deflation

简明释义

英[ˌdiːˈfleɪʃn]美[ˌdiːˈfleɪʃn]

n. 通货紧缩；放气

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Does deflation lie ahead in these countries, too?

这些国家是否也将面临通缩呢？

2.The boom does not have to end in deflation.

繁荣并非一定以通货紧缩为终点。

3.The economy failed to recover and deflation set in.

经济未能恢复元气，通货紧缩乘虚而入。

4.These large deficits are necessary to avoid deflation.

这种巨额赤字是避免通缩所必需的。

5.Deflation is a bigger worry than inflation right now.

通货紧缩比起现在的通货膨胀更令人担忧。

6.This was a period of significant deflation.

这是一个严重通缩的时期。

7.In Japan deflation is the problem.

日本的问题则是通货紧缩。

8.The risk of deflation is higher than desirable.

通货紧缩风险要远比想象中低。

9.Deflation is beginning to take hold in the clothing industry.

服装业开始出现通货紧缩。

10.The central bank is concerned about the risk of deflation 通货紧缩 affecting the economy.

中央银行担心deflation 通货紧缩风险影响经济。

11.During periods of deflation 通货紧缩, consumers tend to delay purchases, expecting prices to fall further.

在deflation 通货紧缩期间，消费者往往推迟购买，期待价格进一步下跌。

12.The government implemented stimulus measures to combat deflation 通货紧缩 in the housing market.

政府实施了刺激措施以应对房地产市场的deflation 通货紧缩。

13.In Japan, the long-lasting deflation 通货紧缩 has led to stagnant wages and economic growth.

在日本，长期的deflation 通货紧缩导致工资和经济增长停滞。

14.Businesses may struggle during deflation 通货紧缩 as their revenues decrease while costs remain high.

在deflation 通货紧缩期间，企业可能会面临困难，因为它们的收入下降而成本保持高位。

作文

Deflation is an economic term that refers to the decrease in the general price level of goods and services. It is often associated with a reduction in the supply of money or credit, leading to an increase in the real value of money. This phenomenon can have significant effects on an economy, influencing consumer behavior, investment decisions, and overall economic growth. To understand the implications of deflation (通货紧缩), it is essential to explore its causes, consequences, and potential solutions. One of the primary causes of deflation (通货紧缩) is a decrease in demand for goods and services. When consumers and businesses are uncertain about the future, they tend to hold off on spending, leading to a decline in overall economic activity. This drop in demand can result from various factors, including rising unemployment, falling wages, or a general sense of pessimism about the economy. As demand decreases, businesses may lower their prices to attract customers, resulting in a downward spiral of falling prices and reduced economic activity. Another contributing factor to deflation (通货紧缩) is an increase in productivity. When companies become more efficient and produce more goods at a lower cost, they may pass these savings onto consumers through lower prices. While increased productivity is generally positive for the economy, if it leads to widespread price declines without corresponding wage increases, it can contribute to deflation (通货紧缩) and create challenges for economic growth. The consequences of deflation (通货紧缩) can be severe. One of the most significant impacts is the increased burden of debt. As prices fall, the real value of outstanding debts rises, making it more challenging for borrowers to repay loans. This can lead to higher default rates and financial instability, as individuals and businesses struggle to meet their obligations. In turn, this can reduce lending activity, further exacerbating the economic downturn. Additionally, deflation (通货紧缩) can lead to decreased consumer spending. When people expect prices to continue falling, they may delay purchases, anticipating that they can buy goods at a lower price in the future. This behavior can create a vicious cycle, where reduced spending leads to lower revenues for businesses, prompting them to cut costs, lay off workers, and further decrease demand. Governments and central banks often respond to deflation (通货紧缩) with various policy measures aimed at stimulating the economy. One common approach is to lower interest rates, making borrowing cheaper and encouraging spending and investment. Additionally, governments may implement fiscal stimulus programs, such as infrastructure projects or direct payments to citizens, to boost demand and counteract the effects of deflation (通货紧缩). In conclusion, deflation (通货紧缩) is a complex economic issue that can have far-reaching consequences for individuals, businesses, and the overall economy. Understanding its causes and effects is crucial for policymakers and economists as they work to develop strategies to combat its negative impacts. By fostering a stable economic environment with consistent demand and manageable levels of debt, societies can mitigate the risks associated with deflation (通货紧缩) and promote sustainable growth in the long run.

通货紧缩是一个经济术语，指的是商品和服务的整体价格水平下降。它通常与货币或信贷供应的减少相关联，导致货币的实际价值增加。这一现象对经济有重大影响，影响消费者行为、投资决策和整体经济增长。为了理解通货紧缩（deflation）的影响，有必要探讨其原因、后果和潜在解决方案。 通货紧缩（deflation）的主要原因之一是商品和服务需求的减少。当消费者和企业对未来感到不确定时，他们往往会推迟消费，从而导致整体经济活动的下降。这种需求的下降可能源于多种因素，包括失业率上升、工资下降或对经济的普遍悲观情绪。当需求减少时，企业可能会降低价格以吸引顾客，从而导致价格持续下跌和经济活动减少的恶性循环。 另一个导致通货紧缩（deflation）的因素是生产力的提高。当公司变得更加高效，以更低的成本生产更多商品时，它们可能会通过降低价格将这些节省转嫁给消费者。尽管生产力的提高通常对经济是积极的，但如果它导致广泛的价格下降而没有相应的工资增长，它可能会导致通货紧缩（deflation），并为经济增长带来挑战。 通货紧缩（deflation）的后果可能是严重的。最显著的影响之一是债务负担的增加。随着价格下降，未偿还债务的实际价值上升，使借款人偿还贷款变得更加困难。这可能导致更高的违约率和金融不稳定，因为个人和企业努力履行义务。反过来，这可能减少贷款活动，进一步加剧经济低迷。 此外，通货紧缩（deflation）还可能导致消费者支出减少。当人们预计价格将继续下降时，他们可能会推迟购买，期待将来以更低的价格购买商品。这种行为可能会形成恶性循环，减少支出导致企业收入下降，促使他们削减成本、裁员并进一步减少需求。 政府和中央银行通常会通过各种政策措施来应对通货紧缩（deflation），旨在刺激经济。一种常见的方法是降低利率，使借贷变得更便宜，从而鼓励支出和投资。此外，政府可能会实施财政刺激计划，例如基础设施项目或直接向公民支付款项，以提升需求并抵消通货紧缩（deflation）的影响。 总之，通货紧缩（deflation）是一个复杂的经济问题，可能对个人、企业和整体经济产生深远的影响。理解其原因和影响对政策制定者和经济学家至关重要，因为他们努力制定应对其负面影响的策略。通过营造一个稳定的经济环境，保持一致的需求和可管理的债务水平，社会可以减轻与通货紧缩（deflation）相关的风险，并在长期内促进可持续增长。