enthalpy

简明释义

英[enˈθælpɪ]美[enˈθælpi]

n. [热] 焓；[热] 热函；热含量

复 数 e n t h a l p i e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.So this irreversible process this Joule-Thomson process, is a constant enthalpy process.

所以这个不可逆过程,也就是焦耳-汤姆逊过程,是一个等焓过程。

2.With help of this package, the enthalpy - exergy diagram of water and steam is drawn.

在此软件包的基础之上绘制了水和水蒸汽的焓火用图。

3.But if the system is in equilibrium, none of those states has lower enthalpy.

但是如果系统处于平衡态，所有其他的态都不可能具有更低的自由焓。

4.What we've been talking about, the Joule-Thomson experiment, constant enthalpy process?

首先，刚才说的，那些有什么问题吗？,焦耳-汤姆逊实验，等焓过程？

5.And it relates the temperature change in the Gibbs free energy with the enthalpy change.

这个方程把吉布斯自由能中的温度变化，和焓的变化联系起来。

6.Only differences in enthalpy are of practical engineering interest.

在实际工程上有意义的只是热含量之差。

7.Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a kind of phase change materials with high enthalpy and low thermal hysteresis.

聚乙二醇相变材料是一类相变焓较高、热滞后效应低的储能材料。

8.The chill effect is found to depends upon the enthalpy change of the base materials and coating depth.

焓变涂料激冷作用的大小，取决于基料物质比焓变的大小以及涂层厚度等因素。

9.The solvent effects, the compensation of the activation enthalpy, and the activation entropy were discussed.

对溶剂效应和焓-熵补偿作用进行了讨论。

10.In thermodynamics, the change in enthalpy 焓 is often used to calculate the heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction.

在热力学中，焓的变化常用于计算化学反应中吸收或释放的热量。

11.The enthalpy 焓 of vaporization is an important property when designing distillation processes.

蒸发的焓是设计分馏过程时的重要属性。

12.Engineers calculate the enthalpy 焓 of a gas mixture to optimize combustion efficiency.

工程师计算气体混合物的焓以优化燃烧效率。

13.The enthalpy 焓 of formation is crucial for understanding the stability of compounds.

生成的焓对理解化合物的稳定性至关重要。

14.When water boils, its enthalpy 焓 increases significantly as it changes from liquid to gas.

当水沸腾时，其焓显著增加，因为它从液体变为气体。

作文

In the study of thermodynamics, one of the key concepts that scientists and engineers must grasp is enthalpy. Defined as the total heat content of a system, enthalpy plays a crucial role in understanding energy transfer during chemical reactions and physical processes. The term itself is derived from the Greek word 'enthalpos', which means 'to put warmth into'. This concept is essential not only in chemistry but also in various fields such as engineering, meteorology, and even biology. To better understand enthalpy, we can consider its formula: H = U + PV, where H represents enthalpy, U is the internal energy of the system, P is the pressure, and V is the volume. This equation illustrates how enthalpy accounts for both the internal energy of a substance and the energy associated with the pressure-volume work. In practical terms, this means that when a chemical reaction occurs at constant pressure, the change in enthalpy (ΔH) can be measured to determine whether the reaction is exothermic (releasing heat) or endothermic (absorbing heat). For example, when we burn fuel in a car engine, the chemical reaction releases energy in the form of heat. This process results in a negative change in enthalpy since energy is being released into the surroundings. Conversely, when ice melts into water, the process requires an input of heat, leading to a positive change in enthalpy as energy is absorbed from the environment. Understanding enthalpy also has practical implications in industries such as refrigeration and air conditioning. Engineers must calculate the enthalpy changes involved in these processes to design systems that efficiently transfer heat. For instance, in a refrigeration cycle, refrigerants undergo phase changes that involve significant enthalpy changes, which are critical for the cooling effect. Moreover, enthalpy is crucial in environmental science, particularly in studying climate change. The enthalpy of vaporization, for instance, refers to the amount of energy required to convert liquid water into vapor. Understanding this concept helps scientists predict weather patterns and understand the energy dynamics of our planet. In summary, enthalpy is a fundamental concept that bridges various scientific disciplines. Its importance cannot be overstated, as it influences everything from industrial processes to natural phenomena. By comprehending enthalpy and its applications, students and professionals can better appreciate the complexities of energy transfer and the behavior of materials under different conditions. As we continue to explore the intricacies of thermodynamics, enthalpy will undoubtedly remain a pivotal element in our quest for knowledge and innovation. Thus, mastering the concept of enthalpy is essential for anyone engaged in scientific research or practical applications in technology and environmental studies.

在热力学研究中，科学家和工程师必须掌握的关键概念之一是焓。焓被定义为一个系统的总热内容，在理解化学反应和物理过程中的能量转移时，焓发挥着至关重要的作用。这个术语本身源自希腊词“enthalpos”，意思是“将温暖放入”。这一概念不仅在化学中至关重要，在工程、气象甚至生物学等多个领域也同样重要。 为了更好地理解焓，我们可以考虑它的公式：H = U + PV，其中H代表焓，U是系统的内能，P是压力，V是体积。这个方程说明了焓如何同时考虑物质的内能和与压强-体积功相关的能量。在实际应用中，这意味着当化学反应在恒定压力下发生时，可以通过测量焓的变化(ΔH)来确定反应是放热反应(释放热量)还是吸热反应(吸收热量)。 例如，当我们在汽车发动机中燃烧燃料时，化学反应释放出热量。这一过程导致焓的变化为负值，因为能量正被释放到周围环境中。相反，当冰融化成水时，该过程需要输入热量，导致焓的变化为正值，因为能量从环境中被吸收。 理解焓在制冷和空调等行业也具有实际意义。工程师必须计算这些过程中的焓变化，以设计出有效转移热量的系统。例如，在制冷循环中，制冷剂经历相变，涉及显著的焓变化，这对制冷效果至关重要。 此外，焓在环境科学中也至关重要，特别是在研究气候变化时。蒸发焓指的是将液态水转变为水蒸气所需的能量。这一概念的理解帮助科学家预测天气模式，并理解我们星球的能量动态。 总之，焓是一个基本概念，连接了各种科学学科。它的重要性不容低估，因为它影响着从工业过程到自然现象的一切。通过理解焓及其应用，学生和专业人士可以更好地欣赏能量转移的复杂性以及材料在不同条件下的行为。随着我们继续探索热力学的复杂性，焓无疑将继续成为我们追求知识和创新的关键要素。因此，掌握焓的概念对于任何从事科学研究或技术和环境研究实际应用的人来说都是必不可少的。