hapten

简明释义

英[ˈhæptən]美[ˈhæpˌten]

n. [免疫] 半抗原

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The invention discloses a method for preparing cyanide-urea triamide hapten, artificial antigen and antibody as well as application thereof.

本发明公开了一种氰脲三酰胺半抗原、人工抗原和抗体制备方法 及应用。

2.The result shows: The molecular mass of DES is 368; And there are 32 DES Hapten binded with each BSA;

结果显示，质谱测定己烯雌酚半琥珀酸的分子量为368：每个BSA分子结合了约32个己烯雌酚 半抗原；

3.The present invention provides a hapten in the form of a novel nicotine derivative that may suitably be conjugated with an appropriate carrier to yield an effective vaccine against nicotine addiction.

本发明提供了一种新尼古丁衍生物形式的半抗原，所述半抗原可适当地与合适的载体缀合以得到针对尼古丁成瘾的有效疫苗。

4.Ratios of hapten intergraded with BSA and OVA were 21:1 and11:1, respectively.

半抗原和牛血清白蛋白及卵清蛋白的结合比分别是21：1和11：1。

5.The sulfamethazine hapten is a compound and the structural formula is shown as formula I.

磺胺二甲基嘧啶半抗原是一种化合物，其结构为式i所示。

6.The preparation method in the invention features convenience and feasibility, lower cost and higher yield of hapten.

本发明制备方法简便可行、成本较低， 半抗原产率较高。

7.The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tagged antibody was prepared by means of modified NaIO 4 method and the HRP tagged hapten was prepared by means of mixed anhydride method.

以辣根过氧化物酶采用改良的过碘酸钠法标记抗体、混合酸酐法标记半抗原。

8.Aim: To study the method for treating mouse t lymphoma with hapten modified tumor vaccine.

目的：探讨用半抗原修饰的瘤苗治疗小鼠t淋巴细胞瘤的方法。

9.A small molecule can act as a hapten 半抗原 when it binds to a larger protein.

当一个小分子与一个较大的蛋白质结合时，它可以作为一个hapten 半抗原。

10.In immunology, a hapten 半抗原 can trigger an immune response only when attached to a carrier protein.

在免疫学中，hapten 半抗原 只有在附着到载体蛋白时才能引发免疫反应。

11.Certain drugs can behave as haptens 半抗原, causing allergic reactions in some individuals.

某些药物可以作为haptens 半抗原，在某些个体中引起过敏反应。

12.Researchers are studying how haptens 半抗原 can be used in vaccine development.

研究人员正在研究如何在疫苗开发中使用haptens 半抗原。

13.The concept of hapten 半抗原 is crucial for understanding drug allergies.

理解药物过敏的关键在于hapten 半抗原的概念。

作文

In the field of immunology, the term hapten refers to a small molecule that can elicit an immune response only when attached to a larger carrier such as a protein. This unique characteristic of hapten plays a crucial role in understanding how our immune system recognizes and responds to various substances. Unlike complete antigens that can provoke an immune response on their own, hapten requires the presence of a larger molecule to become immunogenic. To illustrate the concept of hapten, consider penicillin. Penicillin itself is a small molecule that, when introduced into the body, does not trigger an immune response. However, when it binds to proteins in the body, it forms a complex that the immune system can recognize as foreign. This binding transforms penicillin into a hapten, which may provoke allergic reactions in some individuals. The immune system mistakenly identifies this newly formed complex as a threat, leading to symptoms ranging from mild rashes to severe anaphylactic reactions. The study of hapten is not only important for understanding allergies but also has implications in vaccine development. Researchers often utilize hapten to design vaccines that can provoke a stronger immune response by linking them to larger proteins. By doing so, they create a more effective immunogen that can help the body recognize and fight off pathogens more efficiently. For instance, certain cancer therapies involve using hapten to stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells by making them appear more foreign to the immune system. Moreover, the concept of hapten extends beyond just medical applications. In environmental science, researchers study how certain chemicals can act as haptens, contributing to adverse health effects when they bind to biological molecules. Understanding these interactions is crucial for assessing risks associated with chemical exposure and developing strategies to mitigate those risks. In conclusion, the term hapten represents a fascinating aspect of immunology that highlights the complexity of our immune responses. By recognizing that small molecules can become significant threats when they interact with larger proteins, we gain valuable insights into allergic reactions, vaccine development, and environmental health. The study of hapten continues to be a vital area of research, offering potential advancements in medicine and public health. As we deepen our understanding of these small yet impactful molecules, we pave the way for innovative solutions to combat diseases and improve overall health outcomes.

在免疫学领域，术语hapten指的是一种小分子，仅在与较大的载体（如蛋白质）结合时才能引发免疫反应。hapten的这一独特特性在理解我们的免疫系统如何识别和响应各种物质方面起着至关重要的作用。与可以单独引发免疫反应的完整抗原不同，hapten需要较大分子的存在才能变得具有免疫原性。 为了说明hapten的概念，可以考虑青霉素。青霉素本身是一个小分子，当它被引入体内时不会触发免疫反应。然而，当它与体内的蛋白质结合时，会形成一个复合体，免疫系统可以将其识别为外来物。这种结合使青霉素转变为hapten，可能会在一些个体中引发过敏反应。免疫系统错误地将这种新形成的复合体视为威胁，导致从轻微皮疹到严重过敏性休克等症状。 对hapten的研究不仅对理解过敏很重要，还有助于疫苗开发。研究人员经常利用hapten设计疫苗，通过将其与较大的蛋白质连接，诱发更强的免疫反应。通过这样做，他们创造了更有效的免疫原，帮助身体更有效地识别和抵抗病原体。例如，某些癌症疗法涉及使用hapten刺激免疫系统攻击癌细胞，使其在免疫系统中显得更加外来。 此外，hapten的概念不仅限于医学应用。在环境科学中，研究人员研究某些化学物质如何作为hapten，在与生物分子结合时导致不良健康影响。理解这些相互作用对于评估化学暴露相关风险以及制定减轻这些风险的策略至关重要。 总之，术语hapten代表了免疫学的一个迷人方面，突显了我们免疫反应的复杂性。通过认识到小分子在与较大蛋白质相互作用时可能成为重大威胁，我们获得了对过敏反应、疫苗开发和环境健康的宝贵见解。hapten的研究仍然是一个重要的研究领域，提供了在医学和公共健康方面的潜在进展。随着我们对这些小而有影响力的分子的理解加深，我们为开发创新解决方案以对抗疾病和改善整体健康结果铺平了道路。