dirigiste

简明释义

英[ˈdɪrɪʒɪst]美[ˈdɪrɪʒɪst]

国家干预或统制经济的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Ms Rousseff champions industrial policy—indeed her critics see her as more dirigiste than Lula, whose instincts are pragmatic.

Dilma Rousseff积极支持工业政策—批评她的人士甚至认为她比鲁拉更爱「管事」（dirigiste），鲁拉的本性比较务实。

2.Ms Rousseff champions industrial policy—indeed her critics see her as more dirigiste than Lula, whose instincts are pragmatic.

Dilma Rousseff积极支持工业政策—批评她的人士甚至认为她比鲁拉更爱「管事」（dirigiste），鲁拉的本性比较务实。

3.Many of these measures were gradual, but they signaled a decisive break with India's dirigiste past.

许多措施是循序渐进的，它们标志着对印度昔日的统制主义的决定性突破。

4.The Greens are keen on higher taxes, more regulation and dirigiste industrial policy.

绿党人希望增加税赋，加强管理和国家对产业政策的统制。

5.The government adopted a dirigiste approach to control the economy during the crisis.

政府在危机期间采取了干预主义的方法来控制经济。

6.In many countries, a dirigiste model is seen as a way to promote industrial growth.

在许多国家，干预主义模式被视为促进工业增长的一种方式。

7.Critics argue that dirigiste policies can stifle innovation and competition.

批评者认为，干预主义政策可能会抑制创新和竞争。

8.The dirigiste economic strategy was implemented to protect local businesses.

实施干预主义经济战略是为了保护当地企业。

9.After the war, the country shifted to a more dirigiste economic system.

战争结束后，该国转向了更为干预主义的经济体系。

作文

In the realm of political and economic theory, the term dirigiste refers to a system in which the government exerts significant control over the economy. This concept originated from France, where it was used to describe a form of economic planning that emphasizes state intervention. The idea behind dirigisme is that the government can play a crucial role in guiding the economy towards growth and stability, particularly in times of crisis. While some argue that such an approach can lead to efficiency and equitable distribution of resources, others caution against the potential downsides, such as reduced individual freedoms and stifled innovation. To better understand the implications of dirigiste policies, we can look at historical examples. One notable instance is post-World War II France, where the government implemented a series of dirigiste measures to rebuild the economy. This included nationalization of key industries, heavy investment in infrastructure, and the establishment of economic plans aimed at fostering growth. As a result, the French economy experienced rapid growth during the 1950s and 1960s, often referred to as the "Trente Glorieuses" or "Glorious Thirty" years. However, the dirigiste model is not without its criticisms. Detractors argue that excessive government control can lead to inefficiencies, as bureaucratic processes may slow down decision-making and limit responsiveness to market changes. Additionally, there is the risk of corruption and favoritism, where government officials may prioritize certain industries or companies over others, creating an uneven playing field. This has led many to advocate for a more market-oriented approach, emphasizing deregulation and privatization. In the modern context, the debate surrounding dirigiste policies continues to be relevant as countries grapple with issues like income inequality, unemployment, and economic stagnation. Some nations have adopted a hybrid model, combining elements of both dirigisme and free-market capitalism. For instance, countries like Sweden and Norway maintain robust welfare states while also encouraging private enterprise. This blend allows for social safety nets that protect citizens while still fostering innovation and competition. Ultimately, the effectiveness of dirigiste policies largely depends on the specific context in which they are implemented. In some cases, targeted government intervention can successfully address market failures and promote equitable growth. In others, it may hinder progress and lead to economic stagnation. Therefore, policymakers must carefully consider the balance between state control and market freedom when designing economic strategies. In conclusion, the term dirigiste encapsulates a complex interplay between government intervention and economic management. As we navigate the challenges of the 21st century, the lessons learned from past experiences with dirigiste policies will be invaluable in shaping future economic frameworks. Understanding the nuances of this approach can help us create systems that harness the strengths of both government oversight and market dynamics, ultimately leading to a more prosperous society.

在政治和经济理论领域，术语dirigiste指的是一种政府对经济施加显著控制的系统。这个概念源于法国，用来描述一种强调国家干预的经济规划形式。dirigisme背后的理念是，政府可以在指导经济走向增长和稳定方面发挥关键作用，特别是在危机时期。虽然一些人认为这种方法可以导致效率和资源的公平分配，但其他人则警惕潜在的缺点，例如个人自由的减少和创新的抑制。 为了更好地理解dirigiste政策的影响，我们可以看看历史上的例子。一个显著的实例是二战后法国，政府实施了一系列dirigiste措施来重建经济。这包括对关键产业的国有化、对基础设施的重投资以及制定旨在促进增长的经济计划。因此，法国经济在1950年代和1960年代经历了快速增长，这段时间通常被称为“光辉三十年”。 然而，dirigiste模式并非没有批评。反对者认为，过度的政府控制可能导致低效率，因为官僚程序可能减缓决策过程并限制对市场变化的响应。此外，还有腐败和偏袒的风险，政府官员可能优先考虑某些行业或公司，从而造成不平等的竞争环境。这使得许多人倡导采用更市场导向的方法，强调放松管制和私有化。 在现代背景下，围绕dirigiste政策的辩论仍然具有相关性，因为各国正在努力应对收入不平等、失业和经济停滞等问题。一些国家采用混合模式，结合了dirigisme和自由市场资本主义的元素。例如，瑞典和挪威等国保持强大的福利国家，同时也鼓励私营企业。这种融合允许建立保护公民的社会安全网，同时仍然促进创新和竞争。 最终，dirigiste政策的有效性在很大程度上取决于其实施的具体背景。在某些情况下，针对性的政府干预可以成功解决市场失灵并促进公平增长。而在其他情况下，它可能阻碍进步并导致经济停滞。因此，政策制定者在设计经济战略时必须仔细考虑国家控制与市场自由之间的平衡。 总之，术语dirigiste概括了政府干预与经济管理之间复杂的相互作用。在我们应对21世纪的挑战时，以往对dirigiste政策的经验教训将对塑造未来经济框架至关重要。理解这一方法的细微差别可以帮助我们创建利用政府监督和市场动态优势的系统，最终导致一个更加繁荣的社会。