hyoscine

简明释义

英[ˈhaɪəˌsiːn]美[ˈhaɪəˌsiːn]

n. 东莨菪碱（一种植物碱，由莨菪萃取而得，供药用，由镇静神经之效）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Compared with the results of the treatment of the other 39 cases in whom hyoscine was not employed, the hyoscine treatment was far better in handling repeated apnea and convulsion caused by HIE.

与39例未用东莨菪碱的患儿比较，在治疗HIE所致的反复窒息与惊厥方面取得良好的效果。

2.Compared with the results of the treatment of the other 39 cases in whom hyoscine was not employed, the hyoscine treatment was far better in handling repeated apnea and convulsion caused by HIE.

与39例未用东莨菪碱的患儿比较，在治疗HIE所致的反复窒息与惊厥方面取得良好的效果。

3.While this is a highly toxic plant, it also has its benefits. The medical alkaloids atropine, scopolamine, hyoscyamine, hyoscine, and belladonna also come from this plant.

虽然有很高的毒性，但这种植物也是有好处的，莨宕碱和东莨菪碱等化学制剂都从中萃取。

4.The doctor prescribed hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱 to help alleviate the patient’s motion sickness during travel.

医生开了hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱来帮助缓解病人在旅行中的晕动症。

5.In cases of excessive salivation, hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱 can be administered to reduce saliva production.

在过度流口水的情况下，可以使用hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱来减少唾液产生。

6.Nurses often use hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱 patches for patients undergoing surgery to prevent nausea.

护士们常常为接受手术的病人使用hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱贴片以防止恶心。

7.The effectiveness of hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱 in treating irritable bowel syndrome has been widely studied.

在治疗肠易激综合症方面，hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱的有效性已被广泛研究。

8.Patients are advised to take hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱 before meals to maximize its benefits.

建议患者在餐前服用hyoscine 氢溴酸东莨菪碱以最大化其效果。

作文

Hyoscine, also known as scopolamine, is a tropane alkaloid that has been used for centuries in medicine. It is derived from plants of the Solanaceae family, particularly from the belladonna plant. The primary use of hyoscine (氟马西泮) is to treat motion sickness and to alleviate nausea and vomiting associated with various medical conditions. This compound works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals in the nervous system. By doing so, hyoscine effectively reduces the activity in the part of the brain that controls balance and coordination, which can be particularly beneficial for individuals prone to motion sickness. In addition to its use in treating motion sickness, hyoscine is also utilized in preoperative settings to reduce salivation and respiratory secretions before surgery. This is crucial because excessive secretions can lead to complications during anesthesia. Furthermore, hyoscine is sometimes prescribed for patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as it helps to relieve spasms in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby alleviating discomfort. The administration of hyoscine can be done through various routes, including oral tablets, patches, or injections. The transdermal patch is particularly popular because it provides a continuous release of the medication over time, minimizing the frequency of dosing and enhancing patient compliance. However, like any medication, hyoscine is not without side effects. Common side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and confusion, especially in older adults. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers to assess the risks and benefits of hyoscine therapy for each individual patient. Despite its benefits, there are certain contraindications to be aware of when prescribing hyoscine. Patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, or certain types of gastrointestinal obstructions should avoid using this medication due to the potential exacerbation of their conditions. Additionally, caution should be exercised in patients who are elderly or have cognitive impairments, as they may be more susceptible to the central nervous system effects of hyoscine. In conclusion, hyoscine (氟马西泮) is a valuable medication in the management of motion sickness, preoperative care, and gastrointestinal disorders. Its ability to block acetylcholine receptors makes it effective in reducing symptoms associated with these conditions. However, it is crucial for healthcare providers to consider individual patient factors when prescribing hyoscine to ensure safety and efficacy. As research continues, we may discover even more applications for this versatile compound in modern medicine.

氟马西泮，又称为东莨菪碱，是一种生物碱，几个世纪以来一直被用于医学。它源自茄科植物，特别是颠茄植物。hyoscine（氟马西泮）的主要用途是治疗晕动病，并缓解与各种医疗条件相关的恶心和呕吐。这种化合物通过阻断乙酰胆碱的作用来发挥作用，乙酰胆碱是一种负责在神经系统中传递信号的神经递质。通过这样做，hyoscine有效地减少了控制平衡和协调的大脑部分的活动，这对于容易晕动病的人尤其有益。 除了用于治疗晕动病外，hyoscine还在术前环境中被用于减少手术前的唾液分泌和呼吸道分泌。这一点至关重要，因为过多的分泌物可能会导致麻醉期间的并发症。此外，hyoscine有时也被开给患有肠易激综合症（IBS）的患者，因为它有助于缓解胃肠道的痉挛，从而减轻不适。 hyoscine的给药方式可以通过多种途径进行，包括口服片剂、贴片或注射。透皮贴片尤其受欢迎，因为它提供了连续释放药物的效果，减少了给药频率，提高了患者的依从性。然而，像任何药物一样，hyoscine也并非没有副作用。常见的副作用包括口干、视力模糊、嗜睡和混乱，尤其是在老年人中。因此，医疗提供者必须评估每位患者使用hyoscine治疗的风险和收益。 尽管有其好处，但在开处方hyoscine时需要注意某些禁忌症。患有青光眼、尿潴留或某些类型的胃肠道梗阻的患者应避免使用此药物，因为可能会加重他们的病情。此外，在对待老年人或认知障碍患者时应谨慎，因为他们可能更容易受到hyoscine对中枢神经系统的影响。 总之，hyoscine（氟马西泮）在晕动病、术前护理和胃肠道疾病的管理中是一种有价值的药物。它阻断乙酰胆碱受体的能力使其在减轻与这些疾病相关的症状方面有效。然而，医疗提供者在开处方hyoscine时必须考虑个体患者的因素，以确保安全性和有效性。随着研究的继续，我们可能会在现代医学中发现这种多用途化合物更多的应用。