electrons

简明释义

英[ɪˈlɛktrɒnz]美[ɪˈlɛktrənz]

n. [物]电子（electron 的复数形式）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In a metal conductor, free electrons (电子) move easily, allowing electricity to flow.

在金属导体中，自由的电子(电子)容易移动，从而使电流流动。

2.When light hits a solar panel, it excites the electrons (电子), generating electricity.

当光照射到太阳能电池板时，它激发了电子(电子)，产生电力。

3.The movement of electrons (电子) in an electric circuit creates a magnetic field.

电路中电子(电子)的运动产生了磁场。

4.Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons (电子).

原子由质子、中子和电子(电子)组成。

5.In chemical reactions, electrons (电子) can be transferred between atoms.

在化学反应中，电子(电子)可以在原子之间转移。

作文

Electrons play a crucial role in the world of physics and chemistry. They are subatomic particles that carry a negative charge and are found in all atoms. Understanding electrons is fundamental to grasping how matter behaves and interacts with energy. In this essay, I will explore the significance of electrons（电子） in various scientific fields, their properties, and their applications in technology. To begin with, let us delve into the basic properties of electrons（电子）. An electron（电子） has a very small mass, approximately 1/1836 that of a proton, making it one of the lightest particles in the universe. Despite their minuscule size, electrons（电子） are essential for the structure of atoms. They orbit the nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, creating a cloud-like formation around it. This arrangement is what gives atoms their unique chemical properties and enables them to bond with other atoms to form molecules. The behavior of electrons（电子） is governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. Unlike larger objects, electrons（电子） do not have fixed positions; instead, they exist in probabilities. This means that we can only predict where an electron（电子） might be located at any given time. The concept of electron clouds and orbitals arises from this uncertainty, illustrating how electrons（电子） occupy different energy levels within an atom. In chemistry, the arrangement of electrons（电子） determines how atoms interact with one another. For instance, the outermost electrons（电子） in an atom, known as valence electrons, are primarily responsible for chemical bonding. Atoms tend to achieve stability by either sharing, losing, or gaining electrons（电子） during chemical reactions. This process leads to the formation of ionic and covalent bonds, which are the building blocks of all substances. Furthermore, electrons（电子） are integral to the development of modern technology. In electronics, the flow of electrons（电子） through conductive materials creates electric current, which powers devices such as computers, smartphones, and household appliances. The manipulation of electrons（电子） in semiconductors has revolutionized the tech industry, leading to the invention of transistors and integrated circuits. These innovations have profoundly changed the way we live and communicate. Moreover, the study of electrons（电子） has paved the way for advancements in fields such as quantum computing and nanotechnology. Quantum computers rely on the principles of superposition and entanglement, which involve the behavior of electrons（电子） at a quantum level. By harnessing the unique properties of electrons（电子）, scientists aim to create powerful computational systems that can solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers. In conclusion, electrons（电子） are fundamental components of matter that influence both the microscopic and macroscopic worlds. Their unique properties and behaviors are essential for understanding the nature of atoms, chemical reactions, and the development of technology. As we continue to explore the potential of electrons（电子） in various scientific fields, we unlock new possibilities that can shape the future of innovation and discovery.

电子在物理学和化学的世界中发挥着至关重要的作用。它们是带有负电荷的亚原子粒子，存在于所有原子中。理解电子对于掌握物质的行为及其与能量的相互作用至关重要。在这篇文章中，我将探讨电子在各个科学领域的重要性、它们的性质以及在技术中的应用。 首先，让我们深入了解电子的基本属性。电子的质量非常小，大约是质子质量的1/1836，使其成为宇宙中最轻的粒子之一。尽管它们的体积微小，但电子对原子的结构至关重要。它们围绕包含质子和中子的原子核旋转，形成一种云状结构。这种排列赋予了原子独特的化学性质，并使它们能够与其他原子结合形成分子。 电子的行为受量子力学原理的支配。与较大的物体不同，电子没有固定的位置；相反，它们以概率的形式存在。这意味着我们只能预测电子在任何给定时刻可能位于何处。电子云和轨道的概念正是源于这种不确定性，说明电子如何在原子内占据不同的能量水平。 在化学中，电子的排列决定了原子之间的相互作用。例如，原子中最外层的电子，被称为价电子，主要负责化学键的形成。原子倾向于通过共享、失去或获得电子来实现稳定。这一过程导致了离子键和共价键的形成，它们是所有物质的基础。 此外，电子在现代技术的发展中也是不可或缺的。在电子学中，电子通过导电材料的流动产生电流，为计算机、智能手机和家用电器等设备提供动力。对半导体中电子的操控彻底改变了科技行业，导致了晶体管和集成电路的发明。这些创新深刻地改变了我们的生活和交流方式。 此外，电子的研究为量子计算和纳米技术等领域的进步铺平了道路。量子计算机依赖于叠加和纠缠的原理，这涉及到电子在量子水平上的行为。通过利用电子的独特性质，科学家们旨在创建强大的计算系统，能够比传统计算机更快地解决复杂问题。 总之，电子是物质的基本组成部分，影响着微观和宏观世界。它们独特的性质和行为对于理解原子的性质、化学反应和技术的发展至关重要。随着我们继续探索电子在各个科学领域的潜力，我们开启了塑造创新和发现未来的新可能性。