etic

简明释义

英[ˈiːtɪk]美[ˈetɪk]

adj. （对特定语言和文化的描述）非位的，素的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.By using the techniques of in vitro bone marrow long-term liquid culture system, we observed the morphological features of murine bone marrow stroma cells and their hemotopo etic regulation.

应用体外骨髓基质细胞贴壁培养的方法，观察了小鼠骨髓贴壁细胞的形态及其对造血的调控作用。

2.Las bridas insuficientemente separadas pueden deteriorar el anillo elastico. if the flanges are not sufficiently separated they could damage the etic ring.

在安装蹀阀时，如果法兰未能给予蹀阀充分的空间将会损坏密封圈。

3.In the process of culture rotifer Brachionus plicatilis with Baker's yeast and a certain amount of spiraling algae powder, we add Photosynth-etic Bacteria (PSB) in our experiments.

以面包酵母与一定量螺旋藻粉培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的过程中，添加光合细菌液进行实验。

4.In this paper, we improve Gen etic operators, and use the improved Genetic Algorithms to solve flight management. Results of simulation show that improved Genetic Algorithms is effective.

对遗传算法的算子加以改进，并用改进后的遗传算法求解飞行管理问题，模拟结果表明该算法有效。

5.Emic: a term in contrast with etic which originates from American linguist Pike's distinction of phonetics and phonemics.

非位的：来自于美国语言学家派克对与语音学和音位学的区分的一个术语，与位学的相对。

6.In conducting research on cultural and ethnic minority issues, investigators distinguish between the emic approach and the etic approach.

在对文化和少数民族问题进行研究时，研究者区分了主位法和客位法。

7.The anthropologist took an etic approach to studying the rituals of the tribe, focusing on observable behaviors.

人类学家采用了外部视角的方法来研究部落的仪式，专注于可观察的行为。

8.In her research paper, she contrasted etic and emic perspectives in cultural analysis.

在她的研究论文中，她对文化分析中的外部视角和内部视角进行了对比。

9.The etic description of the festival included its historical context and significance.

该节日的外部视角描述包括其历史背景和重要性。

10.Using an etic lens, the researcher aimed to understand the social dynamics at play.

研究者使用外部视角，旨在理解社会动态。

11.The documentary provided an etic view of the community's struggles and achievements.

这部纪录片提供了社区斗争与成就的外部视角。

作文

In the field of anthropology, researchers often encounter two distinct perspectives when studying cultures: the emic and the etic. The emic perspective refers to understanding a culture from within, using the concepts and categories that are meaningful to the people of that culture. In contrast, the etic perspective involves analyzing a culture from an external viewpoint, applying universal categories and frameworks that may not necessarily reflect the beliefs or values of the culture being studied. This distinction is crucial for anthropologists as they seek to gain a comprehensive understanding of human behavior and social practices. For instance, consider a ritual performed by a particular indigenous group. From an emic perspective, an anthropologist would immerse themselves in the community, participating in the ritual and listening to the participants' explanations about its significance. They would aim to understand the cultural context, symbolism, and emotional resonance of the ritual from the insiders' viewpoint. This approach allows for a deep appreciation of the nuances and meanings that are often lost when viewed through an external lens. On the other hand, the etic perspective might involve the anthropologist observing the same ritual but focusing on its structure and function without necessarily engaging with the participants. They might analyze the ritual in terms of broader sociological theories or psychological motivations, seeking patterns that can be generalized across different cultures. While this approach can yield valuable insights, it risks oversimplifying the complexity of the ritual and ignoring the specific cultural context that gives it meaning. The interplay between etic and emic perspectives is vital for a holistic understanding of cultural phenomena. By combining both approaches, researchers can develop a more nuanced analysis that respects the integrity of the culture while also situating it within larger global frameworks. For example, a study on marriage customs might examine how an etic analysis highlights commonalities in marital practices across cultures, such as the importance of kinship ties, while an emic approach reveals the unique rituals and beliefs that characterize marriage in a specific culture. Moreover, the etic perspective can sometimes challenge assumptions held by the members of a culture themselves. For instance, an anthropologist might discover through etic analysis that a seemingly universal practice has different meanings in different contexts, prompting a reevaluation of what is considered 'normal' or 'natural' within a culture. This kind of critical reflection can lead to greater awareness and appreciation of cultural diversity. In conclusion, the distinction between etic and emic perspectives is essential for anyone engaged in the study of cultures. Understanding these two approaches allows researchers to appreciate the complexities of human societies and fosters a more respectful and informed dialogue between cultures. By recognizing the value of both perspectives, we can enrich our understanding of the world and the diverse ways in which people make sense of their lives. Ultimately, the goal of anthropology is not only to document cultural practices but also to foster empathy and understanding among different peoples, bridging the gap between the etic and emic worlds.

在人类学领域，研究人员在研究文化时常常会遇到两种不同的视角：内在视角（emic）和外在视角（etic）。内在视角指的是从文化内部理解文化，使用对该文化的人们有意义的概念和类别。相反，外在视角则涉及从外部观点分析文化，应用普遍的类别和框架，这些可能并不一定反映被研究文化的信仰或价值观。这一区别对人类学家至关重要，因为他们寻求全面理解人类行为和社会实践。 例如，考虑一个特定土著群体所进行的仪式。从内在视角来看，人类学家将沉浸在社区中，参与仪式，并倾听参与者对其重要性的解释。他们将旨在了解文化背景、象征意义和仪式所带来的情感共鸣。这种方法使人们能够深入欣赏那些通过外部透镜往往被忽视的细微差别和意义。 另一方面，外在视角可能涉及人类学家观察同样的仪式，但关注其结构和功能，而不一定与参与者互动。他们可能根据更广泛的社会学理论或心理动机分析仪式，寻找可以在不同文化中普遍适用的模式。虽然这种方法可以产生有价值的见解，但它也可能简化仪式的复杂性，忽视赋予其意义的特定文化背景。 内外视角之间的相互作用对于全面理解文化现象至关重要。通过结合这两种方法，研究人员可以发展出更细致的分析，尊重文化的完整性，同时也将其置于更大的全球框架中。例如，一项关于婚姻习俗的研究可能会考察外在分析如何突出不同文化中婚姻实践的共同点，例如亲属关系的重要性，而内在方法则揭示了特定文化中独特的仪式和信仰。 此外，外在视角有时可以挑战文化成员自身持有的假设。例如，人类学家可能通过外在分析发现，看似普遍的实践在不同背景下具有不同的意义，从而促使人们重新评估在文化中被视为“正常”或“自然”的东西。这种批判性反思可以导致对文化多样性的更大意识和欣赏。 总之，内在视角和外在视角之间的区别对于任何从事文化研究的人来说都是必不可少的。理解这两种方法使研究人员能够欣赏人类社会的复杂性，并促进不同文化之间更尊重和知情的对话。通过认识到这两种视角的价值，我们可以丰富我们对世界的理解，以及人们生活的多样方式。最终，人类学的目标不仅是记录文化实践，还要促进不同民族之间的同理心和理解，弥合内外世界之间的鸿沟。