epigenetics

简明释义

英[ˈepɪdʒəˈnetɪks]美[ˌepɪdʒˈnetɪks]

n. [胚] 实验胚胎学，表观遗传学

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.All this explains why the scientific community is so nervously excited about epigenetics.

这就很好地解释了科学家为啥对外基因如此兴奋，甚至略显亢奋。

2.All this explains why the scientific community is so nervously excited about epigenetics.

这就很好地解释了科学家为啥对外基因如此兴奋，甚至略显亢奋。

3.The concept of epigenetics offers an explanation for this result.

表观遗传学的概念对这一结果给出了解释。

4.The field they are investigating is known as epigenetics.

他们正在研究的领域属于实验胚胎学。

5.And that's a big challenge in the field of epigenetics.

对表观遗传学来说，这是一个巨大的挑战。

6.What can we learn from epigenetics in the year 2009?

2009年，我们能从表观遗传学中学到什么？

7.Epigenetics is the study of gene regulation.

表观遗传学是研究基因调控。

8.Recent studies in epigenetics 表观遗传学 have shown how environmental factors can influence gene expression.

最近的研究表明，表观遗传学 epigenetics 如何受到环境因素的影响，从而影响基因表达。

9.Understanding epigenetics 表观遗传学 could lead to breakthroughs in cancer treatment.

理解表观遗传学 epigenetics 可能会导致癌症治疗的突破。

10.The field of epigenetics 表观遗传学 is revolutionizing our approach to genetics and heredity.

表观遗传学epigenetics 的领域正在彻底改变我们对遗传学和遗传的看法。

11.Researchers are exploring the role of epigenetics 表观遗传学 in mental health disorders.

研究人员正在探索表观遗传学 epigenetics 在心理健康障碍中的作用。

12.Diet and lifestyle choices can have significant effects on epigenetics 表观遗传学 and overall health.

饮食和生活方式的选择可以对表观遗传学 epigenetics 和整体健康产生重大影响。

作文

In recent years, the field of biology has made significant strides in understanding the complexities of genetic expression. One of the most fascinating areas of study is epigenetics, which refers to the changes in gene activity that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. These changes can affect how genes are turned on or off and can have profound implications for an organism's development, health, and behavior. To grasp the concept of epigenetics, it is essential to understand that our DNA is not the sole determinant of our traits. While our genetic code provides the blueprint for our biological makeup, it is the regulation of this code that ultimately influences how we express our genes. This regulation can be influenced by various factors, including environmental conditions, lifestyle choices, and even experiences. One of the key mechanisms involved in epigenetics is the addition or removal of chemical tags on the DNA or the proteins associated with it. These modifications can either promote or inhibit gene expression. For example, methylation, a common epigenetic modification, involves adding a methyl group to DNA, which can prevent certain genes from being expressed. Conversely, acetylation can enhance gene expression by loosening the DNA structure, making it more accessible for transcription. The implications of epigenetics extend beyond individual health; they also touch upon evolutionary biology. Research suggests that epigenetic changes can be passed down through generations, allowing organisms to adapt to their environments without altering their genetic code. This phenomenon raises intriguing questions about inheritance and evolution. For instance, if a parent experiences stress and undergoes epigenetic changes as a result, could those changes be transmitted to their offspring? Studies have shown that such transgenerational epigenetic inheritance is indeed possible, highlighting the dynamic interplay between genetics and environment. Moreover, epigenetics plays a crucial role in various diseases, including cancer. Abnormal epigenetic modifications can lead to the silencing of tumor suppressor genes or the activation of oncogenes, contributing to cancer development. Understanding these mechanisms opens up new avenues for targeted therapies that aim to reverse harmful epigenetic changes and restore normal gene function. In the realm of mental health, epigenetics has also emerged as a vital area of research. Studies indicate that experiences such as trauma or chronic stress can lead to lasting epigenetic changes that may predispose individuals to mental health disorders. This insight underscores the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors in mental health treatment and prevention strategies. As we continue to explore the intricacies of epigenetics, it becomes increasingly clear that our understanding of biology is evolving. The traditional view of genetics as a static blueprint is being replaced by a more dynamic perspective that recognizes the influence of external factors on gene expression. This shift not only enhances our comprehension of biological processes but also holds promise for developing innovative approaches to healthcare, agriculture, and environmental conservation. In conclusion, epigenetics represents a groundbreaking field that bridges the gap between genetics and environmental science. By unraveling the complex interactions between our genes and the world around us, we can gain deeper insights into the mechanisms underlying health and disease. As research in this area advances, it is likely to transform our understanding of biology and open up new possibilities for improving human health and well-being.

近年来，生物学领域在理解基因表达的复杂性方面取得了显著进展。其中一个最引人入胜的研究领域是表观遗传学，它指的是基因活性的变化，这些变化并不涉及对基础DNA序列的改变。这些变化可以影响基因的开启或关闭，并对生物体的发展、健康和行为产生深远的影响。 要理解表观遗传学的概念，首先必须明白我们的DNA并不是我们特征的唯一决定因素。虽然我们的基因组提供了我们生物构造的蓝图，但正是这种蓝图的调控最终影响了我们如何表达基因。这种调控可以受到多种因素的影响，包括环境条件、生活方式选择，甚至是经历。 涉及表观遗传学的一个关键机制是对DNA或与之相关的蛋白质添加或去除化学标签。这些修饰可以促进或抑制基因表达。例如，甲基化是一种常见的表观遗传修饰，它涉及向DNA添加甲基基团，从而可能阻止某些基因的表达。相反，乙酰化可以通过松弛DNA结构来增强基因表达，使其更容易进行转录。 表观遗传学的影响不仅限于个体健康；它们还涉及到进化生物学。研究表明，表观遗传变化可以通过几代人传递，使生物体能够在不改变其基因组的情况下适应环境。这一现象引发了关于遗传和进化的有趣问题。例如，如果一个父母经历了压力并因此发生了表观遗传变化，那么这些变化是否可能传给他们的后代？研究表明，确实存在这样的跨代表观遗传遗传现象，突显了基因与环境之间的动态相互作用。 此外，表观遗传学在各种疾病中也发挥着至关重要的作用，包括癌症。异常的表观遗传修饰可以导致肿瘤抑制基因的沉默或癌基因的激活，从而促进癌症的发展。理解这些机制为针对性疗法开辟了新的途径，旨在逆转有害的表观遗传变化并恢复正常的基因功能。 在心理健康领域，表观遗传学也已成为一个重要的研究领域。研究表明，创伤或慢性压力等经历可能导致持久的表观遗传变化，这些变化可能使个体易患心理健康障碍。这一发现强调了在心理健康治疗和预防策略中考虑遗传和环境因素的重要性。 随着我们继续探索表观遗传学的复杂性，我们越来越清楚地认识到我们对生物学的理解正在不断发展。传统上将遗传学视为静态蓝图的观点正被一种更动态的视角所取代，这种视角承认外部因素对基因表达的影响。这一转变不仅增强了我们对生物过程的理解，还为开发创新的医疗保健、农业和环境保护方法提供了希望。 总之，表观遗传学代表了一个突破性的领域，架起了遗传学与环境科学之间的桥梁。通过揭示基因与周围世界之间的复杂相互作用，我们可以更深入地了解健康和疾病背后的机制。随着这一领域研究的进展，它很可能会改变我们对生物学的理解，并为改善人类健康和福祉开辟新的可能性。