人类和动物行为的理解方面发挥了重要作用。虽然它可能无法解释心理功能的每个方面，但其对可观察行为和环境影响的强调提供了宝贵的见解。随着心理学的不断发展，将行为主义原则与认知和情感考虑结合起来，可能会为行为提供更全面的理解。无论是在教育环境、治疗实践还是日常育儿中，行为主义的遗产仍然具有影响力，提醒我们学习行为在塑造我们生活中的力量。