endospore

简明释义

英[ˈendə(ʊ)spɔː]美[ˈendəˌspoʊr]

n. 孢子内壁；[植] 内生孢子；内芽孢

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The longitudinal slit probably has the function of releasing endospore. From the complicated structure, it can be inferred that these organisms might be of eukaryote.

另据标本所显示的规则的开口结构，推测其可能具有释放内生孢子的功能，因此视其为可能的真核生物。

2.The longitudinal slit probably has the function of releasing endospore. From the complicated structure, it can be inferred that these organisms might be of eukaryote.

另据标本所显示的规则的开口结构，推测其可能具有释放内生孢子的功能，因此视其为可能的真核生物。

3.The bacterium can survive extreme conditions by forming an endospore 内孢子.

这种细菌通过形成一个endospore 内孢子来抵御极端环境。

4.Scientists study endospores 内孢子 to understand how bacteria endure harsh environments.

科学家研究endospores 内孢子以了解细菌如何在恶劣环境中生存。

5.The presence of endospores 内孢子 in soil samples indicates a history of bacterial activity.

土壤样本中存在endospores 内孢子表明曾经有细菌活动的历史。

6.During the sterilization process, endospores 内孢子 are often the most resistant forms of life.

在消毒过程中，endospores 内孢子通常是最耐受的生命形式。

7.Certain types of bacteria can revert from their endospore 内孢子 state back to active growth.

某些类型的细菌可以从它们的endospore 内孢子状态恢复到活跃生长。

作文

The fascinating world of microorganisms often reveals complex survival mechanisms that have evolved over millions of years. One of the most intriguing features of certain bacteria is their ability to form structures known as endospores. An endospore (内生孢子) is a highly resistant, dormant structure that allows bacteria to survive in extreme environmental conditions. This remarkable adaptation is crucial for their survival, especially when faced with unfavorable conditions such as extreme heat, desiccation, radiation, and chemical exposure. The process of endospore formation begins when a bacterial cell senses stress in its environment. This could be due to nutrient depletion, changes in temperature, or other adverse conditions. In response to these stresses, the bacterium initiates a complex developmental program that leads to the formation of an endospore. During this process, the bacterial cell undergoes asymmetric cell division, resulting in a smaller compartment called the forespore, which will eventually develop into the endospore. As the forespore matures, it becomes encased in several protective layers, including a thick peptidoglycan layer and a tough outer coat made of proteins. These layers provide a formidable barrier against physical and chemical insults, making the endospore exceptionally resilient. Additionally, within the endospore, the bacterial DNA is tightly packed and protected, ensuring that the genetic material remains intact even under harsh conditions. One of the most well-known genera of bacteria that produce endospores is Bacillus. Species such as Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, and Bacillus cereus, which can cause food poisoning, are notorious for their ability to form endospores. These bacteria can remain dormant for years, only to reactivate and multiply when conditions become favorable again. This ability not only aids in their survival but also poses significant challenges in public health and food safety. The resilience of endospores has practical implications in various fields, including medicine, food preservation, and biotechnology. For instance, the presence of endospores in food products can lead to spoilage and foodborne illnesses. Therefore, understanding the biology of endospores is essential for developing effective food safety protocols and sterilization techniques. Moreover, researchers are exploring the potential of endospores in biotechnology. Their stability and resistance properties make them suitable candidates for delivering vaccines and drugs in a controlled manner. By encapsulating therapeutic agents within endospores, scientists aim to enhance the efficacy and stability of these treatments, particularly in challenging environments. In conclusion, endospores (内生孢子) represent a remarkable evolutionary adaptation that allows certain bacteria to endure extreme conditions. Their unique structural characteristics and ability to remain dormant for extended periods provide insights into microbial survival strategies. As we continue to explore the significance of endospores in both natural ecosystems and applied sciences, it becomes increasingly clear that these tiny structures play a vital role in the resilience and versatility of microbial life. Understanding endospores not only enriches our knowledge of microbiology but also opens up new avenues for innovation in health and industry.

微生物的迷人世界常常揭示出经过数百万年演化而形成的复杂生存机制。其中，某些细菌能够形成被称为endospores（内生孢子）的结构，这一特征尤为引人注目。endospores是一种高度耐受的休眠结构，使细菌能够在极端环境条件下生存。这种非凡的适应能力对它们的生存至关重要，特别是在面临极端高温、干燥、辐射和化学暴露等不利条件时。 内生孢子形成的过程始于细菌细胞感知到其环境中的压力。这可能是由于营养物质耗尽、温度变化或其他不利条件。作为对这些压力的反应，细菌启动了一种复杂的发育程序，导致endospore的形成。在这一过程中，细菌细胞经历不对称细胞分裂，产生一个称为前孢子的较小部分，最终将发展为endospore。 随着前孢子的成熟，它被包裹在几层保护膜中，包括厚厚的肽聚糖层和由蛋白质构成的坚固外壳。这些层为物理和化学损伤提供了强大的屏障，使得endospore具有极高的抗性。此外，在endospore内部，细菌DNA被紧密打包并保护，确保在恶劣条件下遗传物质保持完整。 最著名的产生endospores的细菌属之一是芽孢杆菌（Bacillus）。例如，炭疽杆菌（Bacillus anthracis）是炭疽病的病原体，而蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）则可能导致食物中毒，这些细菌以其形成endospores的能力而闻名。这些细菌可以保持休眠状态多年，只有在条件变得有利时才会重新激活和繁殖。这种能力不仅有助于它们的生存，还给公共卫生和食品安全带来了重大挑战。 endospores的韧性在医学、食品保存和生物技术等多个领域具有实际意义。例如，食品产品中存在的endospores可能导致腐败和食源性疾病。因此，了解endospores的生物学对于制定有效的食品安全协议和灭菌技术至关重要。 此外，研究人员正在探索endospores在生物技术中的潜力。它们的稳定性和耐受性使其成为控制药物和疫苗释放的合适候选者。通过将治疗剂封装在endospores中，科学家们旨在增强这些治疗方法的有效性和稳定性，特别是在具有挑战性的环境中。 总之，endospores（内生孢子）代表了一种非凡的进化适应，使某些细菌能够忍受极端条件。它们独特的结构特征和在长时间内保持休眠的能力为微生物生存策略提供了深刻的见解。随着我们继续探索endospores在自然生态系统和应用科学中的重要性，越来越清楚的是，这些微小的结构在微生物生命的韧性和多样性中发挥着重要作用。理解endospores不仅丰富了我们对微生物学的知识，也为健康和工业领域的创新开辟了新途径。