exocyclic

简明释义

英[ˌeksəʊˈsaɪklɪk]美[ˌeksoʊˈsaɪklɪk]

adj. 环外的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In this dissertation, Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of quinoline derivatives, pyridine derivatives and exocyclic enamines have been studied.

本论文研究了铱催化的喹啉和吡啶衍生物以及环外烯胺的不对称氢化。

2.In this dissertation, Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of quinoline derivatives, pyridine derivatives and exocyclic enamines have been studied.

本论文研究了铱催化的喹啉和吡啶衍生物以及环外烯胺的不对称氢化。

3.The compound's stability was attributed to its exocyclic 外环的 structure.

该化合物的稳定性归因于其exocyclic 外环的结构。

4.In organic chemistry, an exocyclic 外环的 bond can significantly affect reactivity.

在有机化学中，exocyclic 外环的键可以显著影响反应性。

5.The researchers focused on the exocyclic 外环的 features of the molecule during their study.

研究人员在研究中集中关注了分子的exocyclic 外环的特征。

6.Understanding the exocyclic 外环的 interactions is crucial for predicting the behavior of the compound.

理解exocyclic 外环的相互作用对于预测化合物的行为至关重要。

7.The synthesis of the new drug involved an exocyclic 外环的 intermediate.

新药的合成涉及一个exocyclic 外环的中间体。

作文

In the realm of organic chemistry, the term exocyclic refers to a specific structural feature of certain cyclic compounds. When we talk about a compound being exocyclic, we are describing a situation where a substituent or functional group extends outward from the ring structure of the molecule, rather than being part of the ring itself. This concept is crucial for understanding the reactivity and properties of various organic compounds. To illustrate this concept, let us consider cyclohexane, a simple six-membered carbon ring. If we were to modify cyclohexane by adding a methyl group (-CH3) at one of its carbon atoms, we would have a substituted cyclohexane. If this methyl group is attached to a carbon atom that is part of the ring, it is considered an endocyclic substitution. However, if the methyl group were to extend outside of the ring, it would be classified as exocyclic. The distinction between exocyclic and endocyclic groups is not merely academic; it has practical implications in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, materials science, and biochemistry. For instance, the reactivity of a molecule can change significantly based on whether a substituent is exocyclic or endocyclic. This is because exocyclic groups can often engage in different types of chemical reactions compared to their endocyclic counterparts. Moreover, the presence of exocyclic substituents can influence the three-dimensional shape of a molecule, which in turn affects how it interacts with other molecules. In drug design, for example, understanding the spatial arrangement of atoms and groups in a compound is critical for predicting its biological activity. Researchers can manipulate exocyclic and endocyclic features to optimize the efficacy and selectivity of drugs. In addition to its significance in chemistry, the concept of exocyclic structures also finds relevance in the study of natural products. Many biologically active compounds, such as alkaloids and terpenes, contain exocyclic features that are essential for their function. The exploration of these natural products has led to the discovery of numerous therapeutic agents, underscoring the importance of understanding molecular structures. In conclusion, the term exocyclic plays a vital role in the field of organic chemistry, providing insights into the behavior and characteristics of cyclic compounds. By recognizing the implications of exocyclic substitutions, chemists can better predict reactivity, design effective drugs, and explore the vast world of natural products. The ongoing research in this area continues to reveal the intricate connections between molecular structure and function, demonstrating the importance of terms like exocyclic in advancing our understanding of chemistry and its applications. As students and researchers delve deeper into the complexities of organic chemistry, mastering the concept of exocyclic will undoubtedly enhance their ability to innovate and contribute to this dynamic field.

在有机化学领域，术语exocyclic指的是某些环状化合物的特定结构特征。当我们谈论一个化合物为exocyclic时，我们是在描述一个取代基或功能团从分子的环结构向外延伸，而不是成为环的一部分。这一概念对于理解各种有机化合物的反应性和性质至关重要。为了说明这一概念，让我们考虑环己烷，这是一种简单的六元碳环。如果我们通过在其一个碳原子上添加一个甲基（-CH3）来修改环己烷，我们将得到一个取代环己烷。如果这个甲基附着在环的一部分碳原子上，它被认为是内环取代（endocyclic）。然而，如果甲基延伸到环的外部，它将被归类为exocyclic。 exocyclic和内环取代之间的区别不仅仅是学术上的；它在制药、材料科学和生物化学等多个领域中具有实际意义。例如，分子的反应性可以根据取代基是exocyclic还是内环而显著变化。这是因为exocyclic基团通常可以与其他化学反应以不同的方式进行反应，与它们的内环对应物相比。 此外，exocyclic取代基的存在可以影响分子的三维形状，从而影响其与其他分子的相互作用。在药物设计中，例如，理解化合物中原子和基团的空间排列对预测其生物活性至关重要。研究人员可以操纵exocyclic和内环特征，以优化药物的效能和选择性。 除了在化学中的重要性，exocyclic结构的概念在天然产物的研究中也具有相关性。许多生物活性化合物，如生物碱和萜类，含有对其功能至关重要的exocyclic特征。这些天然产物的探索导致了众多治疗剂的发现，突显了理解分子结构的重要性。 总之，术语exocyclic在有机化学领域中发挥着至关重要的作用，为环状化合物的行为和特性提供了深刻的见解。通过认识到exocyclic取代基的影响，化学家可以更好地预测反应性，设计有效的药物，并探索广阔的天然产品世界。在这一领域的持续研究继续揭示分子结构与功能之间的复杂联系，证明了像exocyclic这样的术语在推进我们对化学及其应用的理解中的重要性。 随着学生和研究人员深入探讨有机化学的复杂性，掌握exocyclic的概念无疑将增强他们创新和推动这一动态领域发展的能力。