epigenetic

简明释义

英[ˌepɪdʒɪˈnetɪk]美[ˌepədʒəˈnetɪk]

adj. 后生的；外成的；渐成说的；表观遗传的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.When animals are cloned, epigenetic changes can occur.

克隆动物后，表观遗传的变化就会发生。

2.Moreover, the methylation patterns were clustered together in large swaths of DNA, suggesting an epigenetic pattern linked to humans’ early environments.

而且，甲基化的模式在DNA长链中被聚集到一起，显示了与早期环境相关的后天模式。

3.But because the DNA code itself remained unchanged, Morris's team suggest that the changes in gene expression are epigenetic.

但由于DNA密码本身并无变化，莫里斯的团队认为这些基因表达的调整是表观的。

4.Methylation is an epigenetic modification to one's DNA that changes a gene's activity, generally reducing that activity within the genome.

甲基化作用是对DNA的后天修改，并改变基因活动，通常是在基因组内减少这个活动。

5.The importance of such “epigenetic” inheritance is controversial; some researchers reckon it trivial while others think its role is underestimated.

这种基因调整后进行的遗传的重要性还受到争议；一些研究者认为它是不重要的，然而另一些认为它的角色被低估了。

6.But it's hard to tell in most natural populations whether inheritance is due to DNA sequence variation or epigenetic changes.

但在自然界大多数种群中，很难判断遗传是否源于DNA序列改变或者表观基因变异。

7.But Dr Szyf still wanted to know what triggers epigenetic tagging in response to maternal care.

不过Szyf博士还想知道是什么把表现遗传与母性关怀联系起来。

8.Drug companies have developed some treatments that reset epigenetic information in cancerous cells, making them revert back to being healthy.

各大制药公司已研发出一些治疗方法，可以将癌细胞中的表观遗传信息进行复位，使这些癌细胞回复到健康状态。

9.And drinking and smoking can have epigenetic effects in offspring.

吸烟酗酒也会对子女产生外遗传影响。

10.Research has shown that environmental factors can lead to epigenetic 表观遗传学 changes that affect gene expression.

研究表明，环境因素可以导致表观遗传学变化，从而影响基因表达。

11.The study of epigenetic 表观遗传学 mechanisms is crucial for understanding complex diseases.

对表观遗传学机制的研究对理解复杂疾病至关重要。

12.Certain diets have been linked to epigenetic 表观遗传学 modifications that can influence health outcomes.

某些饮食与表观遗传学修饰有关，这可能影响健康结果。

13.Stress can induce epigenetic 表观遗传学 changes that may be passed down to future generations.

压力可以引发表观遗传学变化，这些变化可能会遗传给后代。

14.Scientists are exploring epigenetic 表观遗传学 therapies as potential treatments for cancer.

科学家们正在探索表观遗传学疗法作为癌症潜在治疗方案。

作文

The field of biology has seen numerous breakthroughs in recent years, one of the most fascinating being the study of epigenetic changes. These changes refer to modifications that affect gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. In simpler terms, epigenetic (表观遗传) mechanisms can turn genes on or off, influencing how cells read those genes. This discovery has profound implications for our understanding of development, disease, and even behavior. To understand epigenetic changes, it is essential to recognize that our DNA is not the sole determinant of our traits. While genetics provides the blueprint, epigenetic factors can modify how these blueprints are interpreted. For instance, identical twins share the same genetic makeup, yet they may exhibit different physical characteristics and health conditions. This discrepancy can often be attributed to epigenetic influences, such as environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and even experiences. One of the most well-known examples of epigenetic changes is the impact of diet on gene expression. Research has shown that what we eat can lead to epigenetic modifications that affect our metabolism and overall health. For example, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables may promote beneficial epigenetic alterations that reduce the risk of chronic diseases, while a diet high in processed foods may have the opposite effect. This highlights the importance of nutrition not just for physical well-being but also for its potential role in shaping our genetic destiny. Moreover, epigenetic changes are not limited to individual health; they can also be passed down through generations. This phenomenon, known as transgenerational inheritance, suggests that the experiences of our ancestors can influence our genetic expression. For instance, studies have indicated that individuals who experienced famine or severe stress may pass epigenetic markers to their offspring, potentially affecting their health and behavior. This raises intriguing questions about the long-term effects of environmental pressures and how they can shape the genetic landscape of future generations. In addition to health implications, epigenetic research is making waves in the field of psychology. It has been suggested that epigenetic factors may play a role in mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Stressful life events can lead to epigenetic modifications that alter brain function and behavior. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for new therapeutic approaches that target epigenetic changes, offering hope for individuals struggling with mental health issues. As we continue to explore the complexities of epigenetic regulation, the potential applications in medicine and public health are vast. From personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored based on an individual's epigenetic profile, to strategies aimed at preventing disease through lifestyle interventions, the future looks promising. The more we learn about epigenetic mechanisms, the better equipped we will be to address some of the most pressing health challenges of our time. In conclusion, the study of epigenetic changes represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of biology. It emphasizes that our genes are not our destiny; rather, they are influenced by a myriad of factors that can change over time. As research in this field advances, it holds the potential to revolutionize our approach to health, disease prevention, and even our understanding of human behavior. The implications of epigenetic science are profound, reminding us that we are not merely products of our genes, but dynamic beings shaped by our environment and experiences.

生物学领域近年来取得了许多突破，其中最引人入胜的研究之一就是对表观遗传变化的研究。这些变化是指影响基因表达的修饰，而不改变基础的DNA序列。简单来说，表观遗传(epigenetic)机制可以开启或关闭基因，影响细胞如何读取这些基因。这一发现对我们理解发育、疾病甚至行为有着深远的影响。 要理解表观遗传变化，首先必须认识到我们的DNA并不是我们特征的唯一决定因素。尽管遗传提供了蓝图，但表观遗传因素可以修改这些蓝图的解释方式。例如，同卵双胞胎共享相同的基因组成，但他们可能表现出不同的外貌特征和健康状况。这种差异往往可以归因于表观遗传影响，例如环境因素、生活方式选择甚至经历。 一个众所周知的表观遗传变化的例子是饮食对基因表达的影响。研究表明，我们吃的东西可以导致表观遗传修饰，从而影响我们的代谢和整体健康。例如，富含水果和蔬菜的饮食可能促进有益的表观遗传变化，降低慢性疾病的风险，而高加工食品的饮食可能产生相反的效果。这突显了营养不仅对身体健康的重要性，还对塑造我们的基因命运的潜在作用。 此外，表观遗传变化不仅限于个人健康；它们还可以通过几代人传递下去。这种现象称为跨代遗传，表明我们祖先的经历可以影响我们的基因表达。例如，研究表明，经历过饥荒或严重压力的人可能将表观遗传标记传递给后代，可能影响他们的健康和行为。这引发了关于环境压力的长期影响以及它们如何塑造未来几代人的基因景观的有趣问题。 除了健康影响之外，表观遗传研究在心理学领域也引起了轰动。有人建议，表观遗传因素可能在心理健康障碍中发挥作用，例如抑郁症和焦虑症。压力事件可以导致表观遗传修饰，改变大脑功能和行为。理解这些机制可能为针对表观遗传变化的新治疗方法铺平道路，为那些与心理健康问题作斗争的人们带来希望。 随着我们继续探索表观遗传调控的复杂性，在医学和公共卫生领域的潜在应用是广泛的。从个性化医学，即根据个人的表观遗传档案量身定制治疗，到旨在通过生活方式干预预防疾病的策略，未来看起来充满希望。我们对表观遗传机制的了解越多，我们就越能应对我们时代的一些最紧迫的健康挑战。 总之，表观遗传变化的研究代表了我们对生物学理解的范式转变。它强调我们的基因并不是我们的命运；相反，它们受到多种因素的影响，这些因素会随着时间的推移而变化。随着这一领域研究的进展，它有潜力彻底改变我们对健康、疾病预防甚至人类行为的理解。表观遗传科学的影响深远，提醒我们，我们不仅仅是基因的产物，而是受到环境和经历塑造的动态存在。