duricrust

简明释义

英[ˈdjʊərɪˌkrʌst]美[ˈdʊərɪkrʌst]

n. [地质] 硬壳；铝铁硅钙壳

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Duricrust is a hard layer on or near the surface of soil.

铝铁硅钙壳是土壤表面或其附近的一层硬物。

2.Duricrust is a hard layer on or near the surface of soil.

铝铁硅钙壳是土壤表面或其附近的一层硬物。

3.The landscape was dominated by a thick layer of duricrust, which made it difficult for plants to take root.

这片景观被厚厚的硬壳土所主导，使植物难以扎根。

4.Geologists often study duricrust formations to understand the history of soil erosion in arid regions.

地质学家常常研究硬壳土的形成，以了解干旱地区土壤侵蚀的历史。

5.In many desert environments, duricrust serves as a protective layer that prevents further soil degradation.

在许多沙漠环境中，硬壳土作为保护层，防止进一步的土壤退化。

6.The presence of duricrust indicates a long period of minimal rainfall in the area.

在该地区存在硬壳土表明长期降雨量很少。

7.Animals often find shelter under duricrust during the hottest parts of the day.

动物们常常在一天中最热的时段躲在硬壳土下避暑。

作文

In the study of geology, various terms are used to describe different types of landforms and soil structures. One such term is duricrust, which refers to a hardened layer of soil or rock that forms at or near the surface of the Earth. This layer is typically composed of minerals like silica, iron, and calcium carbonate, which precipitate from water as it evaporates. The formation of duricrust can significantly influence the landscape and ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for environmental scientists and geologists alike. The process of duricrust formation begins with the accumulation of minerals in the soil. In areas where rainfall is scarce, evaporation rates are high, leading to the concentration of dissolved minerals. Over time, these minerals crystallize and bind together, creating a hard, compact layer. This hardened crust can vary in thickness, sometimes just a few centimeters, while in other cases, it can extend several meters deep. The presence of duricrust affects the permeability of the soil, making it difficult for water to penetrate. As a result, vegetation in these areas often struggles to establish roots, leading to sparse plant life. Moreover, duricrust plays a significant role in the hydrology of arid landscapes. The impermeable nature of this crust means that water runoff increases, which can lead to erosion and the formation of gullies. This process can dramatically alter the landscape, creating unique geological features. Additionally, the presence of duricrust can impact local wildlife, as many species depend on specific soil conditions for their survival. For example, some insects and small mammals may find it challenging to burrow through a hardened surface, affecting their populations and the overall ecosystem. In terms of human activity, duricrust can pose both challenges and opportunities. In agricultural contexts, the presence of a hardened crust can limit the ability to cultivate land, as traditional farming methods may not be effective. Farmers may need to adopt specialized techniques or invest in technology that can break through the crust to access the soil beneath. However, understanding the characteristics of duricrust can also lead to innovative land management practices that enhance sustainability in these regions. Furthermore, duricrust is not just a geological curiosity; it has implications for climate change studies as well. As global temperatures rise and precipitation patterns shift, the dynamics of duricrust formation and degradation may change. Monitoring these changes can provide valuable insights into how ecosystems respond to climatic shifts. Scientists can use the presence and condition of duricrust as indicators of broader environmental changes, helping to predict future landscape transformations. In conclusion, the term duricrust encompasses an important aspect of geology that affects both natural ecosystems and human activities. By studying this hardened layer of soil, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the interactions between geology, hydrology, and biology in arid environments. As we continue to face challenges related to climate change and land use, the knowledge surrounding duricrust will undoubtedly play a vital role in developing sustainable strategies for managing our planet's resources.

在地质学研究中，使用各种术语来描述不同类型的地貌和土壤结构。其中一个术语是duricrust，指的是在地球表面或其附近形成的硬化土壤或岩石层。这一层通常由硅、铁和碳酸钙等矿物组成，这些矿物在水分蒸发时从水中沉淀下来。duricrust的形成会显著影响干旱和半干旱地区的地貌和生态系统。理解这一现象对环境科学家和地质学家来说至关重要。 duricrust形成的过程始于土壤中矿物的积累。在降雨稀少的地区，蒸发率高，导致溶解矿物的浓缩。随着时间的推移，这些矿物结晶并结合在一起，形成一层坚硬、紧凑的层。这种硬化的外壳厚度各异，有时只有几厘米，而在其他情况下则可能延伸数米。duricrust的存在影响了土壤的渗透性，使水难以渗透。因此，这些地区的植被往往难以扎根，导致植物生长稀疏。 此外，duricrust在干旱景观的水文学中也发挥着重要作用。这种外壳的不透水性质意味着水流量增加，这可能导致侵蚀和沟渠的形成。这个过程可以显著改变地貌，创造出独特的地质特征。此外，duricrust的存在可能影响当地野生动物，因为许多物种依赖特定的土壤条件来生存。例如，一些昆虫和小型哺乳动物可能发现很难在坚硬的表面下打洞，从而影响它们的种群和整体生态系统。 就人类活动而言，duricrust既带来挑战，也带来机遇。在农业环境中，硬化外壳的存在可能限制耕作土地的能力，因为传统的耕作方法可能无效。农民可能需要采用特殊技术或投资于能够穿透外壳以获取下面土壤的技术。然而，理解duricrust的特性也可以导致创新的土地管理实践，从而增强这些地区的可持续性。 此外，duricrust不仅是地质学的好奇心；它对气候变化研究也有影响。随着全球气温上升和降水模式变化，duricrust的形成和退化动态可能发生变化。监测这些变化可以提供宝贵的见解，了解生态系统如何响应气候变化。科学家可以利用duricrust的存在和状态作为更广泛环境变化的指标，帮助预测未来的景观转变。 总之，duricrust这一术语涵盖了一个重要的地质学方面，影响着自然生态系统和人类活动。通过研究这一硬化的土壤层，研究人员可以深入理解干旱环境中地质、水文学和生物学之间的相互作用。随着我们继续面临与气候变化和土地利用相关的挑战，围绕duricrust的知识无疑将在制定可持续管理地球资源的战略中发挥关键作用。