extinctions

简明释义

英[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃənz]美[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃənz]

n. [生物]灭绝（extinction 的复数）；消失；废除

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass extinction has always intrigued paleontologists because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs.

虽然在地质记录中有十几次甚至更多的大灭绝，但白垩纪的大灭绝总是引起古生物学家的兴趣，因为它标志着恐龙时代的结束。

2.The model pinpointed exact sites where extinctions should be happening.

这个模型指出了蜥蜴可能发生灭绝的准确地点。

3.Compared with nearly all the previous extinctions this would be fast-track.

与之前的五次相比，这次物种灭绝可谓神速。

4.It seems to me inevitable that they're going to be many extinctions.

他说，“在我看来，许多植物将不可避免地走上灭绝之路。”

5.Why did scientists want more information about the dinosaur extinctions?

为什么科学家们想要了解更多关于恐龙灭绝的信息？

6.There's compelling evidence that global warming will be a significant driver of many plant and animal extinctions in this century.

有令人信服的证据表明，全球变暖将是本世纪许多动植物灭绝的一个重要原因。

7.Surprisingly few extinctions of indigenous species can be attributed to competition from introduced species.

令人惊讶的是，本土物种的灭绝很少归因于外来物种的竞争。

8.The paucity of known extinctions or disruptions resulting from indirect interactions may reflect not the infrequency of such mishaps but rather the failure to look for or to detect them.

间接相互作用导致的已知物种灭绝或破坏的情况的稀少，反映的或许不是这种灾难的罕见，而是没有去寻找或检测它们。

9.Still, Krech attributes secondary if not primary responsibility for the extinctions to the Paleoindians, arguing that humans have produced local extinctions elsewhere.

克雷奇仍然认为古印度安人在灭绝上的责任即使不是主要的，也是次要的，他认为人类在其他地方造成了当地物种灭绝。

10.Many scientists are concerned about the rapid rate of current extinctions.

许多科学家对目前快速发生的灭绝率感到担忧。

11.The loss of habitat is one of the primary causes of animal extinctions.

栖息地的丧失是动物灭绝的主要原因之一。

12.Conservation efforts aim to prevent further extinctions of endangered species.

保护工作旨在防止更多濒危物种的灭绝。

13.Some researchers believe that climate change is accelerating extinctions worldwide.

一些研究人员认为气候变化正在加速全球的灭绝。

14.The Great Auk is a famous example of human-caused extinctions.

大海雀是人类造成的灭绝的著名例子。

作文

The phenomenon of extinctions is one that has captivated the attention of scientists, environmentalists, and the public alike. Throughout Earth's history, countless species have come and gone, with extinctions being a natural part of evolution. However, the current rate of extinctions is alarmingly high, primarily due to human activities. Understanding the causes and implications of these extinctions is crucial for the preservation of biodiversity and the health of our planet. One of the primary drivers of modern extinctions is habitat destruction. As cities expand and agriculture intensifies, natural habitats are being fragmented and destroyed at an unprecedented rate. Forests are cut down for timber and to make way for farmland, while wetlands are drained for development. This loss of habitat not only displaces countless species but also reduces their ability to find food, reproduce, and thrive. As a result, many species face the threat of extinctions as their environments become inhospitable. Another significant factor contributing to extinctions is climate change. Rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, and increasing sea levels pose tremendous challenges to wildlife. Many species are unable to adapt quickly enough to these changes, leading to a decline in populations and, ultimately, extinctions. For example, polar bears are losing their sea ice habitat due to warming temperatures, making it difficult for them to hunt seals, their primary food source. If current trends continue, we may witness the extinctions of iconic species that play vital roles in their ecosystems. Additionally, pollution plays a significant role in the decline of many species. Chemicals, plastics, and other pollutants can contaminate water sources, soil, and air, leading to severe health issues for wildlife. Marine life is particularly vulnerable to the effects of pollution, with millions of tons of plastic entering the oceans each year. This not only harms individual animals but can also disrupt entire ecosystems, leading to further extinctions. Invasive species also contribute to the problem of extinctions. When non-native species are introduced to new environments, they can outcompete, prey on, or bring diseases to native species. This can result in dramatic declines in native populations and, in some cases, lead to their extinctions. For instance, the introduction of rats to island ecosystems has led to the extinctions of numerous bird species that evolved without natural predators. The consequences of extinctions extend beyond the loss of individual species; they can have cascading effects on entire ecosystems. Each species plays a unique role in its environment, contributing to the balance of the ecosystem. When a species goes extinct, it can disrupt food webs and lead to further extinctions, creating a domino effect that can threaten the stability of the entire ecological community. To mitigate the ongoing crisis of extinctions, global cooperation and action are essential. Conservation efforts, such as protecting natural habitats, restoring ecosystems, and implementing sustainable practices, can help preserve biodiversity. Public awareness and education are also crucial in fostering a sense of responsibility towards our planet and its inhabitants. By understanding the importance of each species and the threats they face, we can work together to prevent further extinctions and ensure a healthier future for all living beings. In conclusion, extinctions are a pressing issue that demands our attention and action. The current rate of species loss is unprecedented, largely driven by human activities such as habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and the introduction of invasive species. The impacts of extinctions are profound, affecting ecosystems and the services they provide. By prioritizing conservation and taking collective action, we can help halt the tide of extinctions and protect the rich tapestry of life on our planet.

物种灭绝现象一直吸引着科学家、环保主义者和公众的关注。在地球的历史上，无数物种已经消失，灭绝是进化的自然组成部分。然而，现代灭绝的速度令人担忧，主要是由于人类活动。理解这些灭绝的原因及其影响对保护生物多样性和我们星球的健康至关重要。 现代灭绝的主要驱动因素之一是栖息地破坏。随着城市扩张和农业加剧，自然栖息地以空前的速度被破坏和分割。森林被砍伐以获取木材并为农田让路，而湿地则因开发而被排干。这种栖息地的丧失不仅使无数物种流离失所，还减少了它们寻找食物、繁殖和生存的能力。因此，许多物种面临灭绝的威胁，因为它们的环境变得不适宜。 气候变化也是导致灭绝的重要因素。气温上升、天气模式变化和海平面上升给野生动物带来了巨大的挑战。许多物种无法快速适应这些变化，导致种群下降，最终导致灭绝。例如，由于气温升高，北极熊正在失去其海冰栖息地，这使它们难以捕猎海豹——它们的主要食物来源。如果当前趋势继续下去，我们可能会目睹一些扮演生态系统重要角色的标志性物种的灭绝。 此外，污染在许多物种的衰退中也起着重要作用。化学物质、塑料和其他污染物可能会污染水源、土壤和空气，导致野生动物出现严重健康问题。海洋生物尤其容易受到污染的影响，每年有数百万吨塑料进入海洋。这不仅危害个体动物，还可能破坏整个生态系统，导致进一步的灭绝。 入侵物种也加剧了灭绝问题。当外来物种被引入新环境时，它们可能会与本地物种竞争、捕食或传播疾病。这可能导致本地种群的急剧下降，并在某些情况下导致它们的灭绝。例如，老鼠的引入使岛屿生态系统中的许多鸟类物种灭绝，这些鸟类在没有自然捕食者的情况下进化。 灭绝的后果超越了个别物种的丧失；它们可能对整个生态系统产生连锁反应。每个物种在其环境中发挥独特的作用，有助于生态系统的平衡。当一个物种灭绝时，它可能会破坏食物链，导致进一步的灭绝，从而造成多米诺效应，威胁到整个生态群落的稳定。 为了减轻持续的灭绝危机，全球合作和行动至关重要。保护努力，例如保护自然栖息地、恢复生态系统和实施可持续实践，可以帮助保护生物多样性。公众意识和教育在培养对我们星球及其居民的责任感方面也至关重要。通过理解每个物种的重要性及其面临的威胁，我们可以共同努力防止进一步的灭绝，确保所有生物的更健康未来。 总之，灭绝是一个紧迫的问题，亟需我们的关注和行动。目前物种丧失的速度是前所未有的，主要是由于栖息地破坏、气候变化、污染和入侵物种等人类活动的推动。灭绝的影响深远，影响生态系统及其提供的服务。通过优先考虑保护工作并采取集体行动，我们可以帮助阻止灭绝的潮流，保护我们星球上丰富的生命织锦。