heteronomous

简明释义

英[ˌhetəˈrɒnɪməs]美[ˌhetərˈɑːnəməs]

adj. 他律的；受外界支配的；不自主的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Theirs is a heteronomous morality: they have few rules of their own, but out of fear of reprisal, may follow the rules of others.

他们的道德观与众不同，他们少有自己的准则，或许会遵循别人的准则，但却是出自于害怕受到报复。

2.Theirs is a heteronomous morality: they have few rules of their own, but out of fear of reprisal, may follow the rules of others.

他们的道德观与众不同，他们少有自己的准则，或许会遵循别人的准则，但却是出自于害怕受到报复。

3.A design that combines autonomy and heteronomous awakens the surrounding poetic level.

结合自主性和异质性的设计为周边环境营造了一种诗意的氛围。

4.In a society where laws are imposed from above, individuals may feel heteronomous 他律的 rather than autonomous.

在一个法律由上而下施加的社会中，个人可能感到heteronomous 他律的而非自主的。

5.The concept of heteronomous 他律的 morality suggests that ethical principles are dictated by external authorities.

heteronomous 他律的道德概念表明伦理原则是由外部权威决定的。

6.Many students in traditional education systems experience a heteronomous 他律的 learning environment, where their choices are limited.

许多在传统教育体系中的学生体验到一种heteronomous 他律的学习环境，他们的选择受到限制。

7.The philosopher argued that true freedom cannot exist in a heteronomous 他律的 framework.

这位哲学家认为，在heteronomous 他律的框架中无法存在真正的自由。

8.In contrast to heteronomous 他律的 decision-making, autonomous choices are based on personal beliefs and values.

与heteronomous 他律的决策相比，自主选择基于个人信仰和价值观。

作文

In contemporary society, the concept of autonomy is often celebrated as a hallmark of individual freedom and personal choice. However, there exists a contrasting idea known as heteronomous, which refers to the condition of being governed by external forces rather than one's own will. This notion can be applied in various contexts, including ethics, law, and social behavior. Understanding the implications of heteronomous decision-making can provide valuable insights into human behavior and societal structures. To illustrate the concept of heteronomous decision-making, consider the realm of ethical theory. In moral philosophy, autonomy is frequently associated with the capacity to make decisions based on personal principles and values. In contrast, heteronomous ethics suggests that individuals may often conform to external moral codes imposed by society, religion, or authority figures. For instance, a person might choose to adhere to a particular set of religious laws not out of personal conviction but due to fear of social ostracism or punishment. This highlights how heteronomous influences can shape an individual's moral compass, leading them to act in ways that align more with external expectations than with their intrinsic beliefs. Moreover, in the legal context, the distinction between autonomous and heteronomous actions becomes evident. Laws are often seen as a reflection of the collective will of a society, yet they can impose restrictions that may not resonate with every individual. For example, laws surrounding personal conduct, such as dress codes or curfews, may be viewed as heteronomous impositions that limit personal expression. While these laws are designed to maintain social order, they can also stifle individual creativity and self-determination. The challenge lies in balancing the need for societal regulations with the preservation of personal freedoms. In the realm of education, the impact of heteronomous learning environments can significantly affect students' development. Traditional educational systems often emphasize rote memorization and standardized testing, which can create a heteronomous atmosphere where students feel compelled to conform to external benchmarks of success. This approach may hinder critical thinking and creativity, as students may prioritize grades over genuine understanding. Conversely, fostering an environment that encourages autonomy allows students to explore their interests and make independent choices, ultimately leading to more profound learning experiences. Furthermore, the workplace can also reflect heteronomous dynamics. Employees may find themselves in positions where their roles are dictated by hierarchical structures, limiting their ability to exercise creativity and innovation. In such environments, individuals may feel pressured to comply with policies and directives that do not align with their personal values or professional aspirations. This can lead to job dissatisfaction and disengagement, as employees struggle to reconcile their heteronomous obligations with their desire for autonomy. In conclusion, while autonomy is often regarded as a desirable trait, the concept of heteronomous influences serves as a reminder that external factors can significantly shape our decisions and actions. Recognizing the presence of heteronomous forces in various aspects of life—from ethics and law to education and the workplace—can empower individuals to critically assess their motivations and strive for greater autonomy. By fostering environments that encourage personal agency, we can work towards a society that values both individual freedom and collective responsibility.

在当代社会，自治的概念常常被视为个人自由和选择的标志。然而，存在一种对立的观点，称为异主性，指的是受外部力量支配而非个人意志的状态。这个概念可以应用于伦理、法律和社会行为等多个领域。理解异主性决策的影响可以为我们提供有关人类行为和社会结构的宝贵见解。 为了说明异主性决策的概念，可以考虑伦理理论的领域。在道德哲学中，自主通常与基于个人原则和价值观做出决策的能力相关联。相反，异主性伦理学则表明，个体可能经常遵循由社会、宗教或权威人物施加的外部道德规范。例如，一个人可能选择遵守特定的宗教法律，并不是出于个人信念，而是由于对社会排斥或惩罚的恐惧。这突显了异主性影响如何塑造个体的道德指南针，使他们的行为更符合外部期望而非内心信仰。 此外，在法律背景下，自主与异主性行为之间的区别变得明显。法律通常被视为社会集体意志的反映，但它们也可能施加限制，这些限制未必与每个个体产生共鸣。例如，关于个人行为的法律，如着装规范或宵禁，可能被视为异主性的强加，限制了个人表达。虽然这些法律旨在维护社会秩序，但它们也可能扼杀个人创造力和自我决定的能力。挑战在于平衡社会规制的需要与保护个人自由。 在教育领域，异主性学习环境的影响可以显著影响学生的发展。传统教育系统往往强调死记硬背和标准化测试，这可能造成一种异主性氛围，使学生感到必须遵循外部成功基准。这种方法可能阻碍批判性思维和创造力，因为学生可能将成绩置于真正理解之上。相反，培养鼓励自主的环境允许学生探索自己的兴趣并做出独立选择，最终导致更深刻的学习体验。 此外，职场也可以反映异主性的动态。员工可能发现在层级结构中，其角色受到限制，从而限制了他们发挥创造力和创新的能力。在这样的环境中，个体可能感到被迫遵守与个人价值观或职业抱负不符的政策和指令。这可能导致工作不满和脱离感，因为员工努力调和他们的异主性义务与对自主的渴望。 总之，虽然自治常被视为一种可取的特质，但异主性影响的概念提醒我们，外部因素可以显著塑造我们的决策和行为。认识到生活各个方面——从伦理和法律到教育和职场——中存在的异主性力量，可以使个体更有能力批判性地评估自己的动机，并努力追求更大的自主性。通过培养鼓励个人主动性的环境，我们可以朝着一个重视个人自由和集体责任的社会迈进。