denaturant

简明释义

英[diːˈneitʃərənt]美[diˈnetʃərənt]

n. （使蛋白质或其他生物化合物变性的）变性物质；酒类变性剂

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Its major USES are for organic synthesis, especially of formaldehyde, as an automotive antifreeze, as a solvent for cellulosics and natural resins, and as the principal denaturant for ethyl alcohol.

其主要用途是有机合成，特别是合成甲醛，用作汽车防冻剂、纤维素和天然树脂溶剂以及乙醇的主要变性剂。

2.Its major USES are for organic synthesis, especially of formaldehyde, as an automotive antifreeze, as a solvent for cellulosics and natural resins, and as the principal denaturant for ethyl alcohol.

其主要用途是有机合成，特别是合成甲醛，用作汽车防冻剂、纤维素和天然树脂溶剂以及乙醇的主要变性剂。

3.A thin oil distilled from petroleum or shale oil, used as a fuel for heating and cooking, in lamps, and as a denaturant for alcohol.

煤油从石油或页岩油中提取的一种稀油，用于加热或做饭的燃料，也用于点油灯和做酒的。

4.Cassava denaturant starch is mainly used for instant noodles, ham, fish balls, meat sauce, tomato sauce and other industries.

木薯变性淀粉主要用于方便面、火腿鱼丸、肉酱、蕃茄酱等行业。

5.It was suggested that the denaturant concentration range and electrophoresis time may be the key factors for DGGE experiment.

提示合理的变性剂浓度范围和电泳时间是DGGE实验的关键因素。

6.The alcohol was treated with a denaturant to prevent it from being consumed as a beverage.

为了防止酒精被当作饮料消费，它被处理了变性剂。

7.In laboratories, a denaturant is often added to proteins to study their structure.

在实验室中，通常会添加变性剂到蛋白质中以研究它们的结构。

8.The use of a denaturant in industrial processes can help ensure safety by making substances unpalatable.

在工业过程中使用变性剂可以通过使物质不适合食用来确保安全。

9.A common denaturant for ethanol is methanol, which makes it toxic to drink.

乙醇的常见变性剂是甲醇，这使其饮用后具有毒性。

10.Chemists often discuss the role of a denaturant in altering the properties of a solution.

化学家们经常讨论变性剂在改变溶液性质中的作用。

作文

In the world of chemistry and biology, the term denaturant refers to a substance that causes denaturation, which is the process of altering the natural structure of proteins or nucleic acids. This alteration can lead to the loss of biological activity and functionality of these essential molecules. The implications of using a denaturant are vast and can be observed in various fields such as food science, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. One of the most common applications of a denaturant is in the food industry, particularly in the production of alcoholic beverages. For instance, ethanol used for industrial purposes is often denatured to prevent it from being consumed as a beverage. This is achieved by adding substances like methanol or isopropanol, which make the alcohol toxic or unpalatable. The use of a denaturant in this context serves not only to discourage consumption but also to reduce the taxes associated with beverage alcohol, making it more economically feasible for manufacturers. In pharmaceuticals, denaturants play a critical role in drug formulation. Many drugs are proteins or peptides, and their efficacy often depends on their three-dimensional structure. When formulating medications, scientists must ensure that the active ingredients remain stable and effective. However, sometimes it is necessary to introduce a denaturant to test the stability of these compounds under various conditions. By observing how a drug responds to a denaturant, researchers can better understand its properties and improve its formulation for therapeutic use. Biotechnology also benefits from the understanding of denaturants. In the laboratory, scientists often use heat or chemical agents to denature proteins when conducting experiments. This process allows them to study the protein's primary structure, which is crucial for understanding its function. For example, during techniques like gel electrophoresis, proteins are denatured to ensure they migrate through the gel based solely on their size, rather than their shape or charge. This technique is vital for analyzing protein purity and molecular weight. Despite the many uses of denaturants, it is essential to handle them with care. Many denaturants are hazardous substances that require proper safety precautions during their use. In laboratories and industrial settings, personnel must be trained to manage these materials safely, ensuring that they do not pose a risk to health or the environment. In conclusion, the concept of denaturant is integral to various scientific disciplines. Whether in food production, pharmaceuticals, or biotechnology, understanding how denaturants work and their effects on biological molecules is crucial for innovation and safety. As we continue to explore the complexities of life at the molecular level, the role of denaturants will undoubtedly remain significant, influencing both research and industry practices. The ongoing study of denaturants will help pave the way for new discoveries and advancements in science, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.

在化学和生物学的世界中，术语denaturant指的是一种导致变性（denaturation）的物质，即改变蛋白质或核酸的自然结构的过程。这种改变可能导致这些基本分子的生物活性和功能的丧失。使用denaturant的影响是广泛的，可以在食品科学、制药和生物技术等多个领域观察到。 denaturant最常见的应用之一是在食品工业中，特别是在酒精饮料的生产中。例如，用于工业目的的乙醇通常被变性，以防止其被当作饮料消费。这是通过添加如甲醇或异丙醇等物质来实现的，这些物质使酒精变得有毒或不适口。在这种情况下，使用denaturant不仅可以阻止消费，还可以减少与饮料酒精相关的税收，使制造商在经济上更可行。 在制药领域，denaturants在药物配方中发挥着关键作用。许多药物是蛋白质或肽，其有效性往往取决于其三维结构。在配制药物时，科学家必须确保活性成分保持稳定和有效。然而，有时需要引入denaturant以测试这些化合物在各种条件下的稳定性。通过观察药物如何对denaturant做出反应，研究人员可以更好地理解其特性并改善其治疗用途的配方。 生物技术也受益于对denaturants的理解。在实验室中，科学家们经常使用热量或化学试剂来变性蛋白质，以进行实验。这一过程使他们能够研究蛋白质的初级结构，这对于理解其功能至关重要。例如，在凝胶电泳等技术中，蛋白质被变性，以确保它们仅根据大小迁移，而不是形状或电荷。这一技术对于分析蛋白质的纯度和分子量至关重要。 尽管denaturants有许多用途，但必须小心处理它们。许多denaturants是危险物质，在使用过程中需要采取适当的安全预防措施。在实验室和工业环境中，工作人员必须接受培训，以安全管理这些材料，确保它们不会对健康或环境构成风险。 总之，denaturant的概念在各个科学学科中都是不可或缺的。无论是在食品生产、制药还是生物技术中，理解denaturants的工作原理及其对生物分子的影响对于创新和安全至关重要。随着我们继续探索生命在分子层面的复杂性，denaturants的作用无疑将保持重要性，影响研究和工业实践。对denaturants的持续研究将帮助开辟新的发现和科学进步的道路，最终使整个社会受益。