immunodiffusion

简明释义

英[ˌɪmjʊnəʊdɪˈfjuːʒən]美[ˌɪmjənoʊdɪˈfjuːʒən;ɪˌmjuːnoʊ

n. [免疫] 免疫扩散

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Methods The levels of serum complement and immunoglobulin and acute phase response proteins in 11 patients with HLD were studied by single immunodiffusion test.

方法用琼脂音向免疫扩散法定量测定11例HLD患儿血清补体成分、免疫球蛋白、急性期反应蛋白水平。

2.Double immunodiffusion assay was used to identify the type and subclass of monoclonal antibody. ELISA and double immunodiffusion assay were used to determine the specificity.

采用免疫双扩法鉴定单克隆抗体类型，ELISA法、免疫双扩法鉴定单克隆抗体的特异性。

3.The double immunodiffusion test and ELISA were used to test the titer of the antiserum. The specificity of antibody was detected by SDS PAGE and ELIB (Enzyme linked immune blotting).

采用多途径免疫法制备单特异性抗血清，琼脂扩散试验和ELISA测定抗体的效价，SDSPAGE和ELIB检测抗体的特异性。

4.Method: Using single immunodiffusion test, MTT, APAAP and ELISA to detect the level of serum Ig, C3, SIL-2R, IL-2 and T lymphocyte subsets.

方法：血清免疫球蛋白、补体C3、T淋巴细胞亚群SIL -2R以及IL -2活性分别采用单向免疫扩散法，APAAP、MTT比色法以及ELISA法。

5.And compared with the AGAR immunodiffusion test and the ELISA, it sh owed that the new method was more sensitive than the AIDT and equal as ELISA.

同时与琼脂扩散免疫沉淀试验及ELISA试验进行了比较，结果显示，该方法的敏感性优于琼脂扩散免疫沉淀试验，而与ELISA试验相当。

6.The titer of antiserum was detected by immunoelectrophoresis and double immunodiffusion.

利用免疫电泳、向琼脂扩散试验分析和测定抗血清的效价。

7.Methods CRP was detected by AGAR plate immunodiffusion. Serum respiratory syncytial virus antibody, adenovirus antibody and coxsackie virus antibody were detected by ELISA.

方法采用琼脂板免疫扩散法测定CRP和酶联免疫测定法测定血清中呼吸道合胞病毒抗体、腺病毒抗体和柯萨奇病毒抗体。

8.To test for specificity, radial immunodiffusion was employed.

可使用免疫扩散法检测特异性。

9.The double immunodiffusion test and ELISA were used to test the titer of the antiserum. The specificity of antibody was detected by SDS PAGE and ELIB (Enzyme linked immune blotting).

采用多途径免疫法制备单特异性抗血清，琼脂扩散试验和ELISA测定抗体的效价，SDSPAGE和ELIB检测抗体的特异性。

10.The laboratory used immunodiffusion to detect the presence of specific antibodies in the serum.

实验室使用免疫扩散来检测血清中特定抗体的存在。

11.By employing immunodiffusion, researchers can identify various pathogens in clinical samples.

通过采用免疫扩散，研究人员可以识别临床样本中的各种病原体。

12.The results of the immunodiffusion test were crucial for diagnosing the disease.

该免疫扩散测试的结果对疾病诊断至关重要。

13.In veterinary medicine, immunodiffusion is often used to test for infections in livestock.

在兽医学中，免疫扩散常用于检测牲畜中的感染。

14.The immunodiffusion technique allows for the visualization of antigen-antibody interactions.

该免疫扩散技术允许可视化抗原-抗体相互作用。

作文

In the field of immunology, various techniques are employed to study the immune response and the interactions between antigens and antibodies. One such technique is known as immunodiffusion, which plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and research of numerous diseases. Immunodiffusion is a method that utilizes the principles of diffusion to analyze the presence of specific antibodies or antigens in a sample. This process involves the migration of these molecules through a gel medium, allowing for the visualization of their interactions. The principle behind immunodiffusion is relatively straightforward. When an antigen and its corresponding antibody are placed in a gel, they will diffuse towards each other. As they meet, they form a precipitate, which can be observed as a visible line or band within the gel. This reaction indicates that the antigen and antibody are specific to each other, confirming their interaction. There are two primary types of immunodiffusion: radial and double immunodiffusion. In radial immunodiffusion, the antigen diffuses outward from a central well, while in double immunodiffusion, both the antigen and antibody are placed in separate wells, allowing for the observation of their interaction in a more controlled manner. One of the significant advantages of immunodiffusion is its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. It does not require sophisticated equipment, making it accessible to many laboratories, especially in resource-limited settings. Furthermore, the results are relatively easy to interpret, as the formation of bands or precipitates provides clear visual evidence of the antigen-antibody interaction. This technique has been widely used in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of various infections, including fungal infections, where it helps identify specific pathogens by detecting their antigens or antibodies in patient samples. Moreover, immunodiffusion is not limited to clinical applications; it also has significant implications in research. Scientists utilize this technique to study the immune response in different organisms and to develop vaccines. By understanding how antigens and antibodies interact, researchers can design more effective immunotherapies and vaccines, ultimately improving public health outcomes. Despite its many advantages, immunodiffusion does have limitations. The sensitivity of the test can vary depending on the concentration of the antigen and antibody involved. In some cases, low concentrations may not produce a detectable precipitate, leading to false-negative results. Additionally, immunodiffusion may not be suitable for all types of antigens or antibodies, particularly those that do not form visible precipitates. Therefore, while it remains a valuable tool in both clinical and research settings, it is essential to complement immunodiffusion with other diagnostic methods to ensure accurate results. In conclusion, immunodiffusion is a fundamental technique in immunology that allows for the analysis of antigen-antibody interactions through a simple and effective method. Its applications in clinical diagnostics and research make it an invaluable tool for understanding the immune system and developing new therapeutic strategies. As science continues to advance, the principles of immunodiffusion will likely remain a cornerstone in the study of immunology, paving the way for new discoveries and innovations in the field.

在免疫学领域，研究免疫反应和抗原与抗体之间相互作用采用了多种技术。其中一种被称为免疫扩散，在众多疾病的诊断和研究中发挥着至关重要的作用。免疫扩散是一种利用扩散原理分析样本中特定抗体或抗原存在的方法。此过程涉及这些分子通过凝胶介质的迁移，从而使其相互作用可视化。 免疫扩散的原理相对简单。当抗原和其对应的抗体放置在凝胶中时，它们会向彼此扩散。当它们相遇时，会形成沉淀物，这可以观察到为凝胶中的可见线条或带。这种反应表明抗原和抗体是相互特异的，确认了它们的相互作用。免疫扩散主要有两种类型：径向免疫扩散和双重免疫扩散。在径向免疫扩散中，抗原从中心小孔向外扩散，而在双重免疫扩散中，抗原和抗体分别放置在不同的小孔中，允许在更受控的情况下观察它们的相互作用。 免疫扩散的一大优势是其简单性和经济性。它不需要复杂的设备，使许多实验室都能使用，尤其是在资源有限的环境中。此外，结果相对易于解释，因为沉淀物或带的形成提供了抗原-抗体相互作用的明确视觉证据。这项技术已广泛应用于临床实验室，用于各种感染的诊断，包括真菌感染，通过检测患者样本中的抗原或抗体来帮助识别特定病原体。 此外，免疫扩散不仅限于临床应用；它在研究中也具有重要意义。科学家利用这项技术研究不同生物体中的免疫反应，并开发疫苗。通过了解抗原和抗体如何相互作用，研究人员可以设计出更有效的免疫疗法和疫苗，最终改善公共卫生成果。 尽管有许多优点，免疫扩散也存在局限性。测试的灵敏度可能因参与的抗原和抗体浓度而异。在某些情况下，低浓度可能无法产生可检测的沉淀物，导致假阴性结果。此外，免疫扩散可能不适用于所有类型的抗原或抗体，特别是那些不形成可见沉淀物的。因此，尽管它在临床和研究环境中仍然是一个宝贵的工具，但需要用其他诊断方法来补充免疫扩散以确保结果的准确性。 总之，免疫扩散是免疫学中的一项基本技术，通过一种简单有效的方法分析抗原-抗体相互作用。它在临床诊断和研究中的应用使其成为理解免疫系统和开发新治疗策略的重要工具。随着科学的不断进步，免疫扩散的原理可能仍将是免疫学研究的基石，为该领域的新发现和创新铺平道路。