implicature

简明释义

英[ˈɪmplɪkətʃə(r)]美[ˈɪmplɪkətʃər]

n. 含意；蕴意

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Relevance theory is the theory about communicaions and it gives a clear explanation on the existence and essence of the implicature message.

关联理论是关于人类交际的理论，它对隐含的信息的存在和本质做出了解释，而隐喻恰恰是一种弱隐含。

2.Conversational implicature is one of the essential pragmatic phenomena in common talks.

会话含义是日常会话中最基本的语用现象之一。

3.According to the Gricean theory of conversational implicature, the maxims of the Cooperative Principles are the premise and guarantee of conversation.

根据格赖斯的会话含义理论，“合作原则”是使会话正常进行下去的首要前提和保证。

4.Implicature is a proposition that is implied in the utterance even though that proposition is not a part of what was actually said.

隐含是在一特定语境中一句话所暗含的命题，即使话语没有说到这个命题。

5.The study of nucleus may be of high pragmatic value and help with our understanding of utterance construction and conversational implicature.

对调核重音的分析研究有助于我们理解话语结构和话语含义，具有较高的语用学价值。

6.If your answer is No, you have rightly figured out the implicature.

如果您的答案是否定的，你必须正确地计算出的含义。

7.Conversational implicature, simply called implicature, is an important concept of pragmatics.

会话含意(简称为含意)是语用学中的一个重要概念。

8.When she said, 'It's getting late,' the implicature 暗示 was that she wanted to leave.

当她说，‘时间不早了，’implicature 暗示她想要离开。

9.His comment about the food had a negative implicature 暗示 that he didn't enjoy it.

他对食物的评论有一个负面的implicature 暗示，表明他并不喜欢它。

10.The teacher's question had an implicature 暗示 that the students should study harder.

老师的问题有一个implicature 暗示，表明学生们应该更加努力学习。

11.When he said, 'Some people are not very punctual,' the implicature 暗示 was directed at his friend who was always late.

当他说，‘有些人不是很守时，’implicature 暗示是针对他总是迟到的朋友。

12.In her response, the implicature 暗示 that she was too busy to help was clear.

在她的回答中，implicature 暗示她太忙无法提供帮助是显而易见的。

作文

In the realm of linguistics, the concept of implicature plays a crucial role in understanding how meaning is conveyed beyond the literal interpretation of words. The term implicature refers to the idea that speakers often imply meanings that are not explicitly stated in their utterances. This phenomenon can be observed in everyday conversations, where context, tone, and the relationship between speakers contribute significantly to the overall message being communicated. For instance, consider a scenario where two friends are discussing dinner plans. If one friend says, "I have a lot of homework to do tonight," the other might respond, "Okay, let’s plan for another day." Here, the second friend’s response carries an implicature that they understand the first friend cannot go out for dinner due to their workload. The meaning is not directly expressed, but it is inferred from the context and the situation. This subtlety in communication illustrates how implicature allows speakers to convey complex ideas without needing to articulate every detail explicitly. The significance of implicature extends beyond casual conversations; it is also vital in literature and rhetoric. Authors often rely on implicature to enrich their narratives and create layers of meaning. For example, in a novel, a character may say, "It’s getting late," implying that they want to leave without stating it outright. This technique engages readers, prompting them to think critically about the underlying messages and motivations of characters. Moreover, implicature is closely linked to the principle of cooperation proposed by philosopher H.P. Grice. According to Grice, effective communication depends on the assumption that participants in a conversation will cooperate with each other, adhering to maxims such as quantity, quality, relevance, and manner. When these maxims are flouted, implicature arises, leading listeners to derive meanings that are not straightforward. For example, if someone responds to a question about their weekend plans with, "Well, I did finish my book," the listener might infer that the speaker is not interested in discussing their weekend plans, despite the fact that no explicit refusal was made. Understanding implicature is essential for effective communication, as it allows individuals to navigate social interactions more skillfully. Misunderstandings can arise when the implicature is missed or misinterpreted, highlighting the importance of context and shared knowledge between interlocutors. In cross-cultural communication, for instance, what is implied in one culture may not translate effectively in another, leading to confusion or offense. In conclusion, implicature is a fundamental aspect of human communication that enriches our understanding of language and interaction. By recognizing the implied meanings behind our words, we can engage more deeply with others and appreciate the nuances of dialogue. Whether in casual conversations or literary works, implicature serves as a reminder that the essence of communication often lies beyond the surface, inviting us to explore the rich tapestry of meaning that language offers.

在语言学领域，隐含意的概念在理解如何超越字面意义传达意义方面发挥着至关重要的作用。术语隐含意指的是说话者通常会暗示未在其言语中明确表达的意思。这种现象可以在日常对话中观察到，在这些对话中，上下文、语调和说话者之间的关系对整体传达的信息有着重要影响。 例如，考虑一个场景，两位朋友正在讨论晚餐计划。如果一位朋友说：“我今晚有很多作业要做”，另一位可能会回答：“好的，我们改天再计划。”在这里，第二位朋友的回答带有一种隐含意，即他们理解第一位朋友由于工作量大而无法外出就餐。这个意思并没有直接表达出来，但它是从上下文和情境中推断出来的。这种沟通中的微妙性说明了隐含意如何使说话者能够在不需要明确表达每个细节的情况下传达复杂的思想。 隐含意的重要性不仅限于随意的对话；它在文学和修辞中也至关重要。作者经常依赖隐含意来丰富叙述并创造意义的层次。例如，在小说中，一个角色可能会说：“时间不早了”，暗示他们想离开，而没有明确说出来。这种技巧吸引读者，促使他们批判性地思考角色的潜在信息和动机。 此外，隐含意与哲学家H.P.格赖斯提出的合作原则密切相关。根据格赖斯的理论，有效的沟通依赖于这样的假设：对话参与者将相互合作，遵循数量、质量、相关性和方式等准则。当这些准则被违反时，就会产生隐含意，导致听众推导出不直接的意思。例如，如果有人对周末计划的问题回答：“嗯，我完成了我的书”，听众可能会推断出说话者对讨论他们的周末计划不感兴趣，尽管并没有明确拒绝。 理解隐含意对于有效沟通至关重要，因为它使个人能够更熟练地驾驭社会互动。当隐含意被忽视或误解时，可能会出现误解，这凸显了上下文和交谈者之间共享知识的重要性。在跨文化交流中，例如，在一种文化中暗示的内容可能无法有效地在另一种文化中传达，从而导致混淆或冒犯。 总之，隐含意是人类沟通的基本方面，它丰富了我们对语言和互动的理解。通过认识到我们言语背后的暗示意义，我们可以更深入地与他人互动，并欣赏对话的微妙之处。无论是在随意的对话中还是在文学作品中，隐含意都提醒我们，沟通的本质往往超越表面，邀请我们探索语言所提供的丰富意义织锦。