bureaucracy

简明释义

英[bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi]美[bjʊˈrɑːkrəsi]

n. 官僚制度，官僚机构，官僚作风；官僚，政府官员

复 数 b u r e a u c r a c i e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.They're making efforts to streamline their normally cumbersome bureaucracy.

他们正努力提高其通常臃肿的官僚机构的效率。

2.The eunuch bureaucracy began to grow in Chenghua's reign and reached 'seventy thousand' by the end of the ming.12.

成化年间宦官机构开始急速膨胀，至明朝末年竟达到七万人之多。

3.At first sight, the law seems like just another piece of European bureaucracy: slow and onerous.

乍看起来，这部法律就像其另一个欧洲机构部门一样：耗时和费力。

4.Mr Khodorkovsky’s other problem was that he behaved as a private owner of his vast oil company, refusing to accept the supremacy of the state bureaucracy.

霍多尔科夫斯基的另外一个问题是他表现得像是自己庞大的石油公司的私人所有者，拒绝接受官僚的至高无上。

5.Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.

与其让各个省开列审批药物、单位、厂商名录以及划定药价，还不如整合资源，与渥太华合作来创立一个全国性的医药代理机构。

6.NASA has already begun to take action, hiring management consultants ProOrbis to develop a plan to cut through the bureaucracy.

美国国家航空航天局已经开始采取行动，聘请管理顾问ProOrbis 制定一项计划，以削减官僚机构。

7.The new policy aims to reduce the red tape associated with bureaucracy.

这项新政策旨在减少与官僚主义相关的繁文缛节。

8.Many citizens feel frustrated by the slow bureaucracy in government services.

许多公民对政府服务中缓慢的官僚主义感到沮丧。

9.The company implemented a new system to streamline its bureaucracy and improve efficiency.

公司实施了一套新系统，以简化其官僚体系并提高效率。

10.Critics argue that excessive bureaucracy stifles innovation in public institutions.

批评者认为过度的官僚主义扼杀了公共机构的创新。

11.To navigate the complex bureaucracy, you need to know the right channels to go through.

要驾驭复杂的官僚体系，你需要知道正确的渠道。

作文

In modern society, the term bureaucracy refers to a system of administration characterized by strict policies, procedures, and hierarchy. While this structure is often essential for managing large organizations and governments, it can also lead to inefficiencies and frustrations among those who interact with it. Understanding the implications of bureaucracy is crucial for anyone navigating the complexities of public services or corporate environments. The origins of bureaucracy can be traced back to the rise of the state and the need for organized governance. As societies grew larger and more complex, it became necessary to develop formal systems to manage resources, enforce laws, and provide services. In this context, bureaucracy emerged as a means to ensure that these functions could be carried out effectively and consistently. However, as organizations expanded, the very structure that was meant to enhance efficiency began to create obstacles. One of the most significant drawbacks of bureaucracy is the tendency toward red tape. This term describes the excessive regulation and rigid conformity to formal rules that can hinder progress. For instance, when individuals seek to obtain permits or licenses, they often encounter numerous forms, approvals, and waiting periods, which can be incredibly frustrating. Such experiences highlight how bureaucracy can sometimes prioritize procedure over people, leading to a lack of responsiveness and adaptability. Moreover, bureaucracy can foster a culture of complacency among employees. When workers are bound by strict guidelines and hierarchical structures, they may feel less empowered to take initiative or innovate. This can stifle creativity and lead to a stagnant work environment where employees are merely following orders rather than contributing their unique perspectives. In contrast, organizations that embrace flexibility and encourage employee input tend to thrive in today’s fast-paced world. Despite its challenges, bureaucracy also plays a vital role in maintaining order and accountability. It establishes clear lines of authority and responsibility, ensuring that tasks are completed systematically. This is particularly important in government agencies, where transparency and adherence to the law are paramount. A well-functioning bureaucracy can help prevent corruption and abuse of power by creating checks and balances within the system. To navigate the complexities of bureaucracy, individuals must develop strategies to cope with its inherent limitations. For example, becoming familiar with the specific processes involved in a given organization can significantly reduce frustration. Additionally, advocating for reforms that streamline procedures and reduce unnecessary regulations can help make bureaucracy more efficient. By promoting a culture of innovation and responsiveness within bureaucratic frameworks, organizations can better serve their constituents and adapt to changing circumstances. In conclusion, while bureaucracy is often viewed negatively due to its association with inefficiency and rigidity, it is essential to recognize its role in maintaining order and accountability. Understanding the dynamics of bureaucracy allows individuals to navigate its complexities more effectively and advocate for improvements that can lead to a more responsive and innovative system. As society continues to evolve, finding the right balance between structure and flexibility will be crucial for the success of both public and private organizations.

在现代社会中，术语官僚主义指的是一种以严格的政策、程序和等级制度为特征的管理系统。虽然这种结构在管理大型组织和政府时通常是必要的，但它也可能导致与之互动的人们感到低效和沮丧。理解官僚主义的影响对于任何在公共服务或企业环境中导航复杂性的人来说都是至关重要的。
官僚主义的起源可以追溯到国家的兴起以及对有组织治理的需求。随着社会的日益扩大和复杂化，发展正式系统以管理资源、执行法律和提供服务变得必要。在这个背景下，官僚主义作为确保这些功能能够有效且一致地执行的一种手段出现。然而，随着组织的扩展，原本旨在提高效率的结构开始造成障碍。
官僚主义最显著的缺点之一是往往会导致繁文缛节。这个术语描述了过度的监管和对正式规则的严格遵守，这可能阻碍进展。例如，当个人寻求获得许可证或执照时，他们常常会遇到许多表格、批准和等待期，这可能令人非常沮丧。这些经历突显了官僚主义有时会优先考虑程序而非人，从而导致缺乏响应和适应性。
此外，官僚主义可能会在员工中培养一种自满文化。当员工受到严格的指导方针和等级结构的束缚时，他们可能会感到缺乏主动性或创新的能力。这可能抑制创造力，并导致员工仅仅服从命令而不是贡献他们独特的观点的停滞工作环境。相比之下，那些拥抱灵活性并鼓励员工参与的组织在当今快速变化的世界中往往会蓬勃发展。
尽管面临挑战，官僚主义在维护秩序和问责制方面也发挥着重要作用。它建立了明确的权威和责任界限，确保任务以系统的方式完成。这在政府机构中特别重要，在这里，透明度和遵循法律是至关重要的。一个运作良好的官僚主义可以通过在系统内创建制衡来帮助防止腐败和滥用权力。
为了应对官僚主义的复杂性，个人必须制定应对其固有限制的策略。例如，熟悉特定组织中涉及的具体流程可以显著减少挫败感。此外，倡导改革以简化程序并减少不必要的法规可以帮助使官僚主义更高效。通过在官僚框架内促进创新和响应文化，组织可以更好地服务其利益相关者并适应不断变化的情况。
总之，虽然官僚主义由于与低效率和僵化的关联而常常被负面看待，但认识到其在维护秩序和问责制中的作用是至关重要的。理解官僚主义的动态使个人能够更有效地应对其复杂性，并倡导改善，从而导致一个更具响应性和创新性的系统。随着社会的不断发展，找到结构与灵活性之间的正确平衡对于公共和私人组织的成功至关重要。