extremophile

简明释义

英[ɪkˈstriːməfaɪl]美[ɪkˈstriːməfɪl]

n. 极端微生物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Extremophile life forms found in Earth's undersea thermal vents and Arctic ice where no sunlight reaches gives scientists hope of the possibility that similar microbes could survive on Enceladus.

从阳光无法照射的地球深海火山喷发以及北极冰盖下，科学家们发现了极端微生物的生命形态，这给科学家们带来了希望，也许恩克拉多斯上也有类似的微生物存活。

2.Extremophile life forms found in Earth's undersea thermal vents and Arctic ice where no sunlight reaches gives scientists hope of the possibility that similar microbes could survive on Enceladus.

从阳光无法照射的地球深海火山喷发以及北极冰盖下，科学家们发现了极端微生物的生命形态，这给科学家们带来了希望，也许恩克拉多斯上也有类似的微生物存活。

3."These creatures get their energy from sources we never imagined," McKay exclaims. "the South African extremophile bacteria are powered by the radioactive decay of unstable atoms in the rocks."

“这些生物从一个我们从未想到的来源获取能量，”McKay惊叹，“南非的极端微生物细菌吃的是岩石里不稳定原子衰变时的放射能。”

4.This river has gained recent scientific interestdue to the presence of extremophile aerobic bacteria that dwell in thewater.

这条河最近还引起了科学家的广泛兴趣，原因是他们在河流中发现了极端需氧微生物。

5.It's also the newest extremophile, or life form that thrives in extreme environments.

它也是最新型的极端微生物，或是在极端环境下生长的生命形式。

6.The study of extremophiles has opened new avenues in biotechnology.

对极端生物的研究为生物技术开辟了新途径。

7.Scientists are fascinated by how extremophiles survive in extreme conditions.

科学家们对极端生物如何在极端环境中生存感到着迷。

8.Some extremophiles can withstand temperatures above boiling point.

一些极端生物能够承受超过沸点的温度。

9.Research on extremophiles could lead to advancements in food preservation.

对极端生物的研究可能会推动食品保存技术的进步。

10.The DNA of extremophiles is often studied for its unique properties.

对极端生物的DNA进行研究是因为其独特的特性。

作文

In the vast realm of biology, one of the most fascinating categories of organisms is known as extremophiles. These remarkable life forms thrive in conditions that would be considered hostile or even lethal to most other living beings. The term extremophile comes from the Greek words 'extremus', meaning extreme, and 'philos', meaning loving. Essentially, extremophiles are organisms that not only survive but flourish in extreme environments such as high temperatures, high salinity, acidity, or pressure. One of the most well-known types of extremophiles is the thermophile, which can endure temperatures exceeding 100 degrees Celsius. These organisms have been discovered in geothermal areas like hot springs and hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor. Their existence challenges our understanding of the limits of life, as they possess unique adaptations that allow their cellular structures and enzymes to function optimally in extreme heat. This has significant implications for biotechnology, as scientists study these enzymes for applications in industrial processes that require high temperatures. Another intriguing group of extremophiles is halophiles, which thrive in extremely salty environments such as salt flats and salt mines. These organisms have adapted to maintain their cellular integrity in high salinity levels by synthesizing compatible solutes, which help balance the osmotic pressure within their cells. The study of halophiles not only expands our knowledge of life's diversity but also offers potential applications in food preservation and bioremediation. Acidophiles are another category of extremophiles that can survive in highly acidic environments, such as sulfuric acid pools. These organisms have evolved mechanisms to stabilize their cellular components and maintain a neutral internal pH, allowing them to thrive where few other life forms can. Their resilience highlights the adaptability of life and opens up avenues for research in environmental science and bioengineering. The existence of extremophiles raises profound questions about the potential for life beyond Earth. If life can thrive in the harshest conditions on our planet, it stands to reason that similar organisms could exist on other celestial bodies, such as Mars or the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn. The search for extraterrestrial life often focuses on these extreme environments, as they may harbor extremophiles that can withstand the conditions present on other planets. In conclusion, the study of extremophiles not only enhances our understanding of biological diversity but also challenges our perceptions of life itself. These organisms exemplify the resilience and adaptability of life in extreme conditions, pushing the boundaries of what we consider habitable. As research continues, extremophiles may hold the key to unlocking new scientific discoveries and technological innovations, proving that life can indeed thrive in the most unlikely of places.

在生物学的广阔领域中，最令人着迷的生物类别之一被称为极端微生物。这些非凡的生命形式在被认为对大多数其他生物来说是敌对或甚至致命的条件下繁衍生息。术语极端微生物源自希腊词“extremus”，意为极端，以及“philos”，意为喜爱。本质上，极端微生物是那些不仅能生存而且在极端环境中繁荣发展的生物，例如高温、高盐度、酸性或压力。 最著名的极端微生物类型之一是嗜热菌，它们能够承受超过100摄氏度的高温。这些生物已经在地热区如温泉和海底热液喷口中被发现。它们的存在挑战了我们对生命极限的理解，因为它们具有独特的适应能力，使其细胞结构和酶能够在极端高温下正常运作。这对生物技术具有重要意义，因为科学家们研究这些酶在需要高温的工业过程中的应用。 另一个引人入胜的极端微生物群体是嗜盐菌，它们在极咸的环境中繁衍生息，如盐滩和盐矿。这些生物已经适应了在高盐度下保持细胞完整性，通过合成兼容溶质来帮助平衡细胞内的渗透压。对嗜盐菌的研究不仅扩展了我们对生命多样性的理解，还提供了在食品保存和生物修复方面的潜在应用。 酸性微生物是另一类能够在高度酸性环境中生存的极端微生物，例如硫酸池。这些生物已经进化出机制，以稳定其细胞成分并维持中性内部pH值，使它们能够在很少有其他生命形式能够生存的地方繁衍生息。它们的韧性突显了生命的适应性，并为环境科学和生物工程的研究开辟了新的途径。 极端微生物的存在引发了关于地球以外生命潜力的深刻问题。如果生命能够在我们星球上最严酷的条件下繁荣，那么类似的生物也可能存在于其他天体上，例如火星或木星和土星的冰月。寻找外星生命的工作常常集中在这些极端环境上，因为它们可能栖息着能够抵御其他行星条件的极端微生物。 总之，极端微生物的研究不仅增强了我们对生物多样性的理解，还挑战了我们对生命本身的看法。这些生物体现了生命在极端条件下的韧性和适应性，推动了我们对可居住性的认识的界限。随着研究的继续，极端微生物可能掌握着解锁新科学发现和技术创新的关键，证明生命确实可以在最不可能的地方蓬勃发展。