kolkhoz
简明释义
英[ˈkɒlkɒz;kʌlkˈhɔːz]美[kəlˈkɔz]
n. 苏联的集体农庄
复 数 k o l k h o z 或 k o l k h o z e s 或 k o l k h o z y
英英释义
A collective farm in the former Soviet Union, where multiple farmers work together and share resources. | 前苏联的集体农场,多个农民共同工作并共享资源。 |
单词用法
集体农场 | |
集体农庄制度 | |
集体农庄成员 | |
加入一个集体农庄 | |
管理一个集体农庄 | |
在集体农庄生产 |
同义词
集体农场 | The kolkhoz was a key component of the Soviet agricultural system. | 集体农场是苏联农业体系的一个关键组成部分。 |
反义词
例句
1.What was the reason for that - nobody knows; whether it was a war, a sprouting possibility to move to the biggest cities or a policy of kolkhoz sprawling, there is no exact answer.
至于什么原因,我们无从得知,是否因为一场战争,也可能移动到城市了,或者迁移到了巨大的集体农庄,没有人知道确切的答案。
2.What was the reason for that - nobody knows; whether it was a war, a sprouting possibility to move to the biggest cities or a policy of kolkhoz sprawling, there is no exact answer.
至于什么原因,我们无从得知,是否因为一场战争,也可能移动到城市了,或者迁移到了巨大的集体农庄,没有人知道确切的答案。
3.Collective farms (otherwise known as "kolkhoz") started to appear in the USSR since 1918.
1918年集体农庄就开始出现在苏联。
4.During the Soviet era, many farmers were required to join a kolkhoz 集体农场 to increase agricultural production.
在苏联时代,许多农民被要求加入一个kolkhoz 集体农场以提高农业生产。
5.The government provided subsidies to support the operations of each kolkhoz 集体农场 in the region.
政府为该地区每个kolkhoz 集体农场的运营提供补贴。
6.Life on a kolkhoz 集体农场 was often challenging due to the collective nature of work and shared resources.
在一个kolkhoz 集体农场生活通常很有挑战性,因为工作和资源是集体共享的。
7.The members of the kolkhoz 集体农场 worked together to plant and harvest crops every season.
在每个季节,kolkhoz 集体农场的成员们共同努力种植和收获作物。
8.Education programs were implemented to teach new farming techniques to the workers of the kolkhoz 集体农场.
教育项目被实施,以教授新型农业技术给kolkhoz 集体农场的工人们。
作文
The term kolkhoz refers to a form of collective farming that was prevalent in the Soviet Union from the late 1920s until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. In essence, a kolkhoz was a cooperative farm where peasants worked collectively on agricultural land that was owned by the state. This system was part of a broader initiative by the Soviet government to consolidate individual landholdings into larger, state-controlled entities. The idea was to increase agricultural productivity and ensure food security for the rapidly industrializing nation. Initially, the establishment of kolkhozes was met with resistance from many peasants who were reluctant to give up their private land. However, through various means, including propaganda and coercion, the Soviet government succeeded in promoting this collectivization policy. By the mid-1930s, millions of farms had been transformed into kolkhozes, fundamentally changing the landscape of Soviet agriculture. Life on a kolkhoz was often challenging. While the collective nature of these farms allowed for shared resources and labor, it also led to bureaucratic inefficiencies and a lack of personal incentive. Farmers received wages based on the amount of work they contributed, but they did not own the fruits of their labor. Instead, produce was distributed according to state quotas, which sometimes left farmers with little to sustain their families. The kolkhoz system was intended to embody socialist principles, promoting equality among workers and reducing class distinctions. However, in practice, it often resulted in the opposite. Many kolkhozes operated under a system of strict quotas imposed by the state, leading to a focus on meeting these targets rather than producing quality goods. As a result, food shortages and poor agricultural practices became common issues in the Soviet Union. Despite these challenges, kolkhozes played a significant role in the Soviet economy, contributing a substantial portion of the country’s agricultural output. They were also a crucial element in the Soviet Union's efforts to modernize its agricultural sector. Through mechanization and the introduction of new farming techniques, some kolkhozes were able to improve productivity over time. The legacy of the kolkhoz system is complex. While it aimed to create a more equitable society, it often fell short of its goals. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many kolkhozes were privatized or dissolved, leading to a transition back to individual farming practices. Today, the term kolkhoz is often associated with nostalgia for a bygone era, as well as criticism of the inefficiencies of collective farming. In conclusion, the kolkhoz represents a significant chapter in the history of Soviet agriculture. It reflects the ambitions and challenges of a society striving for a new social order. Understanding the kolkhoz system provides valuable insights into the complexities of agricultural policies and their impacts on rural communities during a transformative period in history.
术语kolkhoz指的是一种集体农业形式,这种形式在苏联从20世纪20年代末到1991年苏联解体期间盛行。基本上,kolkhoz是一个合作农场,农民在这里共同耕作由国家拥有的农业土地。这一制度是苏联政府将个人土地整合为更大、由国家控制的实体的更广泛倡议的一部分。其目的是提高农业生产力,并确保迅速工业化国家的粮食安全。 最初,建立kolkhozes遭到了许多农民的抵制,他们不愿意放弃自己的私有土地。然而,通过宣传和强制等各种手段,苏联政府成功地推动了这一集体化政策。到20世纪30年代中期,数百万农场已被转变为kolkhozes,从根本上改变了苏联农业的面貌。 在kolkhoz上的生活往往很艰难。虽然这些农场的集体性质允许共享资源和劳动力,但也导致了官僚低效和缺乏个人激励。农民根据他们贡献的工作获得工资,但他们并不拥有劳动成果。相反,生产物按照国家配额分配,这有时使农民几乎没有东西来维持家庭的生计。 kolkhoz制度旨在体现社会主义原则,促进工人之间的平等,减少阶级差异。然而,在实践中,它往往导致了相反的结果。许多kolkhozes在国家施加的严格配额制度下运作,导致关注于满足这些目标,而不是生产优质商品。因此,食品短缺和糟糕的农业实践成为苏联的普遍问题。 尽管面临这些挑战,kolkhozes在苏联经济中发挥了重要作用,为国家的农业产出做出了相当大的贡献。它们也是苏联努力实现农业现代化的重要组成部分。通过机械化和新农业技术的引入,一些kolkhozes随着时间的推移能够提高生产力。 kolkhoz制度的遗产是复杂的。虽然它旨在创造一个更公平的社会,但往往未能实现其目标。在苏联解体后,许多kolkhozes被私有化或解散,导致回归个体农业实践。今天,kolkhoz这个词常常与对过去时代的怀旧以及对集体农业无效率的批评相关联。 总之,kolkhoz代表了苏联农业历史中的一个重要篇章。它反映了一个社会追求新社会秩序的雄心和挑战。理解kolkhoz制度为我们提供了宝贵的见解,帮助我们理解农业政策的复杂性及其对农村社区的影响,这是一个变革时期的历史。
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