dynode

简明释义

英[ˈdaɪnəʊd]美[ˈdaɪˌnoʊd]

n. [电子] 倍增器电极；[电子] 打拿极；二次放射极

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The easiest way to accomplish this is to apply a potential across the entire tube and tap the dynode voltages off a voltage divider, as shown in Figure 4-13.

做到这一点最容易的方法是给整个光电倍增管的两端加上一个电压，然后从一个分压器的各个抽头取得供给各个倍增管电极的电压，如图4 - 13所示。

2.The easiest way to accomplish this is to apply a potential across the entire tube and tap the dynode voltages off a voltage divider, as shown in Figure 4-13.

做到这一点最容易的方法是给整个光电倍增管的两端加上一个电压，然后从一个分压器的各个抽头取得供给各个倍增管电极的电压，如图4 - 13所示。

3.It was concluded that the three key technologies are the glass microsphere classifying, MSP body molding and sintering, dynode making of MSP.

指出了微球板电子倍增器研制中的三项关键技术：玻璃微球的制作、分级，坯体的成型与烧结和打拿极制作。

4.The picoammeter reads the current at the last dynode, which is equal to the anode current minus the current flowing to the previous dynode.

皮安计在最后一个倍增管电极处读取电流，此电流等于阳极电流减去流过前一个倍增管电极的电流。

5.Electrons are accelerated by making the voltage of each successive dynode of the tube more positive than the previous one.

使每个连续的光电倍增管电极的电压都比它前面一个电极的电压更高，这样电子就得到加速。

6.The dynode signal generation principle is analyzed and its timing characteristic studied.

分析了信号的产生机理，并研究了它的定时性能。

7.A circuit for taking out timing signal from one dynode of photomultiplier is described.

介绍一种从光电倍增管倍增极引出快信号的电路。

8.The electron multiplier uses a series of dynodes to amplify the signal.

电子倍增器使用一系列动态电极来放大信号。

9.In a photomultiplier tube, each dynode increases the number of electrons emitted.

在光电倍增管中，每个动态电极都会增加发射的电子数量。

10.The design of the dynode significantly affects the efficiency of the detector.

动态电极的设计显著影响探测器的效率。

11.Adjusting the voltage on the first dynode can optimize performance.

调整第一个动态电极上的电压可以优化性能。

12.Each dynode in the chain contributes to the overall gain of the system.

链中的每个动态电极都对系统的整体增益有贡献。

作文

In the realm of physics and electronics, understanding the components that make up various devices is crucial for both students and professionals alike. One such component that often comes up in discussions about vacuum tubes and photomultiplier tubes is the dynode, which plays a pivotal role in the amplification of electrons. A dynode is essentially an electrode that is designed to multiply the number of electrons through a process known as secondary emission. This process occurs when an incoming electron strikes the surface of the dynode, causing the emission of additional electrons. The significance of this phenomenon cannot be overstated, as it forms the basis for many modern electronic devices, including scintillation counters and image intensifiers. To illustrate the importance of the dynode, let us consider a practical application: the photomultiplier tube (PMT). PMTs are widely used in fields such as medical imaging, nuclear physics, and astronomy. When light photons enter the tube, they first strike a photosensitive surface, releasing photoelectrons. These electrons are then directed towards the first dynode, where they collide and cause the emission of even more electrons. This cascading effect continues through a series of dynodes, leading to a significant amplification of the original signal. By the time the electrons reach the anode, the output current can be thousands of times greater than the initial input, allowing for the detection of extremely low levels of light. The design and arrangement of dynodes within a tube are critical for optimizing performance. Typically, the dynodes are arranged in a linear or circular fashion, with each one set at a specific voltage to ensure efficient electron multiplication. The choice of materials for dynodes also affects their efficiency and longevity. Common materials include bismuth, lead, and other metals that can withstand repeated impacts from high-energy electrons without degrading. Furthermore, the concept of dynode technology extends beyond traditional applications. In recent years, advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of new types of dynodes that offer improved performance characteristics. For instance, researchers have been exploring the use of nanostructured materials to create dynodes that can operate at lower voltages while still providing high levels of electron multiplication. This innovation could lead to more energy-efficient devices that maintain sensitivity and accuracy in detection. In conclusion, the dynode serves as a fundamental component in various electronic systems, particularly those involved in detecting and amplifying weak signals. Its ability to multiply electrons through secondary emission has made it indispensable in numerous scientific and industrial applications. As technology continues to evolve, the role of dynodes will likely expand, paving the way for new discoveries and advancements in multiple fields. Understanding the function and significance of the dynode not only enhances our knowledge of electronic devices but also inspires future innovations that can harness its capabilities more effectively.

在物理和电子学领域，理解构成各种设备的组件对学生和专业人士来说至关重要。其中一个在讨论真空管和光电倍增管时经常出现的组件是dynode，它在电子放大中发挥着关键作用。dynode本质上是一个电极，旨在通过称为二次发射的过程来乘以电子的数量。当一个入射电子撞击dynode的表面时，会导致额外电子的发射，这一过程发生。这个现象的重要性不容小觑，因为它构成了许多现代电子设备的基础，包括闪烁计数器和图像增强器。 为了说明dynode的重要性，让我们考虑一个实际应用：光电倍增管（PMT）。PMT广泛应用于医学成像、核物理和天文学等领域。当光子进入管内时，它们首先撞击一个光敏表面，释放出光电子。这些电子随后被引导到第一个dynode，在这里它们相撞并导致更多电子的发射。这种级联效应通过一系列dynodes持续进行，导致原始信号的显著放大。当电子到达阳极时，输出电流可以比初始输入大几千倍，从而允许检测极低水平的光。 dynodes在管内的设计和排列对于优化性能至关重要。通常，dynodes以线性或圆形方式排列，每个dynode设置在特定电压下，以确保有效的电子乘法。选择dynodes的材料也会影响其效率和耐用性。常见材料包括铋、铅和其他能够承受高能电子反复撞击而不降解的金属。 此外，dynode技术的概念超越了传统应用。近年来，纳米技术的进步导致开发出新的dynodes，提供了改进的性能特征。例如，研究人员一直在探索使用纳米结构材料来创建能够在较低电压下运行的dynodes，同时仍能提供高水平的电子乘法。这一创新可能导致更节能的设备，同时保持灵敏度和准确性。 总之，dynode作为各种电子系统中的基本组件，特别是在检测和放大微弱信号的系统中，其功能不可或缺。它通过二次发射乘以电子的能力使其在众多科学和工业应用中不可或缺。随着技术的不断发展，dynodes的角色可能会扩大，为多个领域的新发现和进步铺平道路。理解dynode的功能和重要性不仅增强了我们对电子设备的知识，也激励了未来的创新，使其能够更有效地利用其能力。