glial

简明释义

英[ˈɡlaɪəl]美[ˈɡlaɪəl]

adj. 神经胶质的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The glial processes retraction were advantageous to form the membrane apposition of neurons and synaptic structure.

胶质细胞的结构变化为神经元质膜并列及突触的形式提供了有利条件。

2.The different effects of different graft methods were compared by post-grafted survival rate, glial cell reaction and function recovery.

然后，比较各种移植技术对移植后细胞存活率、胶质细胞反应程度及功能改善的影响。

3.Objective: To study the effect of glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on facial nerve regeneration after injury.

目的：研究胶质细胞源性的神经营养因子（GDNF）对面神经损伤后的促再生作用。

4.The rat brain tissue demonstrated glial cell reaction.

大鼠脑组织表现为小胶质细胞反应。

5.Gliosarcoma is a rare primary brain tumor that is composed of neoplastic glial cells mixed with a spindle cell sarcomatous element.

神经胶质肉瘤是一种少见的原发性脑肿瘤，由新生的神经胶质细胞和肉瘤样的梭形细胞混合组成。

6.Thus, the probability increased that cells introduced into recipients' brains will transform into neurons or accompanying glial cells.

因此当导入受体的脑中，这些细胞转变为神经元或伴行的胶质细胞的可能性增加。

7.The brain is composed of neurons and glial 胶质 cells that support and protect the neurons.

大脑由神经元和胶质细胞组成，这些细胞支持和保护神经元。

8.Recent studies have shown that glial 胶质 cells play a crucial role in brain repair after injury.

最近的研究表明，胶质细胞在脑部受伤后的修复中发挥着关键作用。

9.In neurodegenerative diseases, the function of glial 胶质 cells can become impaired.

在神经退行性疾病中，胶质细胞的功能可能会受到损害。

10.The interaction between neurons and glial 胶质 cells is essential for maintaining healthy brain function.

神经元与胶质细胞之间的相互作用对于维持健康的脑功能至关重要。

11.Research indicates that glial 胶质 cells may influence learning and memory processes.

研究表明，胶质细胞可能会影响学习和记忆过程。

作文

In the complex architecture of the brain, neurons are often regarded as the stars of the show. They are the cells responsible for transmitting signals, processing information, and enabling us to think, feel, and move. However, there is another group of cells that plays a crucial role in supporting and maintaining these neurons: the glial cells. The term glial comes from the Greek word 'glia', meaning 'glue', which aptly describes their function in the nervous system. While glial cells do not conduct electrical impulses like neurons, they are essential for a variety of functions that ensure the proper functioning of the brain and spinal cord. There are several types of glial cells, each with distinct roles. Astrocytes, for example, are star-shaped glial cells that provide structural support to neurons. They help maintain the blood-brain barrier, regulate blood flow, and facilitate communication between neurons. Oligodendrocytes, another type of glial cell, are responsible for forming the myelin sheath that insulates neuronal axons, allowing for faster signal transmission. Microglia act as the immune cells of the central nervous system, constantly monitoring for signs of injury or infection and responding accordingly. The importance of glial cells extends beyond mere support. Recent research has revealed that they play active roles in modulating synaptic activity and plasticity. For instance, astrocytes can release neurotransmitters that influence neuronal communication, highlighting their involvement in processes such as learning and memory. This challenges the traditional view of glial cells as passive entities and positions them as dynamic participants in neural networks. Moreover, the relationship between neurons and glial cells is intricate and reciprocal. Neurons rely on glial cells for nourishment and protection, while glial cells depend on neurons for signaling and guidance. Disruptions in this relationship can lead to various neurological disorders. For example, in conditions such as multiple sclerosis, the destruction of oligodendrocytes results in impaired myelination, leading to severe motor and cognitive deficits. Similarly, astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in diseases like Alzheimer's, where the accumulation of amyloid plaques affects both neuronal and glial cell function. Understanding the role of glial cells is crucial for advancing our knowledge of the brain and developing new therapeutic strategies. As research continues to uncover the complexities of glial cell functions, it becomes increasingly clear that these cells are not just supportive structures but integral components of the nervous system. Their involvement in various physiological and pathological processes underscores the need to consider glial cells in any comprehensive study of brain function. In conclusion, while neurons may take center stage in discussions about brain function, the significance of glial cells cannot be overstated. These cells are essential for maintaining the health and efficiency of neuronal networks, and their emerging roles in synaptic modulation and neuroprotection highlight their importance in both normal and diseased states. As we continue to explore the complexities of the brain, recognizing the contributions of glial cells will be key to unlocking new insights into neurological health and disease.

在大脑复杂的结构中，神经元常常被视为主角。它们是负责传递信号、处理信息并使我们思考、感受和运动的细胞。然而，还有另一组细胞在支持和维持这些神经元方面发挥着至关重要的作用：胶质细胞。胶质一词源于希腊语“glia”，意为“胶水”，恰如其分地描述了它们在神经系统中的功能。虽然胶质细胞不像神经元那样传导电冲动，但它们对于确保大脑和脊髓的正常功能至关重要。 有几种类型的胶质细胞，每种细胞都有不同的作用。例如，星形胶质细胞是一种星形的胶质细胞，它们为神经元提供结构支持。它们帮助维持血脑屏障，调节血流，并促进神经元之间的通信。另一种类型的胶质细胞是少突胶质细胞，负责形成绝缘神经元轴突的髓鞘，从而允许更快速的信号传输。小胶质细胞则充当中枢神经系统的免疫细胞，不断监测伤害或感染的迹象，并做出相应反应。 胶质细胞的重要性不仅仅在于支持。最近的研究揭示了它们在调节突触活动和可塑性方面发挥的积极作用。例如，星形胶质细胞可以释放神经递质，影响神经元之间的通信，突显了它们在学习和记忆等过程中的参与。这挑战了传统上将胶质细胞视为被动实体的观点，并将它们定位为神经网络中的动态参与者。 此外，神经元与胶质细胞之间的关系错综复杂且相互依赖。神经元依赖胶质细胞提供营养和保护，而胶质细胞则依赖神经元进行信号传递和引导。这种关系的破坏可能导致各种神经系统疾病。例如，在多发性硬化症等疾病中，少突胶质细胞的破坏导致髓鞘受损，从而导致严重的运动和认知缺陷。类似地，星形胶质细胞功能障碍与阿尔茨海默病等疾病有关，其中淀粉样斑块的积累影响了神经元和胶质细胞的功能。 理解胶质细胞的作用对于推进我们对大脑的认识和开发新的治疗策略至关重要。随着研究不断揭示胶质细胞功能的复杂性，越来越明显的是，这些细胞不仅仅是支持结构，而是神经系统的整体组成部分。它们在各种生理和病理过程中所起的作用强调了在任何综合的脑功能研究中考虑胶质细胞的必要性。 总之，尽管神经元可能在讨论大脑功能时占据中心舞台，但胶质细胞的重要性不容小觑。这些细胞对于维持神经元网络的健康和效率至关重要，而它们在突触调节和神经保护中的新兴作用突显了它们在正常和病态状态下的重要性。随着我们继续探索大脑的复杂性，认识到胶质细胞的贡献将是揭开神经健康和疾病新见解的关键。