endosymbiotic

简明释义

英[/ˌɛndoʊsɪmˈbɪɒtɪk/]美[/ˌɛndoʊsɪmˈbɪɒtɪk/]

内共生的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Plastids are essential organelles of plant cells and it is believed that plastids have arisen from an endosymbiotic event between a protoeukaryote and a photosynthetic prokaryote.

叶绿体是植物细胞内的一种重要细胞器，它起源于早期具有光合能力的原核生物与真核生物的内共生事件。

2.Plastids are essential organelles of plant cells and it is believed that plastids have arisen from an endosymbiotic event between a protoeukaryote and a photosynthetic prokaryote.

叶绿体是植物细胞内的一种重要细胞器，它起源于早期具有光合能力的原核生物与真核生物的内共生事件。

3.Interestingly, endosymbiotic proteins that migrated to the plant nucleus became larger than their cyanobacterial orthologs.

有趣的是，迁移至植物核内的内共生蛋白会变得比蓝藻直系同源还要大。

4.The theory of endosymbiotic 内共生的 organisms explains how certain organelles in eukaryotic cells originated.

内共生的生物理论解释了真核细胞中某些细胞器是如何起源的。

5.Many scientists believe that mitochondria are endosymbiotic 内共生的 bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

许多科学家认为线粒体是被祖先真核细胞吞噬的内共生的细菌。

6.The endosymbiotic 内共生的 relationship between coral and algae is crucial for the survival of coral reefs.

珊瑚与藻类之间的内共生关系对于珊瑚礁的生存至关重要。

7.Research into endosymbiotic 内共生的 relationships has provided insights into evolutionary biology.

对内共生关系的研究为进化生物学提供了见解。

8.The endosymbiotic 内共生的 theory is supported by genetic evidence showing similarities between chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.

内共生理论得到了遗传证据的支持，显示出叶绿体与蓝藻之间的相似性。

作文

The concept of endosymbiotic relationships is a fascinating area of study in biology that explains how certain organisms can live within others in a mutually beneficial way. This theory, first proposed by the American biologist Lynn Margulis in the 1960s, suggests that eukaryotic cells, which make up complex organisms like plants and animals, originated from the symbiotic merger of different prokaryotic cells. In simpler terms, it posits that some of the organelles found in eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, were once independent bacteria that entered into a endosymbiotic relationship with a host cell. This idea revolutionized our understanding of cellular evolution and has far-reaching implications for how we view the interconnectedness of life on Earth. The endosymbiotic theory provides a compelling explanation for the presence of double membranes around mitochondria and chloroplasts, as well as their own circular DNA, which is similar to that of bacteria. These pieces of evidence suggest that these organelles were once free-living organisms that adapted to a new lifestyle within a host cell, ultimately becoming indispensable components of the cell’s functionality. One of the most striking examples of endosymbiotic relationships can be seen in the case of corals and the photosynthetic algae called zooxanthellae. Corals provide a protective environment for the algae, while the algae perform photosynthesis, supplying nutrients to the coral in return. This mutualistic relationship is crucial for the survival of coral reefs, which are among the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. Without the endosymbiotic partnership between corals and zooxanthellae, these vibrant underwater habitats would not exist as we know them today. Another example can be found in the realm of gut microbiota, where various microorganisms reside within the digestive tracts of animals, including humans. These microbes help break down complex carbohydrates and synthesize essential vitamins, showcasing a modern-day endosymbiotic relationship that plays a vital role in the health of the host organism. Research has shown that a balanced gut microbiome is crucial for overall health, influencing everything from digestion to immune function. Understanding endosymbiotic relationships not only highlights the complexity of biological interactions but also emphasizes the importance of cooperation and interdependence in nature. It challenges the traditional view of evolution as a competitive struggle for survival, suggesting instead that collaboration can lead to greater success. This perspective can be applied beyond biology, inspiring fields such as ecology, sociology, and even economics, where cooperative strategies can lead to more sustainable and resilient systems. In conclusion, the endosymbiotic theory offers profound insights into the origins of complex life forms and the intricate relationships that sustain ecosystems. By studying these interdependent connections, we gain a deeper appreciation for the web of life that surrounds us and the delicate balance that must be maintained to ensure the health of our planet. As we continue to explore the mysteries of biology, the concept of endosymbiotic relationships will undoubtedly remain a key area of interest, revealing the remarkable ways in which life evolves and thrives through cooperation.

内共生关系的概念是生物学中一个迷人的研究领域，它解释了某些生物如何能够在彼此内部以互利的方式生存。这个理论最早由美国生物学家林恩·马古利斯于20世纪60年代提出，建议真核细胞（构成植物和动物等复杂生物的细胞）起源于不同原核细胞的共生融合。简单来说，它认为真核细胞中发现的一些细胞器，如线粒体和叶绿体，曾经是独立的细菌，这些细菌进入了与宿主细胞的endosymbiotic关系。 这一观点彻底改变了我们对细胞进化的理解，并对我们如何看待地球上生命的相互联系产生了深远的影响。endosymbiotic理论提供了一个令人信服的解释，说明线粒体和叶绿体周围存在双膜的原因，以及它们拥有的环状DNA，这与细菌的DNA相似。这些证据表明，这些细胞器曾经是自由生活的生物，适应了在宿主细胞内的新生活方式，最终成为细胞功能不可或缺的组成部分。 内共生关系的一个最引人注目的例子可以在珊瑚和光合作用藻类（称为虫黄藻）之间看到。珊瑚为藻类提供保护环境，而藻类进行光合作用，反过来为珊瑚提供养分。这种互惠关系对于珊瑚礁的生存至关重要，珊瑚礁是地球上最丰富多样的生态系统之一。如果没有珊瑚与虫黄藻之间的endosymbiotic伙伴关系，这些生动的水下栖息地就不会像我们今天所知道的那样存在。 另一个例子可以在动物（包括人类）的消化道内发现，那里居住着各种微生物。这些微生物帮助分解复杂的碳水化合物并合成必需的维生素，展示了一种现代的endosymbiotic关系，在这种关系中，宿主生物的健康起着至关重要的作用。研究表明，平衡的肠道微生物组对于整体健康至关重要，影响从消化到免疫功能的一切。 理解endosymbiotic关系不仅突显了生物相互作用的复杂性，还强调了自然界中合作和相互依赖的重要性。它挑战了传统的将进化视为竞争生存斗争的观点，反而暗示合作可以导致更大的成功。这种观点可以应用于生物学之外，激励生态学、社会学甚至经济学等领域，在这些领域中，合作策略可以导致更可持续和有韧性的系统。 总之，endosymbiotic理论提供了对复杂生命形式起源及其维持生态系统的错综复杂关系的深刻见解。通过研究这些相互依赖的联系，我们对包围我们的生命网络以及必须维持的微妙平衡有了更深的理解，以确保我们星球的健康。随着我们继续探索生物学的奥秘，内共生关系的概念无疑将仍然是一个关键的研究领域，揭示生命通过合作进化和繁荣的非凡方式。