fertilization

简明释义

英[ˌfɜːtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn]美[ˌfɜːrtələˈzeɪʃn]

n. [农] 施肥；[胚] 受精；肥沃

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Recent technological advances in reproduction, such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, have increased the full income of women relative to men.

比如人工授精和体外受精，近来的生育技术进步使女性的总收入相对于男性增加了。

2.Its director is Margaret Leinen, the former chief science officer of Climos, a San Francisco iron-fertilization company founded in 2005.

主管是Margaret Leinen，他曾担任Climos铁肥料公司(2005年成立于旧金山)的前任技术执行总裁。

3.If we had all the whales we used to have, they would remove the same amount of carbon in a year as 200 of the most efficient iron fertilization events.

如果我们还有那些曾经有的所有鲸鱼，它们在一年内消除的碳量将相当于200次最有效的铁质施肥所产生的效果。

4.To formulate plans for lawn fertilization and maintenance.

制订草坪施肥及养护计划。

5.Recent technological advances in reproduction, such as artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, have increased the full income of women relative to men.

比如人工授精和体外受精，近来的生育技术进步使女性的总收入相对于男性增加了。

6.They next extracted DNA from a dog oocyte (an immature female reproductive cell prior to fertilization) and injected the fluorescent-modified dog cells into it.

他们接下来从狗的卵母细胞（一个不成熟雌性受精前的生殖细胞）中提取DNA，并将荧光修饰的狗细胞注入其中。

7.The process of fertilization 受精 is crucial for the development of new plants.

受精的过程对新植物的发展至关重要。

8.In animals, fertilization 受精 occurs when a sperm cell meets an egg cell.

在动物中，受精发生在精子细胞与卵子细胞相遇时。

9.Scientists study fertilization 受精 to understand reproductive health better.

科学家研究受精以更好地理解生殖健康。

10.Artificial fertilization 人工受精 techniques have helped many couples conceive.

人工受精技术帮助了许多夫妇怀孕。

11.The timing of fertilization 受精 is critical for successful crop production.

受精的时机对成功的农作物生产至关重要。

作文

Fertilization is a crucial process in the life cycle of many organisms, particularly in plants and animals. It refers to the union of male and female gametes, which leads to the formation of a zygote. This process is not only fundamental for reproduction but also plays a significant role in genetic diversity. In sexual reproduction, the male gamete, or sperm, must successfully reach and fuse with the female gamete, or ovum, in order to initiate the development of a new organism. The mechanics of this process can vary widely among different species. In flowering plants, for instance, fertilization occurs after pollination, where pollen grains from the male anther are transferred to the female stigma. Upon successful landing on the stigma, the pollen grain germinates and forms a pollen tube that grows down into the ovary, where the ovules are located. The sperm cells travel through this tube to reach the ovule, leading to fertilization. This process results in the formation of seeds, which can grow into new plants. In animals, fertilization can occur internally or externally. In many aquatic species, such as fish, fertilization happens outside the female’s body, where eggs and sperm are released into the water. Conversely, in mammals, fertilization typically occurs internally, within the female reproductive tract. After the sperm penetrates the ovum, the genetic material from both parents combines, resulting in a unique genetic blueprint for the offspring. This genetic variation is essential for evolution, as it contributes to the adaptability of species in changing environments. The implications of fertilization extend beyond mere reproduction. Understanding the mechanisms behind fertilization has significant applications in agriculture and medicine. For example, in agriculture, knowledge of plant fertilization can lead to improved crop yields through selective breeding and genetic modification. Farmers can enhance desirable traits in crops, such as disease resistance or drought tolerance, by manipulating the fertilization process. In the medical field, advancements in reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), have revolutionized how we approach infertility. IVF involves the artificial fertilization of an egg outside the body, which can then be implanted into a woman’s uterus. This technique has provided hope to countless couples struggling to conceive naturally. Additionally, understanding fertilization at the cellular level can help scientists develop contraceptive methods that prevent unwanted pregnancies. Moreover, the study of fertilization contributes to our understanding of developmental biology. Investigating how a single fertilized egg can develop into a complex organism involves exploring the processes that govern cell division, differentiation, and organ formation. Research in this area not only enhances our knowledge of human development but also informs regenerative medicine and stem cell research. In conclusion, fertilization is a vital biological process that underpins reproduction and genetic diversity across various life forms. Its significance transcends biology, impacting agriculture, medicine, and our understanding of life itself. Continued research into fertilization will undoubtedly yield further insights that can improve human health and agricultural practices, making it a topic of immense importance in both science and society.

受精是许多生物体生命周期中的一个关键过程，特别是在植物和动物中。它指的是雄性和雌性配子的结合，这导致了合子的形成。这个过程不仅对繁殖至关重要，而且在遗传多样性中也起着重要作用。在有性生殖中，雄性配子或精子必须成功到达并与雌性配子或卵子融合，以启动新生物的发育。这个过程的机制在不同物种之间可以有很大的不同。 例如，在开花植物中，受精发生在授粉之后，花粉颗粒从雄蕊的花药转移到雌蕊的柱头上。在成功落在柱头上后，花粉颗粒会萌发并形成一根花粉管，向下生长到卵巢，卵巢中含有胚珠。精细胞通过这根管道旅行以到达胚珠，从而导致受精。这个过程导致种子的形成，种子可以生长成新的植物。 在动物中，受精可以发生在体内或体外。在许多水生物种中，如鱼类，受精发生在雌性身体外部，卵子和精子释放到水中。相反，在哺乳动物中，受精通常发生在体内，即在雌性生殖道内。在精子穿透卵子后，来自两个父母的遗传物质结合，形成后代的独特遗传蓝图。这种遗传变异对进化至关重要，因为它有助于物种在变化环境中的适应能力。 受精的影响超出了单纯的繁殖。理解受精背后的机制在农业和医学中具有重要应用。例如，在农业中，对植物受精的了解可以通过选择性育种和基因修改来提高作物产量。农民可以通过操控受精过程来增强作物中疾病抗性或抗旱等可取特征。 在医学领域，生殖技术的进步，如试管婴儿（IVF），彻底改变了我们对不孕症的处理方式。IVF涉及在体外人工受精卵子，然后可以植入女性的子宫。这项技术为无数努力自然受孕的夫妇带来了希望。此外，了解细胞层面的受精可以帮助科学家开发预防意外怀孕的避孕方法。 此外，受精的研究有助于我们理解发育生物学。调查一个受精卵如何发展成复杂的生物体涉及探索控制细胞分裂、分化和器官形成的过程。这方面的研究不仅增强了我们对人类发育的理解，还为再生医学和干细胞研究提供了信息。 总之，受精是一个重要的生物过程，它支撑着各种生命形式的繁殖和遗传多样性。它的重要性超越了生物学，影响着农业、医学以及我们对生命本身的理解。对受精的持续研究无疑将产生进一步的见解，可以改善人类健康和农业实践，使其成为科学和社会中极为重要的话题。