deixis

简明释义

英[ˈdaɪksɪs;ˈdeɪksɪs]美[ˈdaɪksɪsˌˈdeɪksɪs]

n. 直示（系统）；（定冠词、指示代词等的）指示功能

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Thirdly, some particular expressions are used to express place, time, and discourse deixis in different contexts.

第三，一些指示代词和指示副词在不同的语境下可分别充当地点、时间以及篇章指示语。

2.Deixis has been of great interest to philosophers, linguists and logicians.

指示语一直是哲学家、语言学家和逻辑学家感兴趣的话题。

3.Traditional accounts of deixis cannot provide a convincing explanation for this phenomenon of deictic projection.

对这一指示投射现象，传统的研究没有给予令人信服的解释。

4.Based on the theories of Deixis and Cohesion, this dissertation reclassifies Chinese demonstrative pronouns this and that.

本文运用“指示”理论和衔接理论重新对汉语“这”与“那”类指代词进行分类。

5.Deixis is an important content of pragmatics.

指示语是语用学的重要内容。

6.But in subordinate level, these deixis have both similarities and differences in their central members and peripheral members.

两种语言的下位层次的指示在典型代表和非典型代表上既有相同之处，也有不同之处。

7.The paper analyzes the speech acts performed by the shift of person deixis and vocatives by linking the pragmatic theory of speech acts.

通过联系语用学的言语行为理论，分析了人称指示语的活用和称呼语的变换所实施的言语行为。

8.In the sentence 'I will meet you here tomorrow,' the word 'here' is an example of deixis 指示词.

在句子'我明天会在这里见你'中，'这里'是一个deixis 指示词的例子。

9.When someone says 'That was amazing,' the word 'that' demonstrates deixis 指示词 because it refers to a specific event.

当有人说'那太棒了'时，'那'展示了deixis 指示词，因为它指的是一个特定的事件。

10.In conversation, saying 'I need this now' uses deixis 指示词 with 'this' and 'now' indicating immediate context.

在对话中，说'我现在需要这个'使用了deixis 指示词，'这个'和'现在'指明了即时的上下文。

11.The phrase 'You should see them later' includes deixis 指示词 in 'you' and 'them', which depend on the speaker's perspective.

短语'你应该稍后见到他们'包含了deixis 指示词，其中'你'和'他们'依赖于说话者的视角。

12.In her speech, she used deixis 指示词 by saying 'We are going to win this game!' to create a sense of unity.

在她的演讲中，她通过说'我们要赢得这场比赛！'来使用deixis 指示词，以创造一种团结感。

作文

Deixis is a term used in linguistics to refer to words and phrases that require contextual information to convey meaning. The concept of deixis is crucial for understanding how language operates in different contexts. For instance, consider the sentence 'I am here now.' The words 'I,' 'here,' and 'now' are all examples of deixis, as their meanings depend on the speaker's identity, the physical location, and the time of speaking, respectively. Without this context, the sentence would be ambiguous and lack clarity. 指示词 can be categorized into several types: person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. Person deixis refers to the grammatical distinctions between the participants in a conversation. In English, the pronouns 'I,' 'you,' and 'they' illustrate person deixis. When someone says 'I will call you tomorrow,' the meaning of 'I' depends on who is speaking, and 'you' depends on who is being addressed. This makes deixis essential for effective communication, as it allows speakers to refer to themselves and others appropriately. Place deixis relates to the location of the participants in a conversation. Words like 'here' and 'there' are used to indicate specific locations. For example, if I say, 'Put the book over there,' the meaning of 'there' changes based on where the speaker is located at that moment. In written texts, such as novels or essays, the use of place deixis can create a sense of immediacy and connection with the reader, as they are drawn into the spatial context of the narrative. Time deixis involves references to temporal expressions, such as 'now,' 'then,' 'today,' and 'tomorrow.' These terms help establish when events occur in relation to the moment of speaking. For example, saying 'I will meet you tomorrow' indicates a future event from the speaker's present perspective. Understanding time deixis is vital for interpreting the timeline of events in both spoken and written narratives. Discourse deixis refers to the use of expressions that point to parts of the discourse itself, such as 'the following statement' or 'this argument.' This type of deixis helps listeners or readers navigate through the structure of a conversation or a text, making it easier to follow the flow of ideas. It is particularly useful in academic writing, where authors often need to refer back to previous points or introduce new ones. Finally, social deixis involves language that reflects the social relationship between speakers. Terms of address, such as 'Mr.,' 'Dr.,' or 'Your Honor,' exemplify social deixis, as they indicate respect, formality, or familiarity. In many cultures, the choice of words used in social contexts can significantly impact interpersonal relationships and communication dynamics. In conclusion, understanding deixis is essential for grasping the nuances of language and communication. It illustrates how meaning is not just embedded in words but also in the context in which they are used. By recognizing the various types of deixis, we can enhance our comprehension of spoken and written language, leading to more effective interactions and deeper insights into the nature of communication. The study of deixis enriches our appreciation of linguistic complexity and highlights the importance of context in conveying meaning. Therefore, recognizing and mastering 指示词 is a valuable skill for anyone looking to improve their language proficiency and communication abilities.

指示词是一个用于语言学的术语，指那些需要上下文信息才能传达意义的词和短语。理解指示词的概念对于理解语言在不同语境中的运作至关重要。例如，考虑句子“我现在在这里。”其中的“我”、“这里”和“现在”都是指示词的例子，因为它们的意义取决于说话者的身份、物理位置和说话时间。如果没有这个上下文，句子的意思将会模糊且缺乏清晰度。指示词可以分为几种类型：人称指示词、地点指示词、时间指示词、话语指示词和社会指示词。 人称指示词指的是对话中参与者之间的语法区别。在英语中，代词“我”、“你”和“他们”展示了人称指示词。当有人说“我明天会打电话给你”时，“我”的意义取决于谁在说话，而“你”的意义取决于谁被称呼。这使得指示词对于有效沟通至关重要，因为它允许说话者适当地指代自己和他人。 地点指示词与对话参与者的位置有关。像“这里”和“那里”这样的词用于指示特定的位置。例如，如果我说“把书放在那里”，那么“那里”的意义会根据说话者当时所处的位置而变化。在书面文本中，例如小说或论文，使用地点指示词可以创造出一种紧迫感和与读者的联系，因为他们被吸引到叙述的空间背景中。 时间指示词涉及对时间表达的引用，例如“现在”、“然后”、“今天”和“明天”。这些术语有助于建立事件发生的时间关系。例如，说“我明天会见你”表示从说话者的当前视角来看未来的事件。理解时间指示词对于解释口头和书面叙述中的事件时间线至关重要。 话语指示词指的是指向话语本身部分的表达，例如“以下陈述”或“这个论点”。这种类型的指示词帮助听众或读者在对话或文本中导航，使他们更容易跟随思想的流动。在学术写作中，这尤其有用，因为作者常常需要回顾之前的观点或引入新的观点。 最后，社会指示词涉及反映说话者之间社会关系的语言。称谓词，例如“先生”、“博士”或“阁下”，就是社会指示词的例子，因为它们表示尊重、正式性或熟悉性。在许多文化中，社交场合中所用词语的选择可以显著影响人际关系和沟通动态。 总之，理解指示词对于掌握语言和沟通的细微差别至关重要。它说明了意义不仅仅嵌入在词语中，还嵌入在使用这些词语的上下文中。通过认识到各种类型的指示词，我们可以增强对口语和书面语言的理解，从而实现更有效的互动和对沟通本质的更深入洞察。因此，识别和掌握指示词是任何希望提高语言能力和沟通能力的人的宝贵技能。