graft

简明释义

英[ɡrɑːft]美[ɡræft]

n. 嫁接；移植；辛苦的工作；贪污

v. 嫁接；移植；辛苦地工作；贪污；植根；引入；（尤指不恰当地）将（某物）永久地插入别的物体

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The skin graft failed to take.

皮肤移植未能成功。

2.Some say the key to success is simply hard graft.

有人说，成功关键要靠努力奋斗。

3.Longer blockages may be bypassed using a plastic tube or vein from the leg (bypass graft).

长一些的堵塞可以用一段塑料管或腿部的血管来绕过(即旁路移植术)。

4.The branch, which is called Suishinkai, specialised in construction graft on public contracts.

这个被称作Suishikai的分支擅长从公众合约建设中巧取豪夺。

5.To graft a Goldman or a Lehman on to a commercial bank culture would threaten chaos.

将高盛或是雷曼的员工放入商业银行的企业文化，很可能会引发混乱。

6.Soldiers are also being pressed into anti-graft duty.

士兵们也被强制执行反渎职使命。

7.Economists argue that such small-scale graft does great damage.

经济学家指出，这样的小规模行贿受贿危害很大。

8.Meanwhile the graft endemic to Japan's construction industry more or less guarantees that corners have been cut.

与此同时，日本建筑工业特有的猫腻行为多少都让人相信肯定有偷工减料的事情发生。

9.The surgeon performed a successful heart graft to improve blood flow.

外科医生成功进行了心脏移植以改善血流。

10.The politician was accused of graft and corruption.

这位政治家被指控涉及贪污和腐败。

11.They used a skin graft to treat the burn victim.

他们使用了皮肤移植来治疗烧伤患者。

12.The city council is investigating allegations of graft in public contracts.

市议会正在调查公共合同中的贪污指控。

13.A successful tree graft can produce fruit sooner than a seedling.

成功的树木嫁接可以比幼苗更早结果。

作文

In the world of medicine and biology, the term graft refers to a piece of living tissue that is transplanted surgically. This process is crucial in many medical procedures, especially those involving organ transplants or skin grafts needed for burn victims. The success of a graft often depends on the compatibility between the donor and the recipient, as well as the skill of the surgeon performing the operation. For instance, when a patient receives a heart graft, doctors must ensure that the new heart is not rejected by the body’s immune system, which can sometimes view the new tissue as a foreign invader. This highlights the importance of immunosuppressive medications that help the body accept the graft without launching an attack against it. Beyond the medical field, the word graft can also be found in discussions about politics and corruption. In this context, graft refers to the unethical acquisition of funds or advantages, typically through dishonest means such as bribery or embezzlement. Politicians may engage in graft when they misuse their power for personal gain, undermining public trust and damaging the integrity of governmental institutions. This form of graft can have severe consequences for society, leading to a loss of faith in elected officials and the systems designed to protect the public interest. Interestingly, the dual meanings of graft—one related to medicine and the other to corruption—illustrate how language can evolve and adapt over time. While the medical definition emphasizes healing and regeneration, the political definition evokes images of greed and dishonesty. It is essential for individuals to understand both contexts to grasp the full implications of the term graft in conversations and writings. Furthermore, the concept of graft extends into agriculture and horticulture, where it describes the process of inserting a part of one plant into another so that they grow together. This technique is used to propagate desirable traits in plants, such as disease resistance or improved fruit quality. The art of plant grafting requires knowledge and precision, as the success of the graft depends on the compatibility of the two plants involved. This agricultural practice showcases the versatility of the term graft, as it signifies both a method of cultivation and a means of enhancing plant characteristics. In conclusion, the word graft serves as a fascinating example of how a single term can encompass various meanings across different fields. Whether discussing the life-saving potential of a medical graft, the ethical dilemmas posed by political graft, or the practical applications in horticulture, understanding the nuances of this word can enrich our comprehension of complex subjects. By examining the different uses of graft, we can appreciate the interplay between language, culture, and the diverse ways in which we navigate our world. As we continue to learn and engage with these concepts, let us remain aware of the implications behind the words we choose and the impact they can have on our lives and society at large.

在医学和生物学的世界中，术语graft指的是通过外科手术移植的一块活组织。这一过程在许多医疗程序中至关重要，尤其是在涉及器官移植或烧伤患者所需的皮肤移植时。graft的成功往往取决于供体与接受者之间的兼容性，以及执行手术的外科医生的技术。例如，当患者接受心脏graft时，医生必须确保新心脏不会被身体的免疫系统排斥，因为免疫系统有时会将新组织视为外来入侵者。这突显了免疫抑制药物的重要性，这些药物帮助身体接受graft而不对其发起攻击。 除了医学领域，graft这个词在政治和腐败的讨论中也能找到身影。在这种情况下，graft指的是通过不道德手段（如贿赂或挪用公款）获取资金或利益。政治家在滥用权力以谋求个人利益时可能会参与graft，这削弱了公众信任并损害了政府机构的完整性。这种形式的graft对社会可能产生严重后果，导致人们对当选官员和旨在保护公众利益的系统失去信心。 有趣的是，graft的双重含义——一个与医学相关，另一个与腐败有关——展示了语言如何随着时间的推移而发展和适应。虽然医学定义强调治愈和再生，但政治定义则唤起了贪婪和不诚实的形象。个人理解这两个背景是至关重要的，以便在谈话和写作中掌握graft一词的全部含义。 此外，graft的概念还扩展到农业和园艺，其中它描述了将一部分植物插入另一部分植物中，使它们共同生长的过程。这一技术用于传播植物中的优良特性，如抗病性或改善的果实质量。植物graft的艺术需要知识和精确度，因为graft的成功取决于两个植物之间的兼容性。这一农业实践展示了graft一词的多样性，因为它既表示一种栽培方法，又是一种增强植物特性的手段。 总之，graft一词作为一个引人入胜的例子，展示了单一术语如何在不同领域中包含各种含义。无论是在讨论医疗graft的救生潜力、政治graft所带来的伦理困境，还是在园艺中的实际应用，理解这个词的细微差别可以丰富我们对复杂主题的理解。通过考察graft的不同用法，我们可以欣赏语言、文化之间的相互作用，以及我们在世界中导航的多种方式。当我们继续学习和参与这些概念时，让我们始终意识到我们所选择的词语背后的含义，以及它们对我们的生活和整个社会可能产生的影响。