empiricism

简明释义

英[ɪmˈpɪrɪsɪzəm]美[ɪmˈpɪrɪsɪzəm]

n. 经验主义；经验论

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In classical empiricism, the truth of―"All balls are red," for example, is assessed by inspecting balls; any observation of a non red ball refutes unequivocally the proposed generalization.

在古典经验主义中，对比如“所有球都是红色的”这一真理的评价是通过观察球来进行的；任何对非红球的观察都毫不含糊地驳斥了提出的泛化论。

2.That is why we have been concentrating on combatting subjectivism, which has two aspects: dogmatism and empiricism.

反对主观主义有两个方面，即反对教条主义和反对经验主义。

3.Rationalism and empiricism have been in the opposite position in the history of philosophical study.

理性主义和经验主义在以往的哲学研究中历来处于对立的地位。

4.Rationalism and empiricism are the two main research methods in the field of Natural Language Processing by Computers.

在自然语言的计算机处理中有理性主义和经验主义两种主要的研究方法。

5.Empiricism is the common ground of logical positivism and John Dewey's philosophy.

经验主义是逻辑实证主义和杜威哲学的共同前提。

6.The essence of Modern British empiricism lies in its theory on substance.

近代英国经验论的演变从根本上讲是其实体观的演变。

7.He cut the third way between the empiricism and the rationalism.

他在经验论与唯理论之间开辟了第三条道路。

8.Meanwhile, dewey's empiricism and inquiry theory are the precondition of his social management philosophy .

而杜威的经验哲学和“探究”理论则是其社会管理哲学的一般前提。

9.The corpus research is based on the empiricism philosophy.

语料库研究是建立在经验主义哲学的基础之上的。

10.The scientist relied on empiricism to validate his theories through experiments.

这位科学家依靠经验主义通过实验来验证他的理论。

11.In medicine, empiricism plays a crucial role in developing effective treatments.

在医学中，经验主义在开发有效治疗方案中发挥着重要作用。

12.Philosophers often debate the merits of empiricism versus rationalism.

哲学家们常常争论经验主义与理性主义的优劣。

13.The educational approach emphasizes empiricism by encouraging hands-on learning.

这种教育方法强调经验主义，鼓励实践学习。

14.Many technological advancements are the result of empiricism in research and development.

许多技术进步都是研究与开发中经验主义的结果。

作文

In the realm of philosophy and science, the concept of empiricism plays a crucial role in shaping our understanding of knowledge and reality. Empiricism is a theory that asserts that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience. This means that what we know about the world is derived from what we can see, hear, touch, taste, and smell. The roots of empiricism can be traced back to ancient philosophers, but it was during the Enlightenment that it truly flourished, with thinkers like John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume advocating for the importance of observation and experience in the acquisition of knowledge. One of the most significant contributions of empiricism to modern science is its emphasis on experimentation. In the scientific method, hypotheses must be tested through controlled experiments where data is gathered through observation. This process allows scientists to validate or refute their theories based on empirical evidence. For instance, when studying the effects of a new drug, researchers will conduct clinical trials to observe the outcomes in patients, thereby relying on empiricism to draw conclusions about the drug's efficacy and safety. Moreover, empiricism encourages skepticism towards claims that cannot be supported by observable evidence. This critical approach is essential in distinguishing between valid scientific claims and pseudoscience. For example, while anecdotal evidence may suggest that a certain herbal remedy cures an illness, empiricism demands rigorous testing and peer-reviewed studies to confirm such claims. This reliance on observable data helps prevent misinformation and promotes a more accurate understanding of health and medicine. However, empiricism is not without its criticisms. Some philosophers argue that it overlooks the role of innate ideas or rational thought in the formation of knowledge. For instance, Immanuel Kant proposed that while our knowledge begins with experience, there are certain concepts and categories that shape our understanding of those experiences. This leads to an interesting debate between empiricism and rationalism, each offering valuable insights into how we perceive the world around us. In education, the principles of empiricism can be applied to enhance learning experiences. Hands-on activities, experiments, and real-world applications allow students to engage with material actively, fostering a deeper understanding of concepts. For example, in a science class, rather than merely reading about chemical reactions, students might conduct experiments to observe these reactions firsthand. This experiential learning aligns with the tenets of empiricism, reinforcing the idea that knowledge is best acquired through direct experience. In conclusion, empiricism is a foundational concept in both philosophy and science that emphasizes the importance of sensory experience in the acquisition of knowledge. Its influence is evident in the scientific method, educational practices, and critical thinking. While it faces challenges from other philosophical perspectives, the value of empiricism in promoting evidence-based understanding cannot be overstated. As we navigate an increasingly complex world filled with information, embracing the principles of empiricism can help us make informed decisions and foster a culture of inquiry and learning.

在哲学和科学领域，经验主义的概念在塑造我们对知识和现实的理解方面发挥着至关重要的作用。经验主义是一种理论，主张知识主要来自感官经验。这意味着我们对世界的了解源于我们能看到、听到、触摸、品尝和嗅到的事物。经验主义的根源可以追溯到古代哲学家，但它在启蒙时代真正蓬勃发展，约翰·洛克、乔治·贝克莱和大卫·休谟等思想家倡导观察和经验在知识获取中的重要性。 经验主义对现代科学最重要的贡献之一是强调实验的重要性。在科学方法中，假设必须通过控制实验进行测试，通过观察收集数据。这个过程使科学家能够根据实证证据验证或驳斥他们的理论。例如，在研究新药的效果时，研究人员会进行临床试验，以观察患者的结果，从而依赖经验主义得出关于药物有效性和安全性的结论。 此外，经验主义鼓励对无法通过可观察证据支持的主张持怀疑态度。这种批判性的方法对于区分有效的科学主张和伪科学至关重要。例如，虽然轶事证据可能表明某种草药疗法可以治愈疾病，但经验主义要求经过严格的测试和同行评审的研究来确认这些主张。这种对可观察数据的依赖有助于防止错误信息的传播，促进对健康和医学的更准确理解。 然而，经验主义并非没有批评。一些哲学家认为，它忽视了先天观念或理性思维在知识形成中的作用。例如，伊曼纽尔·康德提出，虽然我们的知识始于经验，但有一些概念和范畴塑造了我们对这些经验的理解。这导致了经验主义与理性主义之间有趣的辩论，各自提供了对我们如何感知周围世界的宝贵见解。 在教育中，经验主义的原则可以应用于增强学习体验。动手活动、实验和现实世界的应用使学生能够积极参与材料，从而加深对概念的理解。例如，在科学课上，学生不仅仅是阅读化学反应，而是可能进行实验以亲自观察这些反应。这种体验式学习与经验主义的原则相一致，强化了知识最佳通过直接经验获得的理念。 总之，经验主义是哲学和科学中的一个基础概念，强调感官经验在知识获取中的重要性。它的影响在科学方法、教育实践和批判性思维中显而易见。尽管面临其他哲学观点的挑战，但经验主义在促进基于证据的理解方面的价值不容低估。在我们走过一个信息日益复杂的世界时，拥抱经验主义的原则可以帮助我们做出明智的决策，并培养探索和学习的文化。