exosporium

简明释义

英[ˌeksəʊˈspɔːrɪəm]美[ˌeksoˈspɔriəm;ˌeksoˈsporiəm]

n. 外生孢子；（孢子或花粉）外壁

复 数 e x o s p o r i a

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.One inclusion was formed within the exosporium and remained with the spore after mother cell lysis.

在母细胞裂解后，在孢子囊内形成一个包涵体，并保留在孢子中。

2.One inclusion was formed within the exosporium and remained with the spore after mother cell lysis.

在母细胞裂解后，在孢子囊内形成一个包涵体，并保留在孢子中。

3.The outer layer of the spore, known as the exosporium, protects it from environmental stresses.

孢子的外层，称为外孢膜，保护它免受环境压力。

4.Researchers are studying the exosporium of certain bacteria to understand their resistance mechanisms.

研究人员正在研究某些细菌的外孢膜以了解它们的抗性机制。

5.The exosporium plays a crucial role in the survival of spores in harsh conditions.

在恶劣条件下，外孢膜在孢子的生存中起着至关重要的作用。

6.When examining the structure of spores, scientists often focus on the exosporium for its protective qualities.

在检查孢子的结构时，科学家们通常会关注外孢膜的保护特性。

7.The composition of the exosporium can vary significantly among different species of fungi.

不同种类的真菌的外孢膜成分可能有很大差异。

作文

The study of microorganisms has unveiled a fascinating world that is often overlooked. Among the many structures that these tiny entities possess, the term exosporium refers to a specific outer layer found on some spores, particularly in certain bacteria and fungi. This protective layer plays a crucial role in the survival of spores in harsh environmental conditions. Understanding the exosporium is essential for various fields, including microbiology, agriculture, and medicine. To begin with, the exosporium serves as a barrier against physical and chemical stresses. It is composed of proteins and polysaccharides that provide structural integrity and protection. For instance, when spores are exposed to extreme temperatures, desiccation, or harmful chemicals, the exosporium helps to shield the genetic material within the spore from damage. This characteristic is particularly important for pathogens that need to survive outside a host organism for extended periods. Moreover, the exosporium can also play a role in the germination process of spores. When conditions become favorable for growth, the exosporium can assist in the transition from a dormant state to an active one. In some species, enzymes produced during germination can break down components of the exosporium, allowing the spore to absorb water and nutrients more effectively. This process highlights the dynamic nature of the exosporium and its importance in the life cycle of spores. In agricultural contexts, understanding the exosporium can aid in the development of strategies to combat plant diseases caused by fungal spores. By targeting the exosporium, researchers can devise methods to enhance the effectiveness of fungicides. For example, if a fungicide can penetrate the exosporium and disrupt its protective functions, it may lead to higher rates of spore mortality and, consequently, reduced disease incidence in crops. Furthermore, in the medical field, the knowledge of exosporium can contribute to better infection control measures. Certain bacterial spores, such as those produced by Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, have a robust exosporium that aids in their resilience and virulence. By understanding how the exosporium contributes to the pathogenicity of such organisms, medical professionals can develop more effective treatments and preventive strategies. In conclusion, the exosporium is a remarkable structure that provides essential protection and functionality to spores. Its role in environmental resilience, germination, and implications for agriculture and medicine underscores the importance of studying this feature in microbial biology. As research continues to evolve, the insights gained from understanding the exosporium will undoubtedly lead to advancements in various scientific fields, ultimately benefiting society as a whole.

微生物的研究揭示了一个常常被忽视的迷人世界。在这些微小实体所拥有的众多结构中，术语exosporium指的是某些孢子（特别是在某些细菌和真菌中）所具有的特定外层。这一保护层在孢子在恶劣环境条件下的生存中发挥着至关重要的作用。理解exosporium对于微生物学、农业和医学等多个领域都是至关重要的。 首先，exosporium作为物理和化学压力的屏障。它由蛋白质和多糖组成，提供结构完整性和保护。例如，当孢子暴露于极端温度、干燥或有害化学物质时，exosporium帮助保护孢子内部的遗传物质免受损伤。这一特性对于需要在宿主生物体外存活较长时间的病原体尤为重要。 此外，exosporium在孢子的萌发过程中也可能发挥作用。当条件变得有利于生长时，exosporium可以帮助孢子从休眠状态过渡到活跃状态。在某些物种中，萌发过程中产生的酶可以分解exosporium的成分，从而使孢子更有效地吸收水分和养分。这一过程突显了exosporium的动态特性及其在孢子生命周期中的重要性。 在农业背景下，理解exosporium可以帮助开发对抗由真菌孢子引起的植物病害的策略。通过针对exosporium，研究人员可以制定方法来增强农药的有效性。例如，如果一种农药能够穿透exosporium并破坏其保护功能，可能会导致更高的孢子死亡率，从而减少作物病害的发生率。 此外，在医学领域，了解exosporium可以促进更好的感染控制措施。某些细菌孢子，例如炭疽病原体炭疽芽孢杆菌产生的孢子，具有强大的exosporium，这有助于它们的韧性和致病性。通过了解exosporium如何促进此类生物的致病性，医疗专业人员可以开发更有效的治疗和预防策略。 总之，exosporium是一个非凡的结构，为孢子提供了必要的保护和功能。它在环境韧性、萌发以及对农业和医学的影响方面的作用强调了研究这一微生物生物学特征的重要性。随着研究的不断发展，从理解exosporium中获得的见解无疑将推动各个科学领域的进步，最终造福整个社会。