delocalization

简明释义

英[diːləʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃn]美[diːloʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃn]

n. （化）去域性，离域作用；移位；非局部化

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The analysis of the resistance-temperature relation using the variable range hoping (VRH) model shows that the intrinsic mechanism of the laser irradiation is the delocalization of the electrons.

利用变程跳跃模型对电阻温度曲线进行分析讨论，表明激光作用的内在机制是激光辐照诱导电子退局域化。

2.The analysis of the resistance-temperature relation using the variable range hoping (VRH) model shows that the intrinsic mechanism of the laser irradiation is the delocalization of the electrons.

利用变程跳跃模型对电阻温度曲线进行分析讨论，表明激光作用的内在机制是激光辐照诱导电子退局域化。

3.But as the well width increase, level filling is the main reason for the red-shift of spectrum, Auger recombination and carrier delocalization are the main reason for lower efficiency.

当阱宽较大时，能级填充是导致光谱红移的主要原因，俄歇复合与载流子离域是导致效率下降的主要原因。

4.Magnetic coupling exhibits the spin delocalization effect from Mn and Cu atoms to the bridging atoms, and doesn't reveal metallically magnetic properties.

磁性耦合来源于铜和锰原子向桥联原子的自旋退局域化效应，且具有磁性特征但不具有金属性特征。

5.Because of the interaction of orbitals the calculated delocalization energy is different if the order in which the orbitals are deleted is different.

由于轨道之间的相互作用，使离域能的计算与轨道剔除的次序有关。

6.As for hydrate growth kinetics below ice point, the melting model of ice, shrinking ice-core model and delocalization model were discussed.

对冰点以下的增长动力学，讨论了冰熔融模型、冰核收缩反应模型和水合物原位偏离模型。

7.In general, every structural characteristic that favors the delocalization of the electronic charge leads to an increase in stability.

一般说来，每个有利于电荷去域性的特征结构，都导致稳定性增加。

8.This "delocalization" allows electron transfer from the nanocrystals to an electron-accepting material placed nearby, such as TiO2.

这一“离域作用”使得电子可以从纳米晶体传导到附近的电导体元件，例如TiO2。

9.Proton acids doping caused the inter-molecular and inner-molecular delocalization in PAN and improved the conductivity.

这是因为质子酸的掺杂使聚苯胺分子内及分子间的电荷离域化增强，电导率大幅度提高。

10.There is a strong effect of spin delocalization in the complex.

体系中存在较强的自旋离域效应。

11.The concept of delocalization refers to the spreading out of electrons in a molecule, which can stabilize its structure.

概念去局域化指的是分子中电子的分散，这可以稳定其结构。

12.In organic chemistry, delocalization plays a crucial role in resonance structures.

在有机化学中，去局域化在共振结构中起着至关重要的作用。

13.The delocalization of π electrons in benzene gives it unique stability compared to other hydrocarbons.

苯中π电子的去局域化使其与其他烃相比具有独特的稳定性。

14.The phenomenon of delocalization is essential for understanding the behavior of conjugated systems.

理解共轭体系行为时，现象去局域化是必不可少的。

15.In solid-state physics, delocalization can describe the spread of electronic states across a crystal lattice.

在固态物理中，去局域化可以描述电子状态在晶格中的扩展。

作文

The concept of delocalization refers to the phenomenon where electrons are not confined to a specific atom or bond but are instead spread out over a larger region of a molecule. This can significantly affect the chemical properties and reactivity of compounds. In organic chemistry, delocalization is often associated with resonance structures, where multiple valid Lewis structures can represent a molecule. For instance, in benzene, the electrons in the double bonds are delocalized around the ring, giving it unique stability and characteristics that differ from alkenes. The idea of delocalization is crucial for understanding various chemical reactions, particularly those involving aromatic compounds. When electrons are delocalized, they contribute to the overall stability of the molecule, making it less reactive compared to localized electron systems. This stability is a key reason why many aromatic compounds are used in industrial applications, such as dyes and pharmaceuticals. In addition to its implications in organic chemistry, delocalization also plays a significant role in materials science. For example, in conducting materials, the delocalization of electrons allows for the flow of electricity. Metals exhibit this property as their outer electrons are not bound to any specific atom, enabling them to move freely throughout the material. This characteristic is what makes metals good conductors of electricity and heat. Similarly, in semiconductors, delocalization is essential for their function, as it allows for the manipulation of electrical properties through doping and other techniques. Furthermore, delocalization can also be observed in molecular orbitals. The concept of molecular orbital theory explains how atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals that can extend over several atoms. The delocalization of electrons in these orbitals is what leads to bonding in complex molecules, including large biological macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Understanding delocalization helps scientists design better drugs and materials by predicting how changes in molecular structure can affect properties and behaviors. In conclusion, delocalization is a fundamental concept in chemistry that describes the spread of electrons across multiple atoms or bonds, significantly influencing the stability and reactivity of molecules. Its importance extends beyond organic chemistry into materials science and molecular biology, highlighting its relevance in various scientific fields. By grasping the principles of delocalization, students and researchers can gain deeper insights into the behavior of substances at the molecular level, paving the way for advancements in technology and medicine.

“delocalization”这个概念指的是电子不局限于特定的原子或键，而是分布在分子更大区域的现象。这可以显著影响化合物的化学性质和反应性。在有机化学中，delocalization通常与共振结构相关，其中多个有效的路易斯结构可以表示一个分子。例如，在苯中，双键中的电子在环上是delocalized的，这使得它具有独特的稳定性和与烯烃不同的特性。delocalization的概念对于理解各种化学反应至关重要，特别是涉及芳香化合物的反应。当电子被delocalized时，它们有助于分子的整体稳定性，使其相比于局部电子系统反应性更低。这种稳定性是许多芳香化合物在工业应用中（如染料和药物）使用的关键原因。 除了在有机化学中的影响外，delocalization在材料科学中也发挥着重要作用。例如，在导电材料中，电子的delocalization允许电流的流动。金属表现出这一特性，因为它们的外层电子并不绑定在任何特定的原子上，使其能够在材料中自由移动。这一特性使金属成为良好的电和热导体。同样，在半导体中，delocalization对其功能至关重要，因为它允许通过掺杂和其他技术操控电气性质。 此外，delocalization还可以在分子轨道中观察到。分子轨道理论的概念解释了原子轨道如何结合形成可以扩展到多个原子的分子轨道。电子在这些轨道中的delocalization是导致复杂分子（包括大型生物大分子如蛋白质和核酸）中发生键合的原因。理解delocalization帮助科学家设计更好的药物和材料，通过预测分子结构变化如何影响性质和行为。 总之，delocalization是化学中的一个基本概念，描述了电子在多个原子或键之间的分布，显著影响分子的稳定性和反应性。它的重要性超越了有机化学，延伸到材料科学和分子生物学，突显了它在各个科学领域的相关性。通过掌握delocalization的原理，学生和研究人员可以深入了解物质在分子层面的行为，为技术和医学的进步铺平道路。