epimerase

简明释义

英[ˌɛpɪˈmɛr eɪs]美[ˌɛpɪˈmɛr eɪs]

n. 表异构酶；差向异构酶

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Cloning and expression of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine2-epimerase.

乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺2-差向异构酶基因的克隆及表达。

2.Cloning and expression of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine2-epimerase.

乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺2-差向异构酶基因的克隆及表达。

3.The enzyme epimerase plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism by converting one sugar epimer into another.

酶epimerase在碳水化合物代谢中扮演着重要角色，通过将一种糖的表异构体转化为另一种。

4.Researchers are studying the mechanisms of epimerase to develop new drugs that target metabolic disorders.

研究人员正在研究epimerase的机制，以开发针对代谢紊乱的新药。

5.In glycolysis, the action of epimerase can influence the energy yield from glucose.

在糖酵解过程中，epimerase的作用会影响葡萄糖的能量产出。

6.The epimerase enzyme is essential for the biosynthesis of certain antibiotics.

epimerase酶对某些抗生素的生物合成至关重要。

7.Mutations in the gene coding for epimerase can lead to metabolic diseases.

编码epimerase的基因突变可能导致代谢疾病。

作文

In the world of biochemistry, enzymes play a crucial role in catalyzing various reactions that are essential for life. One such enzyme is known as epimerase, which is vital for the interconversion of sugars. Specifically, epimerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of one sugar epimer to another. An epimer is a type of stereoisomer where two compounds differ in configuration at only one specific carbon atom. This means that while the overall structure of the sugar may be similar, the arrangement of atoms around that particular carbon can lead to significant differences in the properties and functions of the sugars involved. To understand the importance of epimerase, we must first explore the role of carbohydrates in biological systems. Carbohydrates are one of the four major macromolecules necessary for life, alongside proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They serve as a primary energy source for cells, provide structural support in cell walls, and are involved in cell signaling. The ability to convert one form of sugar into another allows organisms to adapt their metabolic pathways according to their needs. For instance, the interconversion of glucose and galactose is facilitated by an epimerase known as UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. This enzyme is crucial for the proper metabolism of galactose, especially in human infants who consume lactose from milk. The mechanism by which epimerase operates involves the temporary formation of a reaction intermediate. During this process, the enzyme binds to the substrate (the sugar molecule) and alters its configuration at the specific carbon atom. Once the conversion is complete, the newly formed sugar is released, and the enzyme returns to its original state, ready to catalyze another reaction. This efficiency is what makes enzymes like epimerase so effective in biological systems. Moreover, the study of epimerase has significant implications in medicine and biotechnology. For example, understanding how these enzymes work can lead to advancements in treating metabolic disorders caused by deficiencies in carbohydrate metabolism. Conditions such as galactosemia, where individuals cannot properly metabolize galactose due to a lack of functional epimerase, can result in severe health issues. By studying this enzyme, researchers hope to develop new therapies that can either supplement or replace the missing enzyme activity. In addition to its medical applications, epimerase also plays a role in industrial processes. Enzymes are increasingly being used in the production of sweeteners, biofuels, and other bioproducts. By harnessing the power of epimerase, industries can create more efficient pathways for converting raw materials into valuable products, minimizing waste and maximizing yield. In conclusion, epimerase is a fascinating enzyme that exemplifies the intricate nature of biochemical processes. Its ability to convert sugar epimers is not only essential for proper metabolism but also holds promise for medical and industrial advancements. As research continues to unravel the complexities of enzymes like epimerase, we gain deeper insights into the fundamental processes that sustain life and how we can manipulate these processes for beneficial outcomes.

在生物化学的世界中，酶在催化生命所需的各种反应中发挥着至关重要的作用。其中一种酶被称为epimerase，它对糖的相互转化至关重要。具体来说，epimerase是一种催化一种糖的表异构体转化为另一种表异构体的酶。表异构体是一种立体异构体，其中两个化合物在特定碳原子上的构型不同。这意味着，虽然糖的整体结构可能相似，但该特定碳周围原子的排列可能导致涉及的糖的性质和功能显著不同。 为了理解epimerase的重要性，我们必须首先探讨碳水化合物在生物系统中的作用。碳水化合物是生命所需的四大宏观分子之一，与蛋白质、脂质和核酸并列。它们作为细胞的主要能量来源，为细胞壁提供结构支持，并参与细胞信号传递。将一种形式的糖转化为另一种形式的能力使生物体能够根据其需求调整代谢途径。例如，葡萄糖与半乳糖之间的相互转化是由一种名为UDP-半乳糖4-epimerase的酶促进的。这种酶对于人类婴儿适当代谢半乳糖至关重要，尤其是在他们从牛奶中摄取乳糖的时候。 epimerase的工作机制涉及反应中间体的暂时形成。在此过程中，酶与底物（糖分子）结合并改变其在特定碳原子上的构型。一旦转化完成，新形成的糖被释放，酶返回到其原始状态，准备催化另一个反应。这种效率使得像epimerase这样的酶在生物系统中如此有效。 此外，对epimerase的研究在医学和生物技术中具有重要意义。例如，了解这些酶的工作原理可以推动治疗由于碳水化合物代谢缺陷而引起的代谢疾病的进展。诸如半乳糖血症这样的疾病，患者由于缺乏功能性epimerase而无法正确代谢半乳糖，这可能导致严重的健康问题。通过研究这种酶，研究人员希望开发出新的疗法，可以补充或替代缺失的酶活性。 除了医学应用之外，epimerase在工业过程中也发挥着作用。酶越来越多地用于甜味剂、生物燃料和其他生物产品的生产。通过利用epimerase的力量，工业可以创造出更高效的原材料转化为有价值产品的途径，最小化废物并最大化产量。 总之，epimerase是一种迷人的酶，典范了生物化学过程的复杂性。它将糖的表异构体转化的能力不仅对适当的代谢至关重要，而且对医学和工业进步也蕴含着希望。随着研究继续揭示像epimerase这样的酶的复杂性，我们对维持生命的基本过程以及如何操纵这些过程以获得有益结果的深入见解将不断加深。