hypothalamus

简明释义

英[ˌhaɪpəˈθæləməs]美[ˌhaɪpəˈθæləməs]

n. [解剖] 下丘脑

复 数 h y p o t h a l a m i

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.The final part of the brain to be activated is the hypothalamus, the ‘control’ part which regulates temperature, hunger, thirst and tiredness.

大脑中最后被激活的区域是下丘脑，它是用来调控温度、饥饿感、干渴感和疲惫感的‘控制’区域.

2.The final part of the brain to be activated is the hypothalamus, the ‘control’ part which regulates temperature, hunger, thirst and tiredness.

还有一个被“激发”的领域为“丘脑下部”，这个部位位于大脑腹面、丘脑的下方，是调节内脏活动和内分泌活动的较高级神经中枢所在，具有“控制”的职能，管理人的体温、饥饱程度以及疲惫程度。

3.For example, hormones from the hypothalamus in the brain stimulate the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

例如，来自大脑下丘脑的激素会刺激垂体前叶。

4.Some tumours with hypothalamus and cavernous sinus invasion can be carried out palliative operation.

部分侵到下丘脑、海绵窦的肿瘤可考虑姑息性手术。

5.“Orexin is produced in only one part of the brain, the dorsomedial-perifornical hypothalamus, ” said Johnson.

Orexin是只是大脑一部分所产生的物质，在背内侧，下丘脑穹窿周围。 Johnson说。

6.There's an area at the base of your brain called the hypothalamus that sets off an alarm whenever you get stressed.

位于大脑底部有一块区域叫下丘脑，当你身体感到压力时，它会发出警报。

7.The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating body temperature.

＜span＞下丘脑＜/span＞负责调节体温。

8.When you are hungry, your hypothalamus signals the need for food.

当你感到饥饿时，你的＜span＞下丘脑＜/span＞会发出需要食物的信号。

9.The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in controlling your sleep cycle.

＜span＞下丘脑＜/span＞在控制你的睡眠周期中起着至关重要的作用。

10.Stress can affect the function of the hypothalamus and lead to various health issues.

压力会影响＜span＞下丘脑＜/span＞的功能，并导致各种健康问题。

11.The hypothalamus helps maintain homeostasis in the body.

＜span＞下丘脑＜/span＞帮助维持身体的内环境稳定。

作文

The human brain is a complex organ that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. One of the key components of the brain is the hypothalamus, which is located beneath the thalamus and above the brainstem. The hypothalamus is a small but mighty structure that is responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body. It regulates essential functions such as temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, and emotional responses. This tiny region of the brain acts as a command center, communicating with different parts of the nervous system and the endocrine system to ensure that our body operates smoothly. One of the primary roles of the hypothalamus is to control the body's temperature. It receives input from temperature-sensitive neurons and can initiate responses to either increase or decrease body temperature. For instance, when the body becomes too hot, the hypothalamus triggers sweating and increases blood flow to the skin to dissipate heat. Conversely, if the body is cold, it can induce shivering and reduce blood flow to the skin to conserve heat. Another vital function of the hypothalamus is its involvement in regulating hunger and thirst. It monitors the levels of nutrients and hormones in the bloodstream and responds accordingly. When energy levels are low, the hypothalamus stimulates appetite, prompting us to seek food. On the other hand, when we are well-fed, it signals satiety, helping us to stop eating. Similarly, it detects dehydration and prompts the sensation of thirst, encouraging us to drink fluids. In addition to these physiological functions, the hypothalamus also plays a significant role in controlling our sleep-wake cycles. It regulates circadian rhythms by responding to light exposure and releasing hormones such as melatonin. This regulation is crucial for maintaining a healthy sleep pattern, which is essential for overall well-being. Furthermore, the hypothalamus is involved in the body's stress response. When faced with stressful situations, it activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to the release of cortisol, a hormone that helps the body manage stress. This response is vital for survival, allowing us to react quickly to threats, but chronic activation can lead to health issues such as anxiety and depression. The hypothalamus also influences emotional responses and behavior. It interacts with the limbic system, which is associated with emotions, memory, and motivation. This connection allows the hypothalamus to play a role in how we respond emotionally to different situations, influencing our mood and social behaviors. In conclusion, the hypothalamus is a small but essential part of the brain that serves multiple critical functions in maintaining homeostasis. From regulating temperature and hunger to managing sleep and stress responses, its influence is far-reaching. Understanding the role of the hypothalamus can help us appreciate the intricate workings of our bodies and the importance of maintaining a balanced lifestyle to support its functions. As research continues to uncover more about this fascinating structure, we will likely gain further insights into its impact on our health and well-being.

人类大脑是一个复杂的器官，在调节各种身体功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。大脑的一个关键组成部分是下丘脑，它位于丘脑下方和脑干上方。下丘脑虽然体积小，但却是一个强大的结构，负责维持身体的稳态。它调节温度、饥饿、口渴、睡眠和情绪反应等基本功能。这个大脑的小区域充当指挥中心，与神经系统和内分泌系统的不同部分进行交流，以确保我们的身体平稳运行。 下丘脑的主要角色之一是控制身体的温度。它接收来自温度敏感神经元的输入，并可以启动反应以增加或降低体温。例如，当身体变得过热时，下丘脑会触发出汗并增加血液流向皮肤以散热。相反，如果身体感到寒冷，它可以诱导颤抖并减少血液流向皮肤以保持热量。 下丘脑的另一个重要功能是参与调节饥饿和口渴。它监测血液中的营养物质和激素水平，并作出相应反应。当能量水平低时，下丘脑会刺激食欲，促使我们寻找食物。另一方面，当我们吃饱时，它会发出饱腹信号，帮助我们停止进食。同样，它会检测脱水并引发口渴的感觉，促使我们饮用液体。 除了这些生理功能外，下丘脑还在控制我们的睡眠-觉醒周期中发挥着重要作用。它通过响应光照来调节昼夜节律，释放褪黑激素等激素。这种调节对于维持健康的睡眠模式至关重要，而健康的睡眠对整体健康至关重要。 此外，下丘脑还参与身体的压力反应。当面临压力情况时，它会激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴，导致皮质醇的释放，这是一种帮助身体应对压力的激素。这种反应对于生存至关重要，使我们能够迅速对威胁做出反应，但长期激活可能导致健康问题，如焦虑和抑郁。 下丘脑还影响情绪反应和行为。它与边缘系统相互作用，后者与情绪、记忆和动机相关。这种联系使得下丘脑在我们对不同情况的情绪反应中发挥作用，影响我们的情绪和社交行为。 总之，下丘脑是大脑中一个小但必不可少的部分，在维持稳态方面发挥着多重关键功能。从调节温度和饥饿到管理睡眠和压力反应，它的影响范围广泛。理解下丘脑的作用可以帮助我们欣赏身体的复杂运作，以及保持平衡生活方式以支持其功能的重要性。随着研究继续揭示更多关于这个迷人结构的信息，我们可能会进一步了解它对我们健康和幸福的影响。