hypothesis

简明释义

英[haɪˈpɒθəsɪs]美[haɪˈpɑːθəsɪs]

n. 假说，假设；（凭空的）猜想，猜测；前提

复 数 h y p o t h e s e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Each hypothesis has its difficulties.

每种假设都有其困难。

2.The Clarks' hypothesis, if correct, means tropical forests would shrink over time.

如果克拉克的假设是正确的，这就意味着热带森林会随着时间的推移而缩小。

3.You'll just need to answer a few specific questions: What was the researchers' hypothesis?

你只需要回答几个具体的问题：研究人员的假设是什么？

4.His fourth hypothesis is the comprehensible input hypothesis.

他的第四个假说是可理解的输入假说。

5.This hypothesis makes intuitive sense, but certain aspects are troubling.

这种假设从直觉上讲是有道理的，但某些方面令人不安。

6.Cold-blooded animals were used to test this hypothesis.

冷血动物被用来验证这一假设。

7.Actually, that's something the flexibility hypothesis explains very well.

实际上，灵活性假说很好地解释了这一点。

8.However, the discontinuity hypothesis can pose problems of its own.

然而，不连续性假说本身也会带来问题。

9.The scientist proposed a new hypothesis to explain the unusual behavior of the particles.

科学家提出了一个新的假设来解释粒子的不寻常行为。

10.After reviewing the data, we found evidence that supports our hypothesis.

在审查数据后，我们发现支持我们假设的证据。

11.The researchers tested their hypothesis through a series of experiments.

研究人员通过一系列实验测试他们的假设。

12.If the hypothesis is correct, we should see a significant increase in sales.

如果这个假设是正确的，我们应该会看到销售额显著增加。

13.Her hypothesis about climate change was met with skepticism by some experts.

她关于气候变化的假设遭到了一些专家的怀疑。

作文

In the realm of scientific inquiry, the term hypothesis (假设) plays a pivotal role in shaping our understanding of the natural world. A hypothesis is essentially an educated guess or a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested through experimentation and observation. The process of formulating a hypothesis is often one of the first steps in the scientific method, guiding researchers in their quest for knowledge and truth. To illustrate the importance of a hypothesis, let’s consider a classic example from the field of biology. Imagine a scientist who observes that plants tend to grow taller when exposed to sunlight compared to those kept in the dark. From this observation, the scientist might formulate a hypothesis stating, "If plants are exposed to sunlight, then they will grow taller than those that are not." This hypothesis provides a clear statement that can be tested by conducting experiments where one group of plants receives sunlight while another does not. The testing of a hypothesis is crucial because it allows scientists to gather data and draw conclusions based on evidence. In the case of our plant experiment, the scientist would measure the growth of both groups over a specified period of time. If the data supports the hypothesis, it strengthens the argument that sunlight is indeed beneficial for plant growth. Conversely, if the data contradicts the hypothesis, the scientist may need to revise or reject it, leading to new questions and further investigation. Moreover, the process of developing a hypothesis encourages critical thinking and creativity. Scientists must consider existing knowledge, ask pertinent questions, and think about possible explanations for their observations. This intellectual exercise not only enhances their understanding of the subject matter but also fosters innovation as new ideas emerge from the exploration of different hypotheses. It is also important to note that a hypothesis must be falsifiable, meaning it can be proven wrong through experimentation. This characteristic distinguishes scientific hypotheses from beliefs or opinions, which may not be subject to empirical testing. For instance, the statement "All swans are white" can be tested by observing swan populations worldwide. If a single black swan is found, the hypothesis is disproven. In addition to its role in science, the concept of a hypothesis extends to other fields such as social sciences, psychology, and economics. For example, a psychologist might propose a hypothesis regarding the effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance. By conducting experiments and analyzing the results, the psychologist can determine whether the hypothesis holds true or needs adjustment. In conclusion, the term hypothesis (假设) encapsulates a fundamental aspect of scientific inquiry. It serves as a foundation for research, guiding scientists in their explorations and helping them make sense of complex phenomena. The ability to formulate, test, and refine hypotheses is essential for advancing knowledge across various disciplines. As we continue to seek answers to the mysteries of the universe, the hypothesis remains an invaluable tool in our intellectual arsenal.

在科学探究的领域中，术语hypothesis（假设）在塑造我们对自然世界的理解方面发挥着关键作用。hypothesis本质上是一个经过教育的猜测或对现象的提出解释，可以通过实验和观察进行测试。制定hypothesis的过程通常是科学方法的第一步，引导研究人员在追求知识和真理的过程中。 为了说明hypothesis的重要性，让我们考虑一个经典的生物学例子。想象一位科学家观察到，与那些放在黑暗中的植物相比，暴露在阳光下的植物往往长得更高。根据这一观察，科学家可能会提出一个hypothesis，声明：“如果植物暴露在阳光下，那么它们将比那些不暴露的植物长得更高。”这个hypothesis提供了一个明确的陈述，可以通过实验进行测试，其中一组植物接受阳光，而另一组则不接受。 测试hypothesis至关重要，因为它允许科学家收集数据并根据证据得出结论。在我们植物实验的情况下，科学家将在指定的时间内测量两组植物的生长。如果数据支持该hypothesis，则增强了阳光确实有利于植物生长的论点。相反，如果数据与hypothesis相矛盾，科学家可能需要修订或拒绝它，从而导致新的问题和进一步的调查。 此外，制定hypothesis的过程鼓励批判性思维和创造力。科学家必须考虑现有知识，提出相关问题，并思考他们观察到的现象的可能解释。这种智力练习不仅增强了他们对主题的理解，而且还通过探索不同的hypotheses产生新的想法，促进了创新。 还需要注意的是，hypothesis必须是可证伪的，这意味着它可以通过实验被证明是错误的。这一特征使科学hypotheses与信仰或意见区分开来，后者可能不受经验测试的约束。例如，“所有天鹅都是白色的”这一说法可以通过观察全球的天鹅种群进行测试。如果发现一只黑天鹅，该hypothesis就被证明是错误的。 除了在科学中的作用外，hypothesis的概念还扩展到社会科学、心理学和经济学等其他领域。例如，心理学家可能会提出一个hypothesis，关于睡眠剥夺对认知表现的影响。通过进行实验和分析结果，心理学家可以确定该hypothesis是否成立或需要调整。 总之，术语hypothesis（假设）概括了科学探究的一个基本方面。它作为研究的基础，引导科学家在探索中，并帮助他们理解复杂的现象。制定、测试和完善hypotheses的能力对于推动各个学科的知识进步至关重要。当我们继续寻求宇宙之谜的答案时，hypothesis仍然是我们智力武器库中不可或缺的工具。