electrophorese

简明释义

英[/ɪˌlɛk.trəˈfɔːr.iːz/]美[/ɪˌlɛk.trəˈfɔːr.iːz/]

v. 使……电泳

第 三 人 称 单 数 e l e c t r o p h o r e s e s

现 在 分 词 e l e c t r o p h o r e s i n g

过 去 式 e l e c t r o p h o r e s e d

过 去 分 词 e l e c t r o p h o r e s e d

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In the lab, we will use electrophorese 电泳 to separate the DNA fragments.

在实验室，我们将使用electrophorese 电泳来分离DNA片段。

2.The scientist decided to electrophorese 电泳 the proteins to analyze their molecular weight.

科学家决定对蛋白质进行electrophorese 电泳以分析其分子量。

3.During the experiment, we observed how the samples would electrophorese 电泳 under an electric field.

在实验中，我们观察到样品如何在电场下electrophorese 电泳。

4.To visualize the results, we stained the gel after electrophorese 电泳 was completed.

为了可视化结果，我们在完成electrophorese 电泳后对凝胶进行了染色。

5.Researchers often use electrophorese 电泳 for genetic fingerprinting.

研究人员经常使用electrophorese 电泳进行基因指纹识别。

作文

Electrophoresis is a powerful technique used in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate charged particles, such as DNA, RNA, or proteins, based on their size and charge. The principle behind electrophorese (电泳) involves the movement of these molecules through a gel matrix when an electric field is applied. This method has revolutionized the way scientists analyze and manipulate biological samples, allowing for a deeper understanding of genetic material and protein structures. The process of electrophorese (电泳) begins with the preparation of a gel, usually made from agarose or polyacrylamide. These gels serve as a medium through which the charged molecules will migrate. Once the gel is prepared, samples containing the molecules of interest are loaded into wells at one end of the gel. When an electric current is applied, the negatively charged molecules, like DNA and RNA, move towards the positive electrode, while positively charged molecules move towards the negative electrode. As the molecules travel through the gel, they encounter resistance from the gel matrix, which causes smaller molecules to move faster than larger ones. This size-dependent migration allows for the separation of different molecules within the sample. After a predetermined amount of time, the electric field is turned off, and the gel is stained to visualize the separated bands of molecules. One of the most common applications of electrophorese (电泳) is in the analysis of DNA. Researchers use this technique to check the quality and quantity of DNA extracted from various sources, such as blood, tissues, or cells. By comparing the size of the DNA fragments to a standard ladder, scientists can determine if the extraction was successful and if the DNA is suitable for further experiments, such as cloning or sequencing. In addition to DNA analysis, electrophorese (电泳) is also widely used in protein studies. Proteins can be separated based on their size and charge, allowing researchers to identify specific proteins in complex mixtures. This is particularly useful in proteomics, where scientists aim to study the entire set of proteins expressed by a cell or organism under specific conditions. Moreover, electrophorese (电泳) plays a crucial role in clinical diagnostics. For instance, it is used to detect abnormal proteins in patient samples, which can indicate various diseases, including multiple myeloma and other blood disorders. By analyzing the patterns of protein bands generated during electrophoresis, clinicians can gain valuable insights into a patient's health status. Despite its many advantages, electrophorese (电泳) does have some limitations. For example, the technique requires careful optimization of several parameters, including gel concentration, voltage, and running time, to achieve optimal separation. Additionally, while electrophoresis can separate molecules, it does not provide information about their functional properties or interactions. In conclusion, electrophorese (电泳) is an essential tool in modern biology that enables scientists to separate and analyze charged molecules effectively. Its applications range from basic research to clinical diagnostics, making it a versatile and valuable technique in the life sciences. As technology continues to advance, it is likely that electrophorese (电泳) will evolve further, providing even more insights into the molecular world around us.

电泳是一种强大的技术，广泛应用于生物化学和分子生物学中，用于根据分子大小和电荷分离带电粒子，如DNA、RNA或蛋白质。electrophorese（电泳）背后的原理涉及在施加电场时，这些分子通过凝胶基质的运动。这种方法彻底改变了科学家分析和操作生物样本的方式，使他们能够更深入地理解遗传物质和蛋白质结构。 electrophorese（电泳）的过程始于凝胶的制备，通常由琼脂糖或聚丙烯酰胺制成。这些凝胶作为带电分子迁移的介质。一旦凝胶准备好，含有感兴趣分子的样品被加载到凝胶一端的孔中。当施加电流时，带负电的分子（如DNA和RNA）向正电极移动，而带正电的分子则向负电极移动。 随着分子通过凝胶的迁移，它们遇到凝胶基质的阻力，这使得较小的分子比较大的分子移动得更快。这种基于大小的迁移允许分离样品中的不同分子。在预定时间后，电场关闭，凝胶被染色以可视化分离的分子带。 electrophorese（电泳）最常见的应用之一是在DNA分析中。研究人员使用这种技术检查从各种来源（如血液、组织或细胞）提取的DNA的质量和数量。通过将DNA片段的大小与标准梯度进行比较，科学家可以确定提取是否成功，以及DNA是否适合进一步实验，例如克隆或测序。 除了DNA分析，electrophorese（电泳）还广泛用于蛋白质研究。蛋白质可以根据其大小和电荷进行分离，使研究人员能够识别复杂混合物中的特定蛋白质。这在蛋白质组学中特别有用，科学家旨在研究特定条件下细胞或生物体表达的全部蛋白质集合。 此外，electrophorese（电泳）在临床诊断中也发挥着至关重要的作用。例如，它用于检测患者样本中的异常蛋白质，这可能表明各种疾病，包括多发性骨髓瘤和其他血液疾病。通过分析电泳产生的蛋白质带的模式，临床医生可以获得有关患者健康状态的宝贵见解。 尽管有许多优点，electrophorese（电泳）确实存在一些局限性。例如，该技术需要仔细优化多个参数，包括凝胶浓度、电压和运行时间，以实现最佳分离。此外，尽管电泳可以分离分子，但它并不提供有关其功能特性或相互作用的信息。 总之，electrophorese（电泳）是现代生物学中一种重要的工具，使科学家能够有效地分离和分析带电分子。它的应用范围从基础研究到临床诊断，使其成为生命科学中一种多功能且有价值的技术。随着技术的不断进步，electrophorese（电泳）可能会进一步发展，为我们提供更多关于周围分子世界的见解。