fatwa

简明释义

英[ˈfætwɑː]美[ˈfætwɑː]

n. 法特瓦（伊斯兰法律的裁决）

复 数 f a t w a s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The scholar issued a fatwa 法特瓦 against the use of violence in protests.

这位学者对抗议中的暴力行为发布了一项法特瓦。

2.A fatwa 法特瓦 was released to clarify the rules of fasting during Ramadan.

一项关于拉马丹期间禁食规则的法特瓦被发布。

3.The community leaders sought a fatwa 法特瓦 on the permissibility of organ donation.

社区领导寻求一项关于器官捐赠合法性的法特瓦。

4.After much debate, the council issued a fatwa 法特瓦 supporting women's rights to education.

经过多次辩论，委员会发布了一项支持女性受教育权利的法特瓦。

5.The fatwa 法特瓦 declared that smoking is harmful and should be avoided by Muslims.

这项法特瓦宣称吸烟有害，穆斯林应避免吸烟。

作文

A fatwa is a formal ruling or interpretation on a point of Islamic law issued by a qualified scholar. The term originates from the Arabic word 'فتوى', which means 'to inform' or 'to clarify'. In essence, a fatwa serves as guidance for Muslims seeking to understand how to apply Islamic principles in various aspects of life. It is important to note that a fatwa is not a legally binding decree but rather an advisory opinion that can vary greatly depending on the scholar's interpretation and the context in which it is issued. The significance of a fatwa in the Muslim community cannot be overstated. It plays a crucial role in addressing contemporary issues that may not have been explicitly covered in traditional texts. For instance, questions regarding modern technology, medical ethics, and social justice often require the insights of a fatwa. Scholars who issue these rulings must consider the Quran, Hadith (the sayings of the Prophet Muhammad), and the broader objectives of Islamic law, known as Maqasid al-Shariah, which aim to promote welfare and prevent harm. One of the most well-known examples of a fatwa was issued by Ayatollah Khomeini in 1989 against the British author Salman Rushdie, following the publication of his novel 'The Satanic Verses'. This fatwa called for Rushdie's death, claiming that the book blasphemed Islam. This incident highlighted how a fatwa can have profound social and political implications, influencing public sentiment and international relations. However, it is essential to recognize that the issuance of a fatwa can also lead to misunderstandings and misuse. Some individuals or groups may exploit a fatwa to justify extremist actions or violence, distorting the original intent of the ruling. This has raised concerns within the global Muslim community about the need for responsible scholarship and the importance of contextualizing fatwas within the framework of peace and tolerance. In recent years, there has been a movement towards reforming the process of issuing fatwas. Many scholars advocate for a more collective approach, where multiple voices contribute to the discussion, ensuring that rulings reflect the diverse perspectives within the Muslim world. This collaborative effort aims to create fatwas that are more relevant to contemporary issues while adhering to the core values of Islam. In conclusion, a fatwa is a vital component of Islamic jurisprudence that provides guidance to Muslims navigating the complexities of modern life. While it holds significant authority within the community, it is not without its challenges. As the world continues to evolve, the role of fatwas must adapt to ensure that they promote understanding, compassion, and justice. By fostering dialogue and encouraging responsible scholarship, the Muslim community can uphold the true spirit of fatwas, steering clear of extremism and fostering a peaceful coexistence among diverse cultures and beliefs.

“fatwa”是一个正式的裁决或对伊斯兰法律某一方面的解释，由合格的学者发布。这个词源于阿拉伯语单词“فتوى”，意思是“通知”或“澄清”。从本质上讲，fatwa为寻求理解如何将伊斯兰原则应用于生活各个方面的穆斯林提供指导。重要的是要注意，fatwa不是具有法律约束力的法令，而是一个建议意见，根据学者的解释和发布时的背景可能会有很大差异。 在穆斯林社区中，fatwa的重要性不容小觑。它在解决当代问题方面发挥着至关重要的作用，这些问题可能在传统文本中没有明确涵盖。例如，关于现代技术、医学伦理和社会正义的问题，往往需要fatwa的见解。发布这些裁决的学者必须考虑《古兰经》、《圣训》（先知穆罕默德的言论）以及伊斯兰法的更广泛目标，即马卡西德·沙里亚（Maqasid al-Shariah），这些目标旨在促进福利并防止伤害。 一个最著名的fatwa例子是1989年霍梅尼大阿亚图拉针对英国作家萨尔曼·鲁西迪发布的，因其小说《撒旦诗篇》的出版而引发。这项fatwa呼吁杀死鲁西迪，声称该书亵渎了伊斯兰。这一事件突显了fatwa可能产生深远的社会和政治影响，影响公众情绪和国际关系。 然而，必须认识到，发布fatwa也可能导致误解和滥用。一些个人或团体可能利用fatwa来为极端主义行为或暴力辩护，扭曲裁决的原始意图。这在全球穆斯林社区中引发了对负责任的学术研究以及在和平与宽容框架内对fatwa进行背景化的重要性的关注。 近年来，已经出现了一种改革发布fatwa程序的运动。许多学者提倡采取更集体的方法，让多个声音参与讨论，以确保裁决反映出穆斯林世界的多样化视角。这种合作努力旨在创造出更符合当代问题的fatwas，同时遵循伊斯兰的核心价值观。 总之，fatwa是伊斯兰法学的重要组成部分，为穆斯林在复杂的现代生活中提供指导。尽管它在社区中具有重要权威，但也并非没有挑战。随着世界的不断发展，fatwas的角色必须适应，以确保它们促进理解、同情和正义。通过促进对话和鼓励负责任的学术研究，穆斯林社区可以维护fatwas的真实精神，避免极端主义，并促进不同文化和信仰之间的和平共处。