macadam

简明释义

英[məˈkædəm]美[məˈkædəm]

n. 碎石；碎石路面

n. （MacAdam）人名；（英）麦克亚当

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The construction techniques of cement treated macadam base are always paid more attention by highway constructors.

水泥稳定碎石基层是目前被广泛采用的半刚性路面结构。

2.The construction techniques of cement treated macadam base are always paid more attention by highway constructors.

水泥稳定碎石基层的施工技术历来被公路施工单位所重视。

3.Pave the site by macadam in the empty place bet ween the process unit areas and roads.

工艺装置区与道路之间空地进行碎石场地铺装。

4.By analyzing the principle of macadam pile, the paper discussed its construction detection and strengthening effect, and introduced its application.

通过对碎石桩的原理分析，阐述了碎石桩的施工检验与加固效果，介绍了碎石桩在地基处理中的应用。

5.The investigations of testing highway and results of theoretic calculation indicate that the extra large-size asphalt macadam layer can prevents asphalt overlay from cracking effectively.

通过加铺层试验路观测与理论计算分析表明，大粒径沥青碎石裂缝缓解层可有效地防止或减缓水泥混凝土路面沥青加铺层的反射裂缝。

6.This engineering is change fill macadam.

本工程为换填级配碎石。

7.The standard vibratory compaction method is concluded on the basis of vibratory compaction test using cement-stabilized macadam which is the most conventional semi-grid material.

应用振动压实方法确定压实标准、振动成型方法成型大量试件，并与标准击实方法确定压实标准、静压成型方法成型的试件进行对比。

8.Through analysing the strength from of macadam with lime and ash, the primary factors could be found.

从分析二灰碎石强度形成的原理入手，找出主要影响因素。

9.The road was paved with macadam, making it smooth for vehicles.

这条路用碎石铺成，使得车辆行驶平稳。

10.We learned about the history of macadam in our civil engineering class.

在我们的土木工程课上，我们学习了碎石的历史。

11.The park paths are made of macadam to ensure durability.

公园小径由碎石制成，以确保耐用性。

12.During the renovation, the city decided to replace the old macadam surface.

在翻新期间，市政府决定更换旧的碎石表面。

13.Bicyclists prefer roads that are made with macadam for better traction.

骑自行车的人更喜欢用碎石铺成的道路，以获得更好的抓地力。

作文

The development of road construction has evolved significantly over the centuries, with various materials and techniques being employed to create durable and efficient pathways for transportation. One of the most notable innovations in this field is the use of macadam, a type of road surface that consists of layers of crushed stone or gravel. This method of construction was pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the early 19th century, and it revolutionized the way roads were built. The term macadam refers not only to the material used but also to the specific technique of layering stones to form a solid yet flexible surface. The process of creating a macadam road involves several steps. First, a stable foundation is prepared, usually by removing the topsoil and leveling the ground. Next, large stones are laid down to form the base layer, which is then covered with progressively smaller stones. Finally, the surface is compacted to ensure that the stones interlock, creating a smooth and durable driving surface. This design allows for excellent drainage, reducing the risk of water damage that can lead to potholes and other road issues. One of the greatest advantages of macadam roads is their cost-effectiveness. Compared to modern asphalt or concrete surfaces, macadam requires less expensive materials and less complex machinery for construction. This makes it an attractive option for rural areas or places where budget constraints are a significant concern. Additionally, macadam roads can be easily repaired; if a section becomes damaged, it can be patched without the need for extensive reconstruction. Despite its benefits, macadam does have some drawbacks. For instance, the loose stones can create a rough ride for vehicles, and dust can become an issue in dry conditions. Moreover, without proper maintenance, macadam roads can degrade over time, leading to the formation of ruts and uneven surfaces. However, with regular upkeep, these roads can remain functional for many years. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in macadam as a sustainable option for road construction. As environmental concerns grow, many are looking for ways to reduce the carbon footprint associated with road building. The use of locally sourced materials for macadam roads can significantly lower transportation emissions, and the ability to recycle existing materials into new road surfaces aligns with eco-friendly practices. Furthermore, the permeable nature of macadam allows rainwater to seep through, replenishing groundwater supplies and reducing runoff, which is beneficial for the environment. In conclusion, macadam represents a significant chapter in the history of road construction. Its innovative design and practical applications have made it a staple in many regions around the world. As we continue to seek sustainable solutions for infrastructure, the principles behind macadam may play a crucial role in shaping the future of roadways. Whether for rural pathways or urban streets, the enduring legacy of macadam serves as a reminder of the importance of adaptability and resourcefulness in engineering.

道路建设的发展在几个世纪中经历了显著的演变，各种材料和技术被用于创造耐用且高效的交通通道。其中一个最显著的创新就是使用macadam，这是一种由碎石或砾石层构成的路面。这种施工方法是由苏格兰工程师约翰·劳登·麦克亚当在19世纪初首创的，它彻底改变了道路的建造方式。术语macadam不仅指所用材料，也指将石头分层铺设以形成坚固而灵活的表面的特定技术。 创建macadam道路的过程包括几个步骤。首先，准备一个稳定的基础，通常通过去除表土并平整地面来完成。接下来，铺设大石块以形成基础层，然后用逐渐较小的石块覆盖。最后，压实表面以确保石块互锁，形成光滑耐用的驾驶表面。这种设计允许出色的排水，减少水损害的风险，从而导致坑洞和其他道路问题。 macadam道路的最大优点之一是其成本效益。与现代沥青或混凝土表面相比，macadam需要的材料成本较低，施工所需的机械设备也较为简单。这使得它成为农村地区或预算限制显著的地方的一个吸引人的选择。此外，macadam道路可以轻松维修；如果某个部分受损，可以进行补丁修复，而无需进行广泛的重建。 尽管有其优点，macadam也存在一些缺点。例如，松散的石块可能会给车辆带来颠簸的行驶体验，在干燥条件下，灰尘可能成为一个问题。此外，如果没有适当的维护，macadam道路可能随着时间的推移而退化，导致车辙和不平坦的表面。然而，通过定期维护，这些道路可以保持功能多年。 近年来，随着可持续发展选项在道路建设中的兴趣重新兴起，macadam再次受到关注。随着环境问题的加剧，许多人正在寻找减少道路建设碳足迹的方法。使用本地采购材料建造macadam道路可以显著降低运输排放，而将现有材料回收利用到新的路面中符合环保实践。此外，macadam的透水性使雨水能够渗透，补充地下水资源并减少径流，这对环境是有益的。 总之，macadam代表了道路建设历史中的重要一章。其创新设计和实用应用使其成为世界许多地区的主流。随着我们继续寻求基础设施的可持续解决方案，macadam背后的原则可能在塑造未来道路方面发挥关键作用。无论是乡村小道还是城市街道，macadam的持久遗产提醒我们工程领域适应性和足智多谋的重要性。