electrophilic

简明释义

英[ɪˌlektrəʊˈfɪlɪk]美[ɪlektroʊˈfɪlɪk]

adj. [物化] 亲电子的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.This dissertation consists of five chapters summarized as follows:In chapter 1, the research progress on fluorescent probes containing electrophilic moiety for thiols and GST were summarized.

主要介绍了含亲电基团的荧光探针检测生物体系中毓基化合物及还原型谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性的研究进展，并提出本论文的研究设想。

2.This dissertation consists of five chapters summarized as follows:In chapter 1, the research progress on fluorescent probes containing electrophilic moiety for thiols and GST were summarized.

主要介绍了含亲电基团的荧光探针检测生物体系中毓基化合物及还原型谷胱甘肽硫转移酶活性的研究进展，并提出本论文的研究设想。

3.Vicarious nucleophilic substitution (VNS) of hydrogen is a new type of reaction which is different from the usual electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of the nitro arenes.

氢的替代亲核取代反应(VNS)是与硝基芳环的亲电反应、亲核反应不同的一种新反应。

4.The rearrangement of allylic double bond took placed in the course of these reaction. 6—12 are able to undergo a lot of electrophilic substitution reaction.

产物是双键经过重排的取代烯丙基二甲基甲氧基硅烷6—10，该产物可进行一系列亲电取代反应。

5.This paper describes the keteniminium salts formed by electrophilic activation of amides or ynamides with non-metal electrophilic reagents.

本文主要介绍非金属亲电试剂活化酰胺或炔酰胺制备的烯酮亚胺盐。

6.METHODS: Electrophilic substitution, reduction, oxidation and nucleophilic addition reaction were used in the synthesis of title compounds.

方法：通过亲核取代、还原、氧化、亲核加成等反应得到目的化合物。

7.Halogen atom could activate the triple bond and as the directing group, the triple bond occurs the electrophilic addition reaction.

卤原子作为保护基，代替末端炔发生碳-氢官能团化反应。

8.Conclusions GMA with electrophilic group could react with negatively charged centers on DNA and form GMA DNA adducts.

结论具有亲电子集团的GMA能与DNA带负电荷中心反应形成GMA - DNA加合物。

9.The substituting position of electrophilic group accord with experimental value.

亲电基取代位置和实验值完全一致。

10.In organic chemistry, a reaction involving a nucleophile attacking an electrophilic 亲电的 carbon atom is common.

在有机化学中，一个反应涉及到一个亲核试剂攻击一个electrophilic 亲电的碳原子是很常见的。

11.The electrophilic 亲电的 nature of the carbonyl group makes it a target for nucleophilic addition reactions.

羰基的electrophilic 亲电的特性使其成为亲核加成反应的目标。

12.In electrophilic aromatic substitution, the electrophilic 亲电的 species reacts with the aromatic ring.

在亲电芳香取代反应中，electrophilic 亲电的物种与芳香环反应。

13.Understanding the electrophilic 亲电的 sites in a molecule can help predict its reactivity.

理解分子中的electrophilic 亲电的位点可以帮助预测其反应性。

14.The formation of a carbocation is often associated with electrophilic 亲电的 attack in reaction mechanisms.

在反应机制中，碳正离子的形成通常与electrophilic 亲电的攻击相关。

作文

In the realm of organic chemistry, understanding the behavior of different types of molecules is crucial for predicting chemical reactions. One of the key concepts that chemists must grasp is the nature of electrophiles and nucleophiles. An electrophile is a species that accepts an electron pair from a nucleophile during a chemical reaction. The term electrophilic (亲电的) is derived from the Greek roots 'electro' meaning electric and 'philic' meaning loving. This indicates that electrophiles are electron-loving species, which play a pivotal role in many chemical processes. Electrophiles can be positively charged ions or neutral molecules with an incomplete octet, making them highly reactive. For instance, carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones, exhibit electrophilic (亲电的) characteristics because the carbon atom in the carbonyl group has a partial positive charge due to the electronegativity of oxygen. This polar nature makes the carbon atom susceptible to attack by nucleophiles, which are species that donate an electron pair. A classic example of an electrophilic (亲电的) reaction is the addition of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to an aldehyde. In this reaction, the carbon atom of the aldehyde, being an electrophilic (亲电的) center, is attacked by the nucleophile, which in this case is the cyanide ion (CN-). The result is the formation of a cyanohydrin, showcasing how electrophilic (亲电的) centers can facilitate the creation of new chemical bonds. Moreover, electrophilic aromatic substitution is another important reaction where electrophilic (亲电的) species react with aromatic compounds. In this process, an electrophile replaces a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring. A common example is the nitration of benzene, where benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid to form nitrobenzene. Here, the nitronium ion (NO2+) acts as the electrophilic (亲电的) species, demonstrating the significance of electrophilic (亲电的) reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. Understanding the concept of electrophilic (亲电的) reactivity is essential for chemists, as it allows them to design and predict the outcomes of various chemical reactions. By manipulating the conditions under which reactions occur, chemists can control the formation of products, leading to the development of new materials and pharmaceuticals. The ability to identify and utilize electrophilic (亲电的) centers in molecules is a powerful tool in the arsenal of any organic chemist. In conclusion, the term electrophilic (亲电的) encapsulates a fundamental aspect of chemical reactivity that is vital for understanding organic synthesis. By recognizing the properties and behaviors of electrophilic (亲电的) species, chemists can navigate the complex landscape of chemical reactions with greater confidence and creativity. As we continue to explore the intricate world of chemistry, the role of electrophilic (亲电的) interactions will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone of our understanding and application of chemical principles.