craters

简明释义

英[ˈkreɪtəz]美[ˈkreɪtərz]

n. [地质]火山口；[天]环形山（crater 复数）

v. 形成坑；毁坏（crater 的三单形式）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.From radio survey data, we know that the basin contains lots of smaller craters.

根据无线电测量数据，我们可以得知盆地里有许多较小的陨石坑。

2.Put bomb craters in there.

把弹坑放那里面。

3.From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today.

从火星熔岩流上出现的少量陨石坑中，我们可以估计，在5亿年前，这个星球上的火山还很活跃——也许现在依然活跃。

4.Many impact craters seen in the solar system were caused by such collisions.

太阳系中的许多冲撞坑都是由这种碰撞造成的。

5.The surface of the moon is pitted with craters.

月亮的表面布满陨石坑。

6.Several space missions have detected water ice in craters at the lunar poles.

多项空间勘测研究任务都在月球的坑洞中发现了有水所凝结成的冰的存在。

7.The Moon was once thought to be dry. Then came hints of ice in the polar craters.

月球曾被认为很干燥，而后又有迹象显示在极地的月坑有冰。

8.The moon is covered with many large craters.

月球上布满了许多大的陨石坑。

9.Scientists study the craters on Mars to understand its geological history.

科学家研究火星上的陨石坑以了解其地质历史。

10.The volcanic craters in Hawaii are popular tourist attractions.

夏威夷的火山火口是热门的旅游景点。

11.Some craters on Earth are millions of years old.

地球上一些陨石坑已有数百万年的历史。

12.The impact of the meteor created a large crater in the desert.

陨石的撞击在沙漠中形成了一个巨大的陨石坑。

作文

The universe is a vast and mysterious place, filled with wonders that captivate our imagination. One of the most fascinating features found on celestial bodies, such as the Moon and Mars, are the numerous craters (陨石坑) that dot their surfaces. These craters (陨石坑) are formed by the impact of meteoroids, asteroids, and comets colliding with the surface at high speeds. The study of these craters (陨石坑) not only helps us understand the history of our solar system but also provides insight into the geological processes that shape planetary bodies. When we look at the Moon through a telescope, we can see countless craters (陨石坑) of various sizes. Some are small, while others are massive, spanning hundreds of kilometers in diameter. The largest of these, known as basins, can be seen from Earth without any optical aid. The most famous of these is the Tycho crater (陨石坑), which is easily recognizable due to its bright rays that extend outward, formed by debris ejected during the impact that created it. On Mars, craters (陨石坑) tell a different story. The planet's thin atmosphere allows for larger impacts compared to the Moon, leading to the formation of more substantial craters (陨石坑). The Valles Marineris canyon system, for instance, is believed to have been influenced by ancient impacts, showcasing how craters (陨石坑) can affect the landscape over millions of years. Scientists study these formations to gather data about the age of the surface and the environmental conditions that existed when they were created. The process of forming a crater (陨石坑) begins when an object from space collides with a planetary surface. Upon impact, the energy released is immense, often equivalent to thousands of nuclear bombs. This energy vaporizes the material at the point of contact and displaces surrounding material, creating a depression. The size and shape of the resulting crater (陨石坑) depend on several factors, including the speed and angle of the impactor, as well as the composition of the surface. Understanding craters (陨石坑) is crucial for planetary scientists. By analyzing the distribution and characteristics of these craters (陨石坑), researchers can estimate the age of a planetary surface. For example, a surface covered with many craters (陨石坑) is generally older than one with few, as it indicates less geological activity that could erase these features over time. This method of dating surfaces is known as crater counting. Moreover, studying craters (陨石坑) can provide valuable information about the potential for life on other planets. For instance, some craters (陨石坑) may contain water ice or evidence of past water flow, suggesting that conditions might have been suitable for life in the past. The presence of such resources is vital for future human exploration and colonization efforts. In conclusion, craters (陨石坑) are not just simple depressions on the surface of celestial bodies; they are windows into the history of our solar system. By studying these fascinating features, we gain insights into planetary formation, geological processes, and even the potential for life beyond Earth. As technology advances and we continue to explore the cosmos, the importance of understanding craters (陨石坑) will only grow, revealing more secrets of the universe we inhabit.

宇宙是一个广阔而神秘的地方，充满了吸引我们想象力的奇迹。在月球和火星等天体上，最迷人的特征之一就是点缀其表面的众多陨石坑（craters）。这些陨石坑（craters）是由流星体、小行星和彗星以高速撞击表面形成的。研究这些陨石坑（craters）不仅有助于我们理解太阳系的历史，还提供了对塑造行星体的地质过程的洞察。 当我们通过望远镜观察月球时，可以看到无数大小不一的陨石坑（craters）。有些很小，而其他的则巨大，直径可达数百公里。这些中最大的，被称为盆地，可以在没有任何光学辅助的情况下从地球上看到。其中最著名的是泰科陨石坑（crater），由于其向外延伸的明亮射线而易于识别，这些射线是撞击时喷出的碎片形成的。 在火星上，陨石坑（craters）讲述着不同的故事。该行星稀薄的大气层使得与月球相比能够发生更大的撞击，从而形成更大的陨石坑（craters）。例如，瓦莱斯·马里纳里斯峡谷系统被认为受到古代撞击的影响，展示了陨石坑（craters）如何在数百万年内影响地貌。科学家研究这些形成，以获取关于表面年龄和它们形成时存在的环境条件的数据。 形成陨石坑（crater）的过程始于来自太空的物体与行星表面的碰撞。撞击时释放的能量是巨大的，通常相当于数千颗核弹的威力。这种能量使接触点的材料蒸发，并位移周围的材料，形成一个凹陷。最终形成的陨石坑（crater）的大小和形状取决于多个因素，包括撞击者的速度和角度，以及表面的成分。 理解陨石坑（craters）对行星科学家至关重要。通过分析这些陨石坑（craters）的分布和特征，研究人员可以估计行星表面的年龄。例如，覆盖着许多陨石坑（craters）的表面通常比只有少数的表面要老，因为这表明较少的地质活动可能会抹去这些特征。这种表面年龄测定的方法被称为陨石坑计数。 此外，研究陨石坑（craters）还可以提供有关其他行星生命潜力的宝贵信息。例如，一些陨石坑（craters）可能含有冰水或过去水流的证据，表明过去的条件可能适合生命的存在。这些资源的存在对未来的人类探索和殖民努力至关重要。 总之，陨石坑（craters）并不仅仅是天体表面上的简单凹陷；它们是我们太阳系历史的窗口。通过研究这些迷人的特征，我们获得了对行星形成、地质过程甚至地球之外生命潜力的见解。随着技术的进步和我们继续探索宇宙，理解陨石坑（craters）的重要性将只会增加，揭示我们所居住的宇宙的更多秘密。