isotope

简明释义

英[ˈaɪsətəʊp]美[ˈaɪsətoʊp]

n. 同位素

复 数 i s o t o p e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The isotope does occur in nature but only extremely rarely.

钋的同位素在自然界中的确存在，但是相当罕见。

2.But the team found that on the Moon it was about 25 times that of the terrestrial chlorine isotope ratio.

但是研究团队发现在月球上氯的同位素的比率大约是地球上的25倍。

3.The city's challenge, chiefly, is to dispose of cesium-137, a radioactive isotope with a half-life of 30 years.

这座城市面临的最大问题就是处理铯—137，这是一种半衰期为30年的放射性同位素。

4.As an indicator of shifts in the Earth's climate, the isotope record has two advantages.

作为地球气候变化的指标，同位素记录有两个优势。

5.Thus, more of the heavy isotope is left behind in the ocean and absorbed by marine organisms.

因此，更多的重氧同位素留在了海洋里，并被海洋有机物吸收。

6.And the heavier oxygen from a natural process that left more of the light isotope in the part of the nebula that made the sun.

重量较大的氧来自某种自然过程，在此过程中，大部分的轻同位素留在了形成太阳的部分星云中。

7.Experts have played down the dangers, arguing that the isotope of nitrogen known as nitrogen-16 lasts for only five seconds.

专家们说相关辐射危险性很小，因为氮的同位素氮16只会存在5秒钟。

8.The dated isotope record shows that the fluctuations in global ice volume over the past several hundred thousand years have a pattern: an ice age occurs roughly once every 100,000 years.

同位素年代记录显示，过去几十万年全球冰量的波动有一个模式：冰河期大约每10万年发生一次。

9.What's more, it detected comparatively high levels of the isotope deuterium in Venus' upper atmosphere.

除此之外，探测器还在金星高层大气中检测到较高水平的氘。

10.The carbon-14 isotope is commonly used in dating ancient artifacts.

碳-14同位素常用于测定古代文物的年代。

11.Some medical treatments utilize radioactive isotopes for cancer therapy.

一些医疗治疗利用放射性同位素进行癌症治疗。

12.Stable isotopes of oxygen are used to study climate change.

氧的稳定同位素用于研究气候变化。

13.In nuclear physics, the behavior of different isotopes can reveal important information about atomic structure.

在核物理学中，不同同位素的行为可以揭示原子结构的重要信息。

14.The hydrogen isotope known as deuterium has applications in nuclear fusion research.

氢的同位素称为氘，在核聚变研究中有应用。

作文

Isotopes play a crucial role in various scientific fields, particularly in chemistry, physics, and medicine. An isotope is defined as a variant of a particular chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in its atomic nucleus. This difference in neutron count results in varying atomic masses for the isotopes of an element. For instance, carbon has several isotopes, including carbon-12 and carbon-14. Both isotopes have six protons, but carbon-12 has six neutrons, while carbon-14 has eight. This distinction is not merely academic; it has significant implications in both natural processes and technological applications. In nature, isotopes can be stable or unstable. Stable isotopes do not change over time, whereas unstable isotopes, also known as radioactive isotopes, decay into other elements or isotopes. This decay process can be harnessed in various ways. For example, carbon-14 dating is a method used by archaeologists to determine the age of ancient organic materials. By measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining in a sample, scientists can estimate when the organism died, providing invaluable data about historical timelines. In the field of medicine, isotopes are used extensively for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Radioactive isotopes such as iodine-131 are employed in treating thyroid cancer, while technetium-99m is widely used in medical imaging. These isotopes emit radiation that can be detected by imaging equipment, allowing doctors to visualize internal organs and diagnose conditions with greater accuracy. The ability to trace the path of an isotope within the body enables healthcare professionals to monitor diseases and evaluate treatment effectiveness. Moreover, the study of isotopes extends beyond Earth. Scientists analyze isotopes found in meteorites and lunar samples to gain insights into the formation of our solar system. By examining the isotopic composition of these celestial bodies, researchers can infer the conditions under which they formed and their subsequent evolution. This field of study not only enhances our understanding of planetary science but also sheds light on the origins of life itself. The concept of isotopes also finds relevance in environmental studies. For instance, scientists use isotopic analysis to track the sources of pollutants in water bodies. By studying the isotopic signatures of contaminants, researchers can identify their origins and develop strategies for remediation. This application underscores the importance of isotopes in addressing contemporary environmental challenges. In conclusion, the significance of isotopes transcends mere scientific curiosity. They are fundamental to our understanding of the natural world, with applications ranging from archaeology to medicine and environmental science. As research continues to evolve, the potential uses of isotopes will likely expand, paving the way for new discoveries and innovations. Understanding isotopes not only enriches our knowledge of chemistry and physics but also enhances our ability to solve real-world problems, making them an indispensable part of modern science.

同位素在各种科学领域中扮演着至关重要的角色，尤其是在化学、物理和医学中。同位素被定义为特定化学元素的变体，它具有相同数量的质子，但在原子核中具有不同数量的中子。这种中子数量的差异导致元素的同位素具有不同的原子质量。例如，碳有几种同位素，包括碳-12和碳-14。这两种同位素都有六个质子，但碳-12有六个中子，而碳-14有八个。这种区别并不仅仅是学术上的；它在自然过程和技术应用中具有重要意义。 在自然界中，同位素可以是稳定的或不稳定的。稳定的同位素不会随着时间而变化，而不稳定的同位素，也称为放射性同位素，会衰变成其他元素或同位素。这一衰变过程可以以多种方式被利用。例如，碳-14测年法是考古学家用来确定古代有机材料年龄的一种方法。通过测量样本中剩余的碳-14量，科学家可以估计生物体死亡的时间，从而提供关于历史时间线的宝贵数据。 在医学领域，同位素被广泛用于诊断和治疗目的。诸如碘-131等放射性同位素被用于治疗甲状腺癌，而锝-99m则广泛用于医学成像。这些同位素发出可以被成像设备检测到的辐射，使医生能够更准确地可视化内部器官并诊断病症。追踪同位素在体内的路径使医疗专业人员能够监测疾病并评估治疗效果。 此外，同位素的研究还超越了地球。科学家分析在陨石和月球样本中发现的同位素，以获得关于我们太阳系形成的见解。通过检查这些天体的同位素组成，研究人员可以推断它们形成时的条件及其随后的演变。这一研究领域不仅增强了我们对行星科学的理解，还揭示了生命起源的奥秘。 同位素的概念在环境研究中也具有相关性。例如，科学家使用同位素分析来追踪水体污染物的来源。通过研究污染物的同位素特征，研究人员可以识别其来源并制定修复策略。这一应用强调了同位素在应对当代环境挑战中的重要性。 总之，同位素的重要性超越了单纯的科学好奇心。它们是我们理解自然世界的基础，应用范围从考古学到医学再到环境科学。随着研究的不断发展，同位素的潜在用途可能会扩大，为新的发现和创新铺平道路。理解同位素不仅丰富了我们对化学和物理的知识，还增强了我们解决现实问题的能力，使其成为现代科学不可或缺的一部分。